多电飞机电气系统关键技术研究

介绍了多电飞机电气系统关键技术的研究现状和发展趋势,阐述了电源系统结构,PSP和ELMC的结构与功能,电源系统BIT技术与容错技术以及电力作动技术等关键技术,并探讨了上述关键技术的设计方案。     

Numerical Investigation of Flow Separation Control on a Highly Loaded Compressor Cascade by Plasma Aerodynamic Actuation

To discover the characteristic of separated flows and mechanism of plasma flow control on a highly loaded compressor cascade, numerical investigation is conducted. The simulation method is validated by oil flow visualization and pressure distribution. The loss coefficients, streamline patterns, and topology structure as well as vortex structure are analyzed. Results show that the numbers of singular points increase and three pairs of additional singular points of topology structure on solid surface generate with the increase of angle of attack, and the total pressure loss increases greatly. There are several principal vortices inside the cascade passage. The pressure side leg of horse-shoe vortex coexists within a specific region together with passage vortex, but finally merges into the latter. Corner vortex exists independently and does not evolve from the suction side leg of horse-shoe vortex. One pair of radial coupling-vortex exists near blade trailing edge and becomes the main part of backflow on the suction surface. Passage vortex interacts with the concentrated shedding vortex and they evolve into a large-scale vortex rotating in the direction opposite to passage vortex. The singular points and separation lines represent the basic separation feature of cascade passage. Plasma actuation has better effect at low freestream velocity, and the relative reductions of pitch-averaged total pressure loss coefficient with different actuation layouts of five and two pairs of electrodes are up to 30.8% and 26.7% while the angle of attack is 2°. Plasma actuation changes the local topology structure, but does not change the number relation of singular points. One pair of additional singular point of topology structure generates with plasma actuation and one more reattachment line appears, both of which break the separation line on the suction surface.     

功率组件基于等离子清洗的免钎剂真空软钎焊技术

为解决功率电子产品中陶瓷电路板与热沉载体功率组件焊接效率低、空洞率高等问题,对焊接过程中的焊料类型,真空度以及空洞率进行了研究,提出了一种新的免钎剂真空焊接方法。研究结果表明,使用等离子清洗的焊片可显著提高抽真空速率,并减少气泡,降低空洞率;采用新焊接方法得到的试样空洞率低、焊接效率高、质量一致性好,可用于高可靠性功率电子产品中。     

等离子体诊断中扫描电压源的研制

详细叙述了扫描电压源的硬件和软件组成,并通过采用PCI-6251数据采集卡、PA93功率放大电路和虚拟仪器软件LabVIEW及工控机相结合, 突破了关键技术,成功研制了一套扫描电压源并应用于等离子体诊断,使整个测试过程非常快, 可以在秒级的时间内完成, 相对于手动测试,该实验得到的数据更为精确, 实时获得了等离子体的伏安(I-V)特性曲线和数据处理结果。     

L、S频段电磁波在等离子体中衰减实验研究

利用低气压辉光放电原理在地面产生大面积、长时间稳定持续的可控等离子体,在此基础上进行了L、S频段的电波传播衰减实验,在实验室环境下持续再现了“黑障”现象,并获得了1.57GHz和2.49GHz电磁波衰减量随等离子电子密度变化的规律。将实验数据与经典传播理论以及薄层理论的预期值对比,结果表明：电波的衰减趋势与经典理论预期基本相符,验证了本文所提出的新实验方法的有效性;在等离子厚度约为波长的1倍与1.5倍条件下,未观测到明显的薄层效应。     

Numerical research on airfoil transition delay by alternative current dielectric barrier discharge actuation

A Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) plasma actuator can create a body force which locally accelerates the base flow leading to an attenuation of broadband disturbance to delay the transition. In this study, numerical simulation on an NLF0416 airfoil is conducted to investigate transition delay and drag reduction by a DBD plasma actuator. To simulate plasma’s effect more accurately, boundary-layer data is acquired from Reynolds Averaged Navier Stocks (RANS) equations instead of laminar boundary layer equations, although RANS equations need a much finer boundary-layer grid, and the linear stability analysis method is used to analyze the boundary layer and get the transition point. In this study, the influences of different actuation intensities and positions are investigated, and results show that if the actuation intensity is stronger and the actuation position is closer to the base transition point, more drag reduction can be obtained. However, the efficiency of plasma transition delay is really low. For example, when the actuation voltage is 16 kV, the actuation frequency is 1 kHz, and the main Mach number is 0.1, the saved power due to drag reduction is about 5.09 W, but the power consumed is about 32.61 W, and the efficiency is just 15.6%.     

等离子体接触器对空间站充放电的影响

针对采用100V高压电池阵的空间站结构体带电现象,提出采用等离子体接触器进行主动电位控制方案,根据此方案建立包含接触器的空间站充放电等效电路模型,研究等离子体接触器对空间站充放电过程的影响及空间站结构因素对接触器钳位效果的影响,从而了解等离子体接触器与空间站悬浮电位的耦合特性。结果表明,无论空间站处于“快速充电”还是“正常充电”情况,等离子体接触器均能有效将空间站悬浮电位钳制在合理范围内。空间站结构因素中,电池阵暴露导体面积对接触器钳位过程影响较大,结构体暴露导体面积和结构体等效电容的影响可忽略。     

磁窗天线增强等离子体鞘套透波特性研究

当飞行器以高超声速在大气层中飞行时,周围形成的等离子体鞘套将影响电磁波的传播特性,严重时传输完全中断(黑障).外加强磁场可以形成“磁窗”,有效地增强右旋圆极化电磁波在等离子体鞘套中传播时的透波特性,但是在产生磁窗过程中(例如使用超导产生磁窗)有一系列的问题如磁体的重量和复杂性等需要克服.为解决这一问题,提出了天线和强永磁体一体化综合设计的新思路——磁窗天线.设计出一种圆极化GPS天线,它的表面贴片为对磁场影响很小的镀铜片,接地板为稀土永磁体NdFeB(钕铁硼),永磁体同时也做为强磁场的发生装置.分析了圆极化GPS天线的性能和周围磁感应强度的分布,估算了磁窗天线减缓通信中断的效果,在所研究的情况下,使用磁窗天线可以显著地提高等离子体鞘套的透波特性.     

基于路由转发技术的GNC系统驱动控制方法

为满足火星探测任务自主管理需求和高可靠性要求,设计了一种深空探测用空间探测器GNC系统的自闭环驱动控制方法,采用路由转发技术,实现对GNC系统中的各单机配电控制、实时数据采集与传输以及阀门驱动控制。相较于传统的驱动控制方式,该方法能够有效减少GNC计算机端的资源消耗,增强GNC系统的自闭环性,并降低系统装置间的电缆连接复杂度。     

Probing afternoon detached aurora and high-latitude trough based on DMSP observations

The present work displays the observations of an afternoon detached aurora along with ionospheric high-latitude trough. The event was observed by DMSP F17 on 19 September 2014. The afternoon detached aurora was isolated from the auroral oval and was located between 12:00–18:00 magnetic local time (MLT) and 65–70° geomagnetic latitude (MLAT). Particle observations indicate that the afternoon detached aurora was produced by energetic ring current ions with energies above ~10 keV where the main ion energy was likely to be above the upper limit of DMSP measurement (~30 keV). Magnetometer observation from the ground implies that the energetic ions were likely scattered by EMIC waves. Both the detached aurora and the auroral oval are found to be well inside the high-latitude trough with MLAT between ~64° and ~76° (68–80° GLAT). The auroral oval corresponds to a westward (sunward) plasma drift. It is expected that the westward drift transports the low-density plasma in the nightside toward the dayside, leading to the high-latitude trough formation. The afternoon detached aurora was well equatorward of the high-latitude trough, and the corresponding plasma drift was nearly zero. The plasma associated with the detached aurora is expected to be stagnant, and broaden the high-latitude trough equatorward.