美国海军直升机装备转型的几个特点

基于美海军战略调整对舰载直升机装备的影响,分析了美海军舰载直升机装备转型的主要特点,对多用途舰载直升机、重型直升机、舰载无人直升机等装备的技术特征进行了剖析。从建设海洋强国战略的角度,提出了我国舰载直升机装备发展的对策建议。     

考虑卫星轨道运动和像移影响的星敏感器星图模拟方法

星图模拟技术是星图识别算法和星敏感器性能测试的基础.提出一种新的高精度星图模拟方法.该方法分为三个步骤:首先,利用两行轨道数据(TLE,Two-Line Orbital Element)与简化常规/深空扰动的近似解模型(SGP4/SDP4)计算出卫星在轨运行参数,进而获得卫星姿态矩阵;然后,根据星敏感器的方位和俯仰角度,确定星敏感器视场中的导航星及星敏感器安装矩阵,利用小孔成像模型,获得导航星在星敏感器成像面的投影位置;最后,为更准确模拟实际星像点的灰度扩散,在考虑卫星运动引起的恒星像移的基础上,按照二维高斯分布规律置灰度值来模拟星像点像素.在此基础上,还详细分析了不同曝光时间下,恒星像移对恒星位置测量的影响.     

基于仿射不变矩特征的舰船图像识别方法

获取舰船图像会受到视角影响,产生仿射变换。文章研究了矩特征的平移、旋转、尺度不变性和仿射变换的性质,进一步构造了仿射不变矩。首先,提取舰船图像的封闭轮廓;然后,计算仿射不变矩作为识别的特征库。通过计算待识别图像仿射不变矩与特征库特征的相关系数进行舰船类型识别,通过仿真数据证明仿射不变矩具有良好的识别性,最大相对误差小于...     

Improved orbit predictions using two-line elements

The density of orbital space debris constitutes an increasing environmental challenge. There are two ways to alleviate the problem: debris mitigation and debris removal. This paper addresses collision avoidance, a key aspect of debris mitigation. We describe a method that contributes to achieving a requisite increase in orbit prediction accuracy for objects in the publicly available two-line element (TLE) catalog. Batch least-squares differential correction is applied to the TLEs. Using a high-precision numerical propagator, we fit an orbit to state vectors derived from successive TLEs. We then propagate the fitted orbit further forward in time. These predictions are validated against precision ephemeris data derived from the international laser ranging service (ILRS) for several satellites, including objects in the congested sun-synchronous orbital region. The method leads to a predicted range error that increases at a typical rate of 100 m per day, approximately a 10-fold improvement over individual TLE’s propagated with their associated analytic propagator (SGP4). Corresponding improvements for debris trajectories could potentially provide conjunction analysis sufficiently accurate for an operationally viable collision avoidance system based on TLEs only.     

基于透视仿射变换研究画法几何中的截交线问题

在画法几何中 ,求一般位置平面与立体表面的交线 (截交线 )往往作图麻烦 ,精度较差。为了解决这些问题 ,本文提出了透视仿射变换及其在解决截交线问题中的应用 ,并用实例表明了该方法具有作图简便 ,精度高的特点 ,是一种行之有效的方法     

论知识经济时代企业财务管理的变革

21世纪是知识经济迅速发展的经济时代，知识经济的发展一方面表现为知识对传统产业的高度渗透另一方面表现为高新技术产业的迅速发展。为此，人们传统的工作方式、管理方式以及生活方式将逐渐被打破。这给传统的财务管理理论和方法带来了机遇和挑战，一个新的财务管理时代正在到来。     

基于动量轮转速标定的轨道控制方法研究

某地球同步三轴卫星因故障导致推力器工作效率不稳定,使得采用原有方案进行向西轨道控制时姿态变化大,控制准确度降低.针对上述问题,通过分析卫星用于姿态控制的偏置动量轮的控制规律,利用星体角动量守恒条件,建立了偏置动量轮转速变化与轨道半长轴变化之间的相关性数学模型,提出了一种改进的基于偏置动量轮转速标定的轨道控制方法,同时结合姿态的稳定变化制定了轨道控制实施方案,并将其应用于实际卫星轨道控制中,取得了良好的控制效果.改进的控制方法提高了轨道控制的准确率,使得半长轴误差幅度由最大60％提高到0.2％左右,增加了姿态的稳定性,使得俯仰姿态变化幅度由最大0.7°减小到0.2°左右,降低了控制风险,减轻了地面控制人员的负担.     

临近空间变体飞艇技术研究

介绍临近空间飞艇国外发展现状,分析变体飞艇系统重量轻、飞行升限高、环境适应性和持续驻空能力强的独特优势,论述临近空间飞艇的高效变体模式,阐述临近空间变体飞艇的关键技术,如飞艇变体控制技术、飞艇飞行控制技术,为临近空间飞艇后续研究提供参考。     

改进的卫星广播星历参数模型及其算法

考虑导航卫星受地球周期性的摄动力影响,提出了一种改进的导航卫星星历参数模型,给出了模型参数的计算方法和用该模型外推卫星轨道的计算步骤。仿真计算结果表明：该广播星历参数模型外推能力强,可较好地拟合卫星运动轨道。     

Bayesian linking of geosynchronous orbital debris tracks as seen by the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope

We describe a Bayesian sampling model for linking and constraining orbit models from angular observations of “streaks” in optical telescope images. Our algorithm is particularly suited to situations where the observation times are small fractions of the orbital periods of the observed objects or when there is significant confusion of objects in the observation field. We use Markov Chain Monte Carlo to sample from the joint posterior distribution of the parameters of multiple orbit models (up to the number of observed tracks) and parameters describing which tracks are linked with which orbit models. Using this algorithm, we forecast the constraints on geosynchronous (GEO) debris orbits achievable with the planned Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST). Because of the short 15 s exposure times, preliminary orbit determinations of GEO objects from LSST will have large and degenerate errors on the orbital elements. Combined with the expected crowded fields of GEO debris it will be challenging to reliably link orbital tracks in LSST observations given the currently planned observing cadence.