微秒脉冲等离子体流动控制延迟效应研究

等离子体流动控制(PFC)能有效抑制翼型附面层分离,增加升力,推迟失速,应用前景广阔。流场的延迟效应是指采用PFC进行流动控制时,激励关闭后,流动控制效果仍存在的现象。本文对新型微秒脉冲介质阻挡放电(μs-DBD)的体积力和冲击波特性进行测试,并在此基础上开展风洞实验,进行流场的延迟效应研究,测试μs-DBD的延迟时间和参数影响规律。结果表明,μs-DBD能同时产生体积力和冲击波作用,同时也能在流场中产生明显的延迟效应,延迟时间不小于1200s,远大于毫秒脉冲介质阻挡放电(AC-DBD)产生的延迟时间(150s);激励电压和来流速度越大,翼型迎角越小,延迟效应越强;等离子体激励能使流场失稳分岔,并转变为更优的分岔解;延迟效应研究在节约能耗、延长激励器寿命、PFC控制律设计和风洞实验方法优化等方面有重要意义。     

霍尔电推进离子能量后加载设计及工作特性

典型的全电推进通信卫星通常设计使用寿命约为15年,对霍尔电推力器的使用寿命要求达到了104h量级,因此,长寿命设计技术是影响其能否工程应用的关键技术.简要调研了国内外霍尔推力器延寿技术的发展,分析得到壁面及磁极腐蚀程度是影响推力器寿命的核心物理过程.通过分析推力器放电过程离子加速场的建立过程,提出一种具有离子能量后加载...     

对称结构DBD等离子体激励器改善气膜冷却效率的数值模拟研究

基于等离子体简化唯象模型,采用大涡模拟方法研究了激励强度和电极间距对于对称结构DBD等离子体激励器气膜冷却效率的影响。结果表明:由于等离子体激励的下拉诱导作用和展向动量注入效应,发卡涡的上抛过程受到抑制,壁面附近的展向速度增大,并且诱导产生的反肾形涡对削弱了肾形涡对的强度和尺寸,阻碍了高温主流向冷却射流底部的流动,冷却射流的附壁性和展向扩张能力均增强,气膜冷却效率提高。此外,气膜冷却效率随激励强度的增大而增大,随电极间距的增大而减小。     

微波等离子推力器真空环境工作的微波源研制

为解决微波等离子推力器全系统在真空中进行实验,减少不必要的能量损失,利用开关电源、衰减器和检波器一体化设计技术和液体冷却技术,通过解决微波电子器件在真空中的放电问题,研制出可在大气与真空环境中工作的体积小和质量轻的微波等离子推力器微波源,其输出和反射微波功率可根据磁控管的阳极电流和检波器的输出电压进行测量。对微波源进行调试的结果说明:微波输出功率稳定,和现有同类设备相比,性能得到大幅度提高。配合推力器腔体,在地面和真空下对微波源进行的实验说明,微波源能可靠地工作在地面和真空环境中。     

同轴形微波等离子推力器数值计算

介绍了100W功率同轴形微波等离子推力器(MPT)的系统结构、谐振模式,采用耦合求解Maxwell方程、Saha方程和Navier-Stokes方程的方法,对100W同轴形MPT振腔内的电磁场、等离子体与流场间的耦合问题进行了数值计算并预估了原理实验样机的性能。计算结果表明,100W同轴形MPT结构系统的原理可行,性能较好,有较好的发展前景。      

等离子体激励抑制翼型失速分离的实验研究

进行了低速、低雷诺数条件下等离子体激励抑制NACA0015翼型失速分离的实验研究,研究了等离子体激励电压、激励电极数目和激励位置对流动分离抑制效果的影响.在翼型吸力面敷设不对称电极布局的等离子体激励器.在来流速度为4.27m/s,雷诺数为4.96×104的情况下,未施加等离子体激励时,从攻角为9°起翼型吸力面发生显著的前缘流动分离;施加等离子体激励后,流动分离在攻角小于26°的情况下均能很好地重附到翼型吸力面表面.实验表明,流动分离越严重,对等离子体激励的强度要求也越高,等离子体激励的电压和电极组数也必须相应增大;给定的流动分离状态下,等离子体激励的电压和电极组数存在一个阈值;等离子体激励的最佳位置在流动分离起始点的前缘;雷诺数增大后,流动分离更难抑制.     

