Polarization model for discrimination of broad and needle shaped leaves and estimation of LAI using polarization measurements

Method for estimation of Leaf Area Index (LAI) based on polarized radiance measurements is proposed. Leaf angle dependency on LAI estimation can be taken into account by considering polarization characteristics of leaves. Effectiveness of the proposed method is confirmed with the polarized radiance from tealeaves and the other needle leaf types of grasses. Convenient way to monitor quality and amount of leaves with network camera with polarization film is also proposed.     

Development of simultaneous imaging polarimeter for asteroids

We are currently developing a polarimeter to study surface physical properties of asteroids. To enhance polarimetric accuracy and observational efficiency, we newly devised the polarimeter whose measurements can provide the two Stokes parameters Q and U, simultaneously. The test-observations of the prototype polarimeter have been carried out in December 2003 and January 2004, mounted on the 101 cm telescope at Bisei Astronomical Observatory, Okayama, Japan. In the observations, unpolarized and polarized standard stars were observed to measure an instrumental polarization and its uncertainty. As a result, an instrumental polarization of 5.06 ± 0.18% has been measured.     

Polarimetric shapes of spectral lines in solar observations

A century has elapsed since the first observation of the polarimetric profile of a line of the solar spectrum. Since then, dramatic progress has been made in the instrumentation, which is now reaching unprecedented levels of sensitivity in the measurement of polarization signals in solar spectral lines. At the same time, the theoretical framework needed for the interpretation of polarimetric observations has steadily evolved from the pioneering methods, based on simple formulae, to the sophisticated structure that is nowadays used with success in the interpretation of solar observations. The present paper is intended to give a historical perspective of the evolution of this research field and of its major achievements, with particular emphasis on the role played by the magnetic field in determining the polarimetric shapes of spectral lines.     

RS-232、RS-485/USB转换器的最简设计

由于USB总线的诸多优点,以传统的RS-232接口为数据通信通道的外部设备正越来越多地朝着采用USB总线的方向发展,设计一种内置式或外挂式的双向RS-232/USB转换器很有必要。本文重点介绍一种以专用芯片FT8U232AM为转换控制器的最为简洁的RS-232/USB转换器设计方案。     

高速数据采集和CCD数据变换技术

本文讨论的是高速数据采集技术问题,其中重点阐明利用 CCD(电荷耦合器件)作为模拟一数字变换器(ADC)的中间暂存器,把高速变化信号采样后的信息按顺序快速输入 CCD 中暂存起来,供给低速的 ADC 变换,变成二进制数字量。这种利用 CCD 器件采用快入慢出(FISO)工作方式是解决高速模拟量变换成相应数字量的最新技术。它可以把 ADC 变换率提高到100MHz,而成本却提高很小。     

一种用于逐次逼近ADC的低电压高准确度比较器

设计了一种用于逐次逼近结构ADC中的低电压比较器,比较器由前置开关预放器和动态锁存器组成。前置放大器完成对输入信号进行放大,其高增益提高了比较器的准确度,动态锁存器的正反馈提高了比较器的速度。采用了0.6μm CMOS工艺设计,工作于2.5 V单电源电压,通过详细的电路原理分析和软件SMATSPICE的仿真,得到的分析和仿真结果说明该比较器具有速度快、准确度高、功耗小的特点,适用于逐次逼近结构中的低电压模数转换器。     

一种高性能24通道模入数据采集控制卡的设计

介绍了一种基于A／D转换芯片MAXl97的高性能数据采集控制卡的设计方案，列出了它的主要性能参数，并给出了它的具体应用实例。     

矩阵变换器应用于电机系统的研究与进展

矩阵变换器(Matrix converter,MC)是一种直接变换型的交流-交流电力变换装置,具有无电解电容、结构紧凑、功率密度高和恶劣环境条件下适应性强等优点,适用于电机驱动、移动电源和风力发电等场合,因此得到了国内外众多学者的关注。本文主要对MC在电机系统中应用的研究现状进行综述。首先对MC在异步电机、同步电机以及在航空作动器等电机驱动系统中的研究现状进行了评述,然后介绍了MC应用于基于燃气轮机的分布式发电系统和大功率风力发电中的发展现状,最后对MC在工业界的发展情况进行介绍。本文的内容对矩阵变换器的进一步研究及其推广应用具有参考价值。     

新建自激反激变换器方程及其解析解

本文的目的是寻找自激反激变换器运行状态特征参量 (运行频率、磁通密度等 )与设计这种变换器所用的基本物理参量之间的函数关系。所用方法与传统方法不同 ,不用电磁学中定义的电气特征参量L ,而基于磁路参量及磁能密度表征变换器输入能量 ,建立了自激反激变换器运行状态特征参量应满足的方程并得到所需的解析解。这个新的结果不仅使设计这种变换器十分简便 ,而且揭示了这种变换器的许多运行特性 ,其中有些是前所未知、意外且十分重要的     

节能高效数字化兆瓦级风电变流器试验系统

针对现有风电变流器试验系统能量损耗高、试验效率低的问题,提出了一种基于环形功率回馈的试验方法。重点阐述了试验系统的基本原理与结构,并搭建了变流器试验软硬件平台,实现了对变流器各特性参数的自动测试要求。对兆瓦级风电变流器进行了相应的试验,试验结果表明:该系统试验效率优,而且系统操作方便,安全可靠,可实现变流器试验系统的高效节能与数字化。