基于负载变化的超声振子电学性能试验研究

针对超声波加工中振幅衰减和振幅不稳定现象,通过超声振子的静态加载试验,分析了轴向与径向加工负载力对超声振子电学特性的影响规律,以及超声振子电学参数的变化对超声振幅的影响机制。结果表明,超声振子的电学参数在径向负载力与轴向负载力的影响下有相似的变化趋势,即超声振子谐振频率与动态电阻随着负载力的增加而单向增大,动态电感与动态电容有相反的变化趋势,二者的综合效果使谐振频率随着负载力的增加而增大,静态电容在一定范围内波动,当超声振子所受的负载力增大到一定值时,超声振子的低频谐振点会消失。依据理论分析与试验研究结果,提出了改善振幅衰减和振幅不稳定现象的措施。     

Flow field design and process stability in electrochemical machining of diamond holes

The metal grille, commonly composed of an amount of diamond holes, has been grow-ingly used as a key structure on stealth aircraft. Electrochemical machining (ECM) promises to be increasingly applied in aircraft manufacturing on the condition that process stability is guaranteed. In this work, a flow field model was designed to improve the process stability. This model is endowed with a variety of flow channel features, together with vibrating feeding modes. The flow field distribution on the bottom surface of the diamond hole was discussed and evaluated as well. The numerical results show that a short arc flow channel could significantly enhance the uniformity of electrolyte velocity distribution and a vibrating feeding of the cathode enables to reduce both fluctuations of the electrolyte velocity and pressure on the bottom surface of the diamond hole. Consequently, the flow field mutations were eliminated. It is verified from the experimental results that a short arc flow channel, when combined with vibrating feeding, is capable of improving machining localization and process stability markedly. What is more, the side gap on the bottom surface of the diamond hole could also be reduced by the abovementioned approach.     

被动阻尼减振技术及数控加工应用

切削颤振导致工件加工表面质量恶化、切削效率降低以及刀具磨损加剧等系列危害.抑制颤振对航空制造业实现高质、高效加工有重要意义,尤其是在薄壁件加工时.作为工程领域振动抑制的一种重要方法,被动阻尼减振技术实施简单、效果明显、可靠性较高,在切削领域的应用正逐渐得到重视.     

纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料加工技研究展

纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料具有高熔点、低密度、耐腐蚀、抗烧蚀以及抗氧化等一系列优点,被列为新一代高温热结构材料的发展重点,在航空、航天、能源等领域具有极大的应用前景.但纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料具有硬度大的特点,其加工是一个难点,主要对纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料的传统加工工艺和特种加工工艺及其研究进展进行了介绍,并对纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料的加工工艺的发展趋势作了展望.     

H型动压气体轴承轴套端面平面度制造误差分析

针对H型动压气体轴承端面平面度指标问题,从轴承端面研磨的定位夹具、工艺方法入手,分析了研磨工艺方法对端面平面度带来系统误差,并根据加工时的装配状态及操作方法,提出了改进措施,从而达到进一步提高平面度指标的目的.     

液体火箭发动机喷管收扩段的数控加工工艺研究

液体火箭发动机中，喷管收扩段是一个关键零件，数控加工工艺方法和程序编制方法非常复杂，国内外均在该方面有所研究。本文简述了喷管收扩段的数控加工工艺和程序编制方法以及在程序编制过程中建立的数学模型，并在通用的数控铣加工中心上实现了该零件的数控加工。     

Simulation and experimental investigation on a dynamic lateral flow mode in trepanning electrochemical machining

An appropriate flow mode of electrolyte has a positive effect on process efficiency, surface roughness, and machining accuracy in the electrochemical machining(ECM) process. In this study, a new dynamic lateral flow mode, in which the electrolyte flows from the leading edge to the trailing edge, was proposed in trepanning ECM of a diffuser. Then a numerical model of the channel was set up and simulated by using computational fluid dynamics software. The result showed that the distribution of the flow field was comparatively uniform in the inter-electrode gap. Furthermore, a fixture was designed to realize this new flow mode and then corresponding experiments were carried out. The experimental results illustrated that the feeding rate of the cathode reached 2 mm/min, the best taper angle was about 0.4°, and the best surface roughness was up to Ra= 0.115 lm. It reflects that this flow mode is suitable and effective, and can also be applied to machining other complex structures in trepanning ECM.     

利用OpenGL显示叶轮造型及模拟加工

分析了OpenGL编程原理以及OpenGL与Windows图形设备接口GDI之间的关系,介绍了OpenGL进行叶轮造型显示及虚拟加工的应用方法.     

随形固定自适应夹具加工变形控制方法

叶片的加工精度及其稳定性对航空发动机的性能有直接的影响,由于叶片的薄壁和曲率多变特点,易受装夹、切削力和残余应力的影响而产生弯曲、扭转变形。针对该问题,本文提出了一种随形固定自适应夹具加工变形控制方法,可以将叶片无应力装夹,并将加工过程中产生的变形逐层消除。实验结果表明,采用随性固定自适应夹具加工变形控制方法,可以有效控制叶片加工过程中产生的变形,提高加工精度。     

微纳米表面和表层的完整性评价方法

随着精密加工技术,测量和分析手段,及计算机科学的深入发展,对微纳米表面和表层完整性的评价日趋强烈.本文概括性地初步探讨了表面完整性评价时涉及到的具体评价性能和检测方法,并对几种常用的表面性能的检测方法和仪器进行了综述.