脉冲等离子体气动激励抑制翼型吸力面流动分离的实验

 为了提高等离子体气动激励控制附面层的能力,进行了脉冲等离子体气动激励抑制NACA 0015翼型失速分离的实验,研究了等离子体气动激励电压、位置、占空比和脉冲频率等对流动分离抑制效果的影响。在来流速度为72 m/s时,等离子体气动激励可以有效地抑制翼型吸力面的流动分离,翼型的升力增大约35%,翼型的临界失速迎角由18°增大到21°。实验结果表明：分离越严重,来流速度越大,有效抑制翼型失速分离的阈值电压越大;等离子体气动激励的最佳位置在流动分离起始点的前缘;调节占空比,可以在控制效果相当的情况下,降低等离子体气动激励所消耗的功率;当脉冲频率使斯特劳哈尔数等于1时,控制效果最佳。     

The Energetic Particle and Plasma Spectrometer Instrument on the MESSENGER Spacecraft

The Energetic Particle and Plasma Spectrometer (EPPS) package on the MErcury Surface, Space ENvironment, GEochemistry, and Ranging (MESSENGER) mission to Mercury is composed of two sensors, the Energetic Particle Spectrometer (EPS) and the Fast Imaging Plasma Spectrometer (FIPS). EPS measures the energy, angular, and compositional distributions of the high-energy components of the in situ electrons (>20 keV) and ions (>5 keV/nucleon), while FIPS measures the energy, angular, and compositional distributions of the low-energy components of the ion distributions (<50 eV/charge to 20 keV/charge). Both EPS and FIPS have very small footprints, and their combined mass (∼3 kg) is significantly lower than that of comparable instruments.     

Magnetosphere–Ionosphere Convection as a Compound System

Convection is the most fundamental process in understanding the structure of geospace and disturbances observed in the magnetosphere–ionosphere (M–I) system. In this paper, a self-consistent configuration of the global convection system is considered under the real topology as a compound system. Investigations are made based on the M–I coupling scheme by analyzing numerical results obtained from magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations which guarantee the self-consistency in the whole system under the Bv (magnetic field and velocity) paradigm. It is emphasized in the M–I coupling scheme that convection and field-aligned current (FAC) are different aspects of same physical process characterizing the open magnetosphere. Special attention is given in this paper to the energy supplying (dynamo) process that drives the FAC system. In the convection system, the dynamo must be constructed from shear motion together with plasma population regimes to steadily drive the convection. Convection patterns observed in the ionosphere are also the manifestation of achievement in global self-consistency. A primary approach to apply these concepts to the study of geospace is to consider how the M–I system adjusts the relative motion between the compressible magnetosphere and the incompressible ionosphere when responding to given solar-wind conditions. The above principle is also applicable for the study of disturbance phenomena such as the substorm as well as for the study of apparently unique processes such as the flux transfer event (FTE), the sudden commencement (SC), and the theta aurora. Finally, an attempt is made to understand the substorm as the extension of enhanced convection under the southward interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) condition.     

浅析大惯量负载对机电舵系统的影响

随着导弹飞行速度的提高,弹体姿态稳定所需的操纵力矩加大,舵面气动加热效应加剧,舵面的尺寸和惯量势必增加。在电机、传动机构与控制算法确定的前提下,舵面惯量对机电舵系统具有何种影响,成为提高机电舵系统控制要求的关键问题。在搭建的电机—传动机构—负载的三质量模型基础上,从理论及仿真上进行了惯量负载对舵系统的影响分析,并在某机电舵系统上进行了试验验证,为研究大惯量负载机电舵系统提供了理论依据。