Excavation of artificial caverns inside asteroids by leveraging rotational self-energy

Future space ventures will likely require exploitation of near-Earth asteroid resources. Moreover, it can be envisaged that asteroids may host habitats in their interiors. In fact, a cavern inside an asteroid would be a natural radiation shield against cosmic radiation and may also serve as a confined environment for storage of mined material such as water ice or other processed volatiles such as propellants. To this end, this paper proposes to leverage the asteroid rotational self-energy to remove material from the asteroid interiors and create a spherical cavern, by means of the orbital siphon concept. The siphon is a chain of tether-connected payload masses (the asteroid material), which exploits the rotation of the asteroid for the delivery of mass from the asteroid to escape. Under certain conditions the siphon can be initiated to ensure self-sustained flow of mass from the asteroid to escape. A net orbital siphon effect is generated by connecting new payloads at the bottom of the chain while releasing the upper payloads. Key parameters are discussed, such as the required siphon dimension and the maximum size of the internal cavity that can be excavated, as a function of the asteroid rotational period. Moreover, assuming elastic material behaviour, a closed-form expression for the stress tensor is found and a failure criterion is used to identify regions in the asteroid interiors subjected to the larger stresses. It is shown that the conditions for failure are relaxed as the radius of the internal void increases.     

Orbital stability close to asteroid 624 Hektor using the polyhedral model

We investigate the orbital stability close to the unique L4-point Jupiter binary Trojan asteroid 624 Hektor. The gravitational potential of 624 Hektor is calculated using the polyhedron model with observational data of 2038 faces and 1021 vertexes. Previous studies have presented three different density values for 624 Hektor. The equilibrium points in the gravitational potential of 624 Hektor with different density values have been studied in detail. There are five equilibrium points in the gravitational potential of 624 Hektor no matter the density value. The positions, Jacobian, eigenvalues, topological cases, stability, as well as the Hessian matrix of the equilibrium points are investigated. For the three different density values the number, topological cases, and the stability of the equilibrium points with different density values are the same. However, the positions of the equilibrium points vary with the density value of the asteroid 624 Hektor. The outer equilibrium points move away from the asteroid’s mass center when the density increases, and the inner equilibrium point moves close to the asteroid’s mass center when the density increases. There exist unstable periodic orbits near the surface of 624 Hektor. We calculated an orbit near the primary’s equatorial plane of this binary Trojan asteroid; the results indicate that the orbit remains stable after 28.8375?d.     

八丝热线探针制作及其应用

介绍了八丝热线探针的制作工艺,有效地消除了各热丝探头之间的电信号干扰和动力学干扰。实验中使用该探针检测到了湍流边界层内的大尺度旋涡,并测量了它们的强度和尺度。与此同时还获得了速度、湍流强度和功率谱等流场参数,结果与现有典型数据一致。说明本文所述的多丝热线探针具有很强的实用性。     

8mm辐射计特性参数测试及定标

文中简介了小口径天线毫米波辐射计定标系统的设计原理、结构、输出亮温的计算模型 ,研究了从液氮温度到室温范围内进行多点定标的方法 ,并对 8mm辐射计进行了特性参数测试及定标实验 ,得出了微波辐射计的定标方程和灵敏度、线性度、稳定度以及积分时间等指标。在该系统上按给定的程序进行定标 ,精度为 1 .0 6K。     

智能控制大功率氨压机制冷系统

本文将模糊控制、神经元控制等智能控制技术成功地应用于大型活塞式氨压机制冷系统，实现了恒转矩负载的变频调速节能。实际运行结果证明，该智能控制的大功率氨压机制冷系统工作稳定、控制精度高、节能效果显著，具有很好的经济效益及推广应用价值。     

FY-1C/D极轨气象卫星及其在轨运行

简要说明了风云一号(FY-1)极轨气象卫星的总体情况。介绍了FY-1C星运行5年。D星运行2年后的测控、电源、热控、敖传、扫描辐射计和星载数据收集与分发(DCDS)分系统、有效载荷空间粒子成分监测器。以及姿控和星载计算机的在轨运行情况。在轨测试结果表明，两星的在轨运行、功能和性能符合任务书的要求。最后总结了长寿命高可靠稳定优质业务运行的FY-1C，D星的创新点、主要成绩，并给出了部分应用情况。     

Tether Satellite System Collision Study

A study was performed to determine the probability of collision with resident space objects and untrackable debris for the tether component of the Tethered Satellite System (TSS) after it broke away from the Space Shuttle orbiter (mission STS-75) in February 1996. Both an analytical and a numerical approach were used in this study, and the results obtained with these two methods were found to be in good agreement. These results show that the deployed tether is expected to have been impacted by several particles 0.1mm or larger in size. The probability of collision with objects 10cm in size or larger was on the order of 10^–3 per month. Since the severed tether reentered within one month after deployment, the collision hazard to other objects while in orbit was small. The analytical methods used in this study are useful for tether collision evaluations in general.     

带滑移铰空间机械臂惯性空间轨迹的复合自适应跟踪控制

讨论了载体的位置与姿态均不受控制的漂浮基带滑移铰空间机械臂的控制问题。动力学分析表明，结合系统动量及动量矩守恒关系得到的运动Jacobi关系及系统动力学方程将是系统惯性参数的非线性函数，借助于增广变量法，我们得到了与惯性参数呈线性关系的系统广义Jacobi矩阵及系统控制方程，以此为基础，针对系统中存在未知惯性参数的情况，设计了一种末端抓手惯性空间期望轨迹跟踪的复合自适应控制方案，此控制方案的优点在于不需要测量空间机械臂载体的位置及移动的速度，加速度，仿真运算证实了方法的有效性。     

远程导引可行飞行方案寻求算法研究

提出了一种寻求远程导引可行飞行方案的算法，能够满足远程导引对测控、日照、燃料和时间等各方面的要求；重点论述了Lambert一次变轨方案，给出了算法的具体步骤和主要模块的实现方法；最后给出了一个算例，说明算法是切实可行的。     

太阳风质子束流的演化

太阳神飞船观测表明，太阳风高速流中质子束分量相对于核分量的密度随日心距离增加而增加．提出解释这一观测现象的机理并给出二维数值模拟结果．由于阿尔芬波速随日心距离增加而减少，第二支左旋波将与更多的质子共振，把部分原来属于核分布的质子拉到束分布中来．用数值模拟方程方法求解回旋波共振导致的准线性扩散方程，数值结果与观测结果相符合．