一种基于盲同态解卷积的SAR成像自聚焦算法

针对大气扰动及飞行平台不稳引起机载合成孔径雷达(SAR)图像散焦的问题,提出了一种新的自聚焦算法来估算运动误差。该算法是基于运动误差函数及场景散射函数平滑特性的差异来进行估计的,利用复对数变换将图像的幅度与相位信息分离,进而分别对相位及幅度信息进行处理。运动误差通常为慢变函数,而场景的散射信息具有某种随机特性。因此,经过复对数变换后,运动误差及散射信息可以通过滤波器进行分离,将相位中的随机噪声去除,从而保留了慢变的运动误差函数。为了去除噪声信息,需要建立一个平滑滤波器,利用Daubechies小波的尺度函数构造Riesz基向量,从而建立了正交子空间,通过所建立信号子空间及噪声子空间组建平滑滤波器,最终可以获得准确的运动误差。在实验部分,分别利用仿真数据及实测数据对本文方法进行验证,最终结果分析表明该方法具有很高的估计精度及执行效率。     

电火花表面强化TC4 钛合金的组织与性能

以石墨为电极,分别在煤油和雾介质中对TC4钛合金(表面分别未涂覆及涂覆碳层)进行电火花表面强化.对强化层微观组织、相组成及显微硬度进行了研究.结果表明,所有强化层组织均呈菊花瓣状.合金表面涂覆碳层后强化层表面球状碳化物数量都较未涂覆时明显增加,且在煤油介质中得到的强化层中碳化物在花瓣边缘处聚集,雾介质条件下碳化物分布更为弥散、均匀.对强化层进行物相分析表明,强化相由电极C和基体Ti原位反应生成,强化层由基体α-Ti和TiC相组成.强化层表面显微硬度较原始TC4钛合金相比大幅提高,雾介质中得到的强化层显微硬度值与煤油介质中基本相同,可达800 MPa左右,但分布更为均匀,力学性能更稳定.     

一种1MHz高准确度交流电阻分压器的设计研究

本文主要探讨一种高准确度、多量程交流电阻分压器的原理、设计与校准,研究电压范围0.5V～600V、频率高达1MHz的交流电阻分压器,实现在现有技术基础上交流电压比例计量量程的扩展与应用.并通过宽频交流电压信号采样测量技术与同步采样触发技术,将分压器后端阻抗匹配增益缓冲放大器,实现对该高准确度交流分压器的校准测试.经测试...     

Simulation of mass and heat transfer in liquid hydrogen tanks during pressurizing

In order to accurately predict the heat and mass transfer behaviors and analyze key factors affecting pressurization process in the hydrogen tank, a comprehensive 2 D axial symmetry Volume-Of-Fluid(VOF) model is established by Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD) method.The effects of phase change, turbulence and mass diffusion are included in the model and relationships between physical properties and temperature are also comprehensively considered. The phase change model is based on Hertz-Knudsen equation and the mass transfer time relaxation factor is determined by the NASA's experimental data. The mass diffusion model is included in gaseous helium pressurizing. The key factors including the inlet temperature, inlet mass flow rate, injector types and pressurizing gas kinds are quantitatively analyzed. Compared with the experiment, the simulation results show that the deviation of pressurizing gas mass consumption, condensing mass and ullage temperature are 3.0%, 7.5% and 4.0% respectively. The temperature stratification is existed along the axial direction in the surface liquid region and the ullage region, and the bulk liquid is in subcooled state during pressurizing. The location of phase change mainly appears near the vapor–liquid interface, and the mass transfer expressing as condensation or vaporization is mainly determined by the heat convection and molecular concentration near the vapor–liquid interface.The key factors show that increasing the inlet temperature and inlet mass flow rate could shorten the pressurizing time interval and save the pressurizing gas mass. The proportion of the total energy addition of the tank absorbed by the ullage region, the liquid region and the tank wall respectively is greatly influenced by the injector types and more heat transferred into the ullage would result in a faster pressure rising rate. Gaseous hydrogen pressurization has a higher efficiency than gaseous helium pressurization. The simulation results presented in this paper can be used as a reference for design optimization of the pressurization systems of cryogenic liquid launch vehicles so as to save the mass of pressurizing gases and shorten the pressurizing time interval.     

基于小波变换的GPS载波相位周跳检测与修复

载波相位周跳检测与修复是实现GPS高精度定位的难点之一。小波变换具有空间局部性好的特点,本文利用小波变换把载波相位观测量分解为高频和低频分量,提出了利用小波系数局部极值点检测相位周跳的方法。基于载波相位和多普勒频率共同约束的埃尔米特多项式,外推周跳时刻载波相位,与观测值比较确定周跳的大小,从而修复周跳。利用飞机实际观测数据和仿真的高动态数据进行了计算,给出了计算结果,表明该方法可以对高动态情况下载波相位周跳进行准确探测和修复。     

导航卫星载波相位模糊度自主解算方法

当有4颗以上导航卫星同步观测航天器(卫星、导弹)时,本文提出应用自主定位和自校准技术来自主解算导航卫星载波相位整周模糊度的方法,并以此获取航天器的高精度飞行轨道。     

一种基于多重相关法的相位差测量方法

研究了一种新的测量正弦信号相位差的方法,就是利用正弦信号的特殊性质,通过多次信号的自相关和互相关运算,能够检测信噪比很低的两路正弦信号之间的相位差,分别讨论了信号的信噪比,取样点数,A/ D的量化位数对测量结果的影响,并给出了具体的仿真结果。实验表明这种方法能有效的提取出被噪音严重污染的信号的相位差,而且算法简单,物理意义明确,精度却可以满足工程的要求。     

基于频谱分析仪的相位噪声测量探讨

利用频谱分析仪测量相位噪声虽然操作方便、成本低,但是在测量过程中有诸多不确定因素,本文对这些因素进行分析梳理,为测试人员提供一种分析方法。     

高稳晶振在空间辐照条件下的频率特性变化

在空间恶劣环境下要求星载高稳晶振正常有效地工作,需要对其在空间辐照环境下的频率特性变化进行研究,利用地面辐照设备模拟空间辐照环境,通过不断增加辐照剂量,研究晶振相位噪声、短期频率稳定度、谐杂波以及输出功率等特性。     

基于多重相关法的正弦信号初相检测方法

分析了基于多重相关法的微弱正弦信号检测理论,并提出了一种新的正弦信号初相检测新方法。通过对原始信号进行多重自相关运算得到信噪比高,初相为零的参考信号,对参考信号和原始信号做互相关运算和自相关运算,通过解析求解即可提取原始正弦信号的初相信息,不需要知道原始正弦信号频率及幅度,尤其适合低信噪比下未知频率的正弦信号的初相估计,算法简单,准确度可以满足工程要求,具有一定的实用价值。