Identification of the state-space model and payload mass parameter of a flexible space manipulator using a recursive subspace tracking method

The on-orbit parameter identification of a space structure can be used for the modification of a system dynamics model and controller coefficients. This study focuses on the estimation of a system state-space model for a two-link space manipulator in the procedure of capturing an unknown object, and a recursive tracking approach based on the recursive predictor-based subspace identification (RPBSID) algorithm is proposed to identify the manipulator payload mass parameter. Structural rigid motion and elastic vibration are separated, and the dynamics model of the space manipulator is linearized at an arbitrary working point (i.e., a certain manipulator configuration). The state-space model is determined by using the RPBSID algorithm and matrix transformation. In addition, utilizing the identified system state-space model, the manipulator payload mass parameter is estimated by extracting the corresponding block matrix. In numerical simulations, the presented parameter identification method is implemented and compared with the classical algebraic algorithm and the recursive least squares method for different payload masses and manipulator configurations. Numerical results illustrate that the system state-space model and payload mass parameter of the two-link flexible space manipulator are effectively identified by the recursive subspace tracking method.     

人机协作中人的动作终点预测

为实现安全高效的人机协作（HRC）,需要机器人及时对人的动作做出预测,从而积极主动地辅助人工作。为解决在HRC装配场景中机器人对人的动作终点预测问题,提出了一种基于长短时记忆（LSTM）网络的动作终点预测方法。在训练阶段,用人的动作序列与对应的动作终点组成的样本训练LSTM网络,构建动作序列与动作终点之间的映射。在应用阶段,根据人的动作的初始部分对动作终点提前做出预测。通过在装配场景中,对人抓取工具或零件的动作终点进行预测,验证了所提方法的有效性。在观测到50%的动作片段时,预测准确率达到80%以上。      

基于朴素贝叶斯分类器的空中红外目标抗干扰识别方法研究

红外诱饵对抗技术的发展使得空战环境日益复杂化,对红外成像制导空空导弹抗干扰目标识别技术提出了更高的要求。红外诱饵的投放使得目标特征的完整性、显著性及稳定性遭到破坏,基于特征融合匹配的统计模式识别方法无法准确识别目标。提出了一种基于朴素贝叶斯分类器的抗干扰目标识别方法,该方法对空战对抗仿真图像数据集进行了特征挖掘,利用实验拟合方法构建了典型特征的概率密度函数模型,构造了朴素贝叶斯分类器,实现了飞机目标和干扰的分类识别。仿真实验结果表明,该方法在已测试的弹道图像数据集下的平均识别正确率达到了81.82%,且能够解决假目标、目标遮挡等抗干扰目标的识别难题。     

弹道中段目标质心位置估计

 质心在目标上的位置是弹道中段目标的重要进动特征,也是目标的质量分布特征,可用于识别弹头和诱饵.针对旋转对称目标,提出了基于窄带雷达回波相位特性的质心位置估计方法.首先,选取目标对称轴上的任意点作为质心位置参考点,定义相应的质心位置参数,并构造以该点为相位参考中心的全姿态散射系数模板;然后,对窄带雷达回波采样序列进行相位匹配变换,搜索匹配函数的最大值,从而得到质心位置参数的估计值.仿真结果表明了该方法的有效性.     

基于改进瞬时频率的PSK信号脉内特征提取

针对瞬时频率法提取相位编码信号脉内特征参数易受噪声影响的问题,提出了一种综合对称相关函数与瞬时频率法的新处理方法。利用信号的对称相关函数抑制噪声,对信号的瞬时自相关相位进行无模糊重构获得信号的瞬时频率,根据瞬时频率特征提取脉内特征参数。仿真结果验证了该方法的有效性。     

Detection of sub-kilometer craters in high resolution planetary images using shape and texture features

Counting craters is a paramount tool of planetary analysis because it provides relative dating of planetary surfaces. Dating surfaces with high spatial resolution requires counting a very large number of small, sub-kilometer size craters. Exhaustive manual surveys of such craters over extensive regions are impractical, sparking interest in designing crater detection algorithms (CDAs). As a part of our effort to design a CDA, which is robust and practical for planetary research analysis, we propose a crater detection approach that utilizes both shape and texture features to identify efficiently sub-kilometer craters in high resolution panchromatic images. First, a mathematical morphology-based shape analysis is used to identify regions in an image that may contain craters; only those regions - crater candidates - are the subject of further processing. Second, image texture features in combination with the boosting ensemble supervised learning algorithm are used to accurately classify previously identified candidates into craters and non-craters. The design of the proposed CDA is described and its performance is evaluated using a high resolution image of Mars for which sub-kilometer craters have been manually identified. The overall detection rate of the proposed CDA is 81%, the branching factor is 0.14, and the overall quality factor is 72%. This performance is a significant improvement over the previous CDA based exclusively on the shape features. The combination of performance level and computational efficiency offered by this CDA makes it attractive for practical application.     

基于概念空间学习认知的机器人目标识别方法

针对复杂环境中机器人多类目标识别通常所依托的原始特征空间中数据区分度低、难以直接表达高层次特征知识的挑战性问题,采用概念空间知识表达方法,通过多传感器数据融合与特征提取建立基本特征空间,并运用高斯混合模型表示目标的各种属性,形成具有高层知识特性的概念空间,在此基础上进行高层知识的概念学习,增强多类目标在概念空间中的可区分性.利用支持向量机作为机器人的分类器,实现针对室内环境的多类目标物体的准确识别.实验结果表明:该方法不但有效地获取和表达待识别目标的高层特征知识,而且能有效提高机器人的目标识别与环境感知能力,展现出优越的分类识别性能.     

基于平滑滤波与最小二乘支持向量机的指纹图像识别研究

平滑滤波能抑制或消除噪声,获得高质量的图像。建立了完整的指纹识别系统,通过预处理、特征提取和分类识别3个过程,实现了指纹的分类识别;研究了预处理过程中的滤波增强方法,比较了邻域平均、高斯平滑和中值滤波的处理效果;在识别阶段采用最小二乘支持向量机,进行指纹识别实验,并对实验结果进行了比较。     

ACM信道化滤波器设计中的陷波问题分析研究

针对按照ACM(Adjacent Channel Merging)条件生成和信道滤波器存在陷波现象的问题,对和信道滤波器的频率响应进行了推导分析,提出了低通原型滤波器阶数必须为划分的子信道数偶数倍的附加条件从根本上消除了和信道的陷波现象;并在此基础上提出了先设计和信道滤波器再直接逆推出低通原型的设计方法,计算机仿真结果表明,与原有的基于单参数优化的迭代搜索算法相比,该方法能更好地控制和信道的滤波性能,保证和信道与子信道滤波性能的一致性,且计算过程无需迭代更为简单高效。
     

基于HRRP统计模型的目标识别

通过对高分辨距离像（HRRP）方位敏感性和距离单元散射点类型的分析,锥体目标的HRRP距离单元的幅度起伏在一定角度内可采用Gamma和Gaussian统计模型来描述。详细描述了基于平均距离像模板和基于Gamma和Gaussian统计模型的目标识别方法。通过实测数据比较了三种目标识别方法的识别率和实时性等性能。