The planetary–exoplanetary environment: A nonlinear perspective

A review of the fundamental physical processes in the planetary–exoplanetary environment is presented, with emphasis on nonlinear phenomena. First, we discuss briefly the detection of exoplanets and search for radio emissions from exoplanets. Next, we give an overview of the concepts of waves, instabilities, chaos and turbulence in the planetary–exoplanetary environment based on our present knowledge of the solar-terrestrial environment. We conclude by discussing cyclotron masers and chaos in nonthermal radio emissions in the planetary–exoplanetary environment.     

基于BLUE的多窗口谱估计

文章提出了一种基于BLUE的多窗口功率谱估计算法。该算法是在无偏估计的约束条件下，使其方差最小化而得到的特征谱的最佳线性组合。通过仿真实例分析得到，与自适应的MTM相比，该算法的计算量大大减小了。由于正弦窗具有解析的表达式，不需要进行特征值分解，并且有良好的统计性能，因此，使用正弦窗的MTM可以进一步降低计算量并改善估计性能。     

柔性关节空间机械臂的自适应滑模控制

探究一类时滞柔性关节空间机械臂鲁棒自适应滑模控制问题。针对该种空间机械臂具有强非线性特点，同时考虑系统的未建模动态与扰动以及时滞影响，提出一种新的鲁棒自适应滑模控制器。基于Lyapunov-Krasovskii泛函和线性矩阵不等式等凸优化方法，给出滑动模态的鲁棒渐近稳定条件，并证明系统状态在有限时间内到达滑模面。最后，三组仿真校验表明了所设计的控制器可行。     

Research on nonlinear model predictive control for turboshaft engines based on double engines torques matching

In order to reach a compromise between fast response control and torques matching control in double turboshaft engines, research on nonlinear model predictive control for turboshaft engines based on double engines torques matching is conducted. Meanwhile, a Nonlinear Model Predictive Control (NMPC) method is proposed, which combines the control index of the power turbine speed with torques matching of double engines creatively. In addition to the control index, the difference of output torques between each engine is also incorporated in the objective function as a penalty term to ensure constant speed control and short torques matching time. Simulation results demonstrate that relative to unilateral torques matching, the settling time of the bidirectional matching method can be reduced by nearly 30.8%. Nevertheless, compared with the bidirectional torques matching method under the cascade PID controller, the NMPC method can decrease the overshoot of the power turbine speed by 65% and reduce the matching time by 15.5% synchronously. Besides fast response control of turboshaft engines, fast torques matching control of double engines is accomplished as well.     

Excitation of electrostatic plasma waves by a moving charged source in a quantum plasma

Within a quantum hydrodynamic model and using the reductive perturbation technique, the nonlinear ion-acoustic wave (IAW) excitations due to a moving charged object in an electron-pair-ion quantum plasma are studied both analytically and numerically. In such quantum plasmas we have derived forced Korteweg-de Vries (fKdV) type equation for finite amplitude nonlinear IAWs. The effect of relevant plasma parameters on solitonic excitations is investigated. Numerical simulation shows the generation of advancing solitons ahead of the forcing term traveling at a faster rate with trailing wakes behind the forcing disturbance. It is found that propagation characteristics of nonlinear excitations are significantly affected by quantum parameter. Additionally, we have pursued our analysis by extending it to account for arbitrary amplitude IA solitons, and derived a system of nonlinear differential equations which are analyzed numerically to study the dynamics. Nonlinear analysis predicts the existence of periodic and quasiperiodic nature of the nonlinear system and reveals that the transition from quasiperiodic to periodic behavior occurs due to the variation of quantum diffraction.     

锁相放大器的校准方法

介绍了锁相放大器的一种校准方法.讨论了锁相放大器的相敏特性、满刻度灵敏度和本机噪声、动态储备、动态范围以及时间常数参数的校准实现方法,结合校准系统对典型参数的测量不确定度进行了评定.     

Surface effects on the free vibration behavior of postbuckled circular higher-order shear deformable nanoplates including geometrical nonlinearity

This investigation deals with the free vibration characteristics of circular higher-order shear deformable nanoplates around the postbuckling configuration incorporating surface effects. Using the Gurtin–Murdoch elasticity theory, a size-dependent higher-order shear deformable plate model is developed which takes account all surface effects including surface elasticity, surface stress and surface density. Geometrical nonlinearity is considered based on the von Karman type nonlinear strain–displacement relationships. Also, in order to satisfy the balance conditions between bulk and surfaces of nanoplate, it is assumed that the normal stress is distributed cubically through the thickness of nanoplate. Hamilton?s principle is utilized to derive non-classical governing differential equations of motion and related boundary conditions. Afterwards, an efficient numerical methodology based on a generalized differential quadrature (GDQ) method is employed to solve numerically the problem so as to discretize the governing partial differential equations along various edge supports using Chebyshev–Gauss–Lobatto grid points and pseudo arc-length continuation technique. A comparison between the results of present non-classical model and those of the classical plate theory is conducted. It is demonstrated that in contrast to the prebuckling domain, for a specified value of axial load in the postbuckling domain, increasing the plate thickness leads to higher frequencies.     

基于Lyapunov稳定性理论的导弹电动舵机控制算法研究

基于Lyapunov稳定性理论,提出了导弹电动舵机的一种自适应控制算法。以Lyapunov稳定性判据为前提,保证算法的稳定性。综合自适应控制算法与经典比例积分微分（PID）控制算法,给出了模型参考自适应控制（MRAC）与分离比例积分（PI）复合控制。仿真结果表明：由该控制算法可在考虑舵机铰链力矩等因素变化条件下,获得到良好的输出跟踪性能和鲁棒性。     

模糊层次分析法在机场备用电源选择中的应用

传统观念认为只有柴油发电机组才适合作机场备用电源，其实国际民航组织并没有对备用电源采用何种设备做出具体限制，备用电源的选择面很广。结合当前新兴的微型燃气轮机发电技术和燃料电池发电技术，采用模糊层次分析法(Fuzzy AHP)，对这三种电源进行综合性能评价，把难以量化的因素数字化，做出了具体的方案排序向量，为设计人员在实际工程中选用备用电源提供了参考。     

同伦方法中辅助映射的影响

简述了同伦方法中解曲线跟踪算法，它是求解非线性问题的一种非常有效的方法，并说明辅助映射的构造形式将影响非线性问题的求解。根据同伦方法的基本思想和求解过程，提出了采用“相似”准则设计辅助映射的方法，即辅助映射要与原映射同类型，使待求函数较为容易地同化变形到辅助映射，同时求到问题的解。该方法已应用于一些实际课题中。效果很好。