战斗机大迎角/过失速机动下的进气道气动特性

为掌握战斗机在大迎角和过失速机动飞行时进气道的稳、动态气动特性,采用基于动态嵌套网格的非定常雷诺平均Navier-Stokes （URANS）方程和大迎角风洞试验方法对某战斗机进行了研究,并通过大迎角和过失速机动飞行试验进行了验证。结果表明：大迎角稳态下进气道气动性能随迎角增大逐渐降低,天地相关性吻合良好,而计算仿真和飞行试验均捕捉了眼镜蛇机动下进气道的非定常迟滞效应。通过研究获得了战斗机在大迎角和过失速机动下的进气道气动特性,建立了过失速机动下进气道非定常非线性特性问题的研究方法。     

基于最优控制的高超螺旋俯冲轨迹设计

针对高超声速飞行器在俯冲阶段的突防与制导问题,提出了一种基于最优控制的螺旋俯冲轨迹设计方法。首先,根据二阶视线角加速度相对运动方程强耦合、非线性的特点,引入了反馈线性化技术,将非线性系统转化成了线性系统;其次,为了让飞行器实现对目标的期望角度打击,在状态方程中引入了终端落角约束项。然后,以零化视线角速率和使消耗能量最小为目标,采用最优控制得到了加速度形式的控制输入。接着,为了让飞行器在空间内进行螺旋机动,设计了螺旋加速度控制飞行器速度矢量可绕瞬时视线轴进行旋转;最后,考虑到机动与制导的冲突,设计了高度函数使得最优与螺旋两种信号进行匹配。仿真结果显示,在面对相同的防空威胁时,与基于比例螺旋的轨迹相比,本文设计的俯冲轨迹具有更好的突防效果。     

基于差分进化算法的导航星座在轨重构构型设计

针对有卫星失效下的导航星座,提出了对在轨卫星进行相位机动的方法来对星座的空间构型进行重构,以实现修复和改善星座性能的目的。首先,利用共面高轨和共面低轨变相的方式来对在轨卫星的相位进行调整,建立共面轨道相位机动的数学模型;其次,提出了除重构时间和重构能量外的其他重构指标,包括重构能量均衡度和重构构型恢复性,并建立了各重构指标的数学模型;然后,建立了重构构型的优化模型,并对优化问题中个体的评价手段与编码方式进行设计;最后,以北斗中MEO卫星失效为例,利用差分进化算法对优化模型进行求解,得到以不同重构指标为目标函数下的Pareto前沿。从结果中可以看出该重构方法对星座性能的提升最大可以达到41.2%,同时Pareto前沿中对应的所有重构策略中,重构能量、重构构型的均衡度、重构构型的健壮性的数量级均维持在-1、-3和0的水平。     

带落角约束的末端机动Terminal滑模导引律设计

为了提高反舰导弹的突防概率,有效规避敌方舰空导弹的拦截,并且实现反舰导弹按预定方向精确打击目标的战术要求,首先,基于弹目之间的三维相对运动模型,应用Terminal滑模控制理论,设计了一种带有落角约束的变结构导引律;然后,通过叠加虚拟干扰的方法,在原来导引律基础上叠加了一虚拟干扰,此虚拟干扰不影响导引律的渐进稳定性,不...     

直升机急拉杆机动飞行仿真建模与验证

 针对直升机大机动飞行仿真,建立了一个非线性的飞行动力学模型,考虑了翼型非定常/动态失速、机动飞行引起的动态尾迹畸变、桨叶弹性变形效应和发动机动态特性。采用基于有限元分析的挥舞-摆振-扭转耦合的弹性桨叶模型,并利用一种新的数值方法将旋翼/机体耦合运动方程表示为显式形式,整个飞行动力学模型表示为状态空间格式。以UH-60A直升机在高速飞行条件下的急拉杆机动飞行为例进行仿真计算,并与飞行试验数据进行对比验证。分析表明,仿真结果与试验结果吻合,高速飞行条件下机体抬头过程中前行桨叶非定常气动载荷的计算误差是引起旋翼和机体运动仿真误差的主要原因。     

航天器轨道控制系统的智能设计方法与仿真

本文介绍了将智能控制方法用于航天器交会对接段的轨道控制。通过建立系统的特征模型、知识库、数据库和规则库并且构造出相应的推理机构和控制逻辑,为航天器的轨道控制过程设计了一种专家式智能控制器。仿真结果表明了此系统具有较好的跟踪性能。     

Halo轨道转移及中途修正问题研究(英文)

This article addresses the design of the trajectory transferring from Earth to Halo orbit, and proposes a timing closed-loop strategy of correction maneuver during the transfer in the frame of circular restricted three body problem （CR3BP）. The relation between the Floquet multipliers and the magnitudes of Halo orbit is established, so that the suitable magnitude for the aerospace mission is chosen in terms of the stability of Halo orbit. The stable manifold is investigated from the Poincar6 mapping defined which is different from the previous researches, and six types of single-impulse transfer trajectories are attained from the geometry of the invariant manifolds. Based on one of the trajectories of indirect transfer which are ignored in the most of literatures, the stochastic control theory for imperfect information of the discrete linear stochastic system is applied to design the trajectory correction maneuver. The statistical dispersion analysis is performed by Monte-Carlo simulation,     

太阳同步(准)回归轨道卫星的轨道保持方法研究

文中使用解析方法对太阳同步 (准 )回归轨道卫星动力学特性进行了研究 ,分析了非球摄动、大气阻力摄动和太阳引力谐振等主要摄动因素对太阳同步 (准 )回归轨道卫星的影响 ,并以此为依据对太阳同步 (准 )回归轨道卫星的轨道保持方法进行了探讨。定量分析结果表明 ,该方法切实可行 ,可以为轨道设计和轨道控制研究工作提供参考。     

Automatic orbital docking with tumbling target using sliding mode control

The present study aimed to propose translational and rotational control of a chaser spacecraft in the close vicinity docking phase with a target subjected to external disturbances. For this purpose, two sliding mode controls (SMC) are developed to coordinate the relative position and attitude of two spacecraft. The chaser is guided to the tumbling target by the relative position control, approaching in the direction of the target docking port. At the same moment, the relative attitude control coordinates the chaser attitude so that it can be aligned with the target orientation. These control systems regulate the relative translational and rotational velocities to be zero when two spacecraft are docking. The robustness of the closed-loop system in the presence of external disturbances, measurement noises and uncertainties is guaranteed by analyzing and calculating the control gains via the Lyapunov function. The simulations in different scenarios indicated the effectiveness of the controller scheme and precise maneuver regarding the accuracy of docking conditions.     

Tangent-impulse transfer from elliptic orbit to an excess velocity vector

The two-body orbital transfer problem from an elliptic parking orbit to an excess veloc-ity vector with the tangent impulse is studied. The direction of the impulse is constrained to be aligned with the velocity vector, then speed changes are enough to nullify the relative velocity. First, if one tangent impulse is used, the transfer orbit is obtained by solving a single-variable function about the true anomaly of the initial orbit. For the initial circular orbit, the closed-form solution is derived. For the initial elliptic orbit, the discontinuous point is solved, then the initial true anomaly is obtained by a numerical iterative approach; moreover, an alternative method is proposed to avoid the singularity. There is only one solution for one-tangent-impulse escape trajectory. Then, based on the one-tangent-impulse solution, the minimum-energy multi-tangent-impulse escape trajectory is obtained by a numerical optimization algorithm, e.g., the genetic method. Finally, several examples are provided to validate the proposed method. The numerical results show that the minimum-energy multi-tangent-impulse escape trajectory is the same as the one-tangent-impulse trajectory.