Air route network optimization in fragmented airspace based on cellular automata

Air route network optimization,one of the essential parts of the airspace planning,is an effective way to optimize airspace resources,increase airspace capacity,and alleviate air traffic con gestion.However,little has been done on the optimization of air route network in the fragmented airspace caused by prohibited,restricted,and dangerous areas (PRDs).In this paper,an air route network optimization model is developed with the total operational cost as the objective function while airspace restriction,air route network capacity,and non-straight-line factors (NSLF) are taken as major constraints.A square grid cellular space,Moore neighbors,a fixed boundary,together with a set of rules for solving the route network optimization model are designed based on cellular automata.The empirical traffic of airports with the largest traffic volume in each of the 9 flight information regions in mainland China is collected as the origin-destination (OD) air port pair demands.Based on traffic patterns,the model generates 35 air routes which successfully avoids 144 PRDs.Compared with the current air route network structure,the number of nodes decreases by 41.67％,while the total length of flight segments and air routes drop by 32.03％ and 5.82％ respectively.The NSLF decreases by 5.82％ with changes in the total length of the air route network.More importantly,the total operational cost of the whole network decreases by 6.22％.The computational results show the potential benefits of the model and the advantage of the algorithm.Optimization of air route network can significantly reduce operational cost while ensuring operation safety.     

基于等效板的含离散源损伤机翼结构分析

研究离散源损伤对机翼结构的影响,可以大幅度提高飞机在不良损伤事故下的生存能力.由于机翼内部结构复杂,很难对含离散源损伤机翼结构进行精确分析,而且精确的建模和仿真在建模与计算过程中往往也非常耗时.因此,以含离散源损伤机翼为对象,采用有限元优化设计方法,确立了一种机翼结构等效板模型的建模方法.建立的等效板模型可对含离散源损伤机翼实现快速、准确的静力学和动力学分析.     

MIDACO software performance on interplanetary trajectory benchmarks

A numerical study of the MIDACO optimization software on the well known GTOP benchmark set, published by the European Space Agency (ESA), is presented. The GTOP database provides trajectory models of real-world interplanetary space missions such as Cassini, Messenger or Rosetta. The trajectory models are formulated as constrained nonlinear optimization problems and are known to be difficult to solve.     

基于SP-ABC算法的数控铣削参数优化

针对铣削加工中成本最低的优化问题,采用一种改进的人工蜂群(SP-ABC)算法对铣削参数进行优化.在基本ABC算法的基础上,嵌入粒子群(PSO)算法,以提高算法的局部寻优能力.此外,不同于传统的单工序优化,建立的优化目标模型,在考虑实际生产过程中的各种约束条件下,可同时对粗、精两个阶段多道工序同步进行优化.计算机仿真结果表明,相较其他的基本算法,该算法能够找到更优的铣削参数组合,从而实现铣削加工过程的成本最低化.     

A novel biased proportional navigation guidance law for close approach phase

A novel biased proportional navigation guidance (BPNG) law is proposed for the close approach phase, which aims to make the spacecraft rendezvous with the target in specific relative range and direction. Firstly, in order to describe the special guidance requirements, the concept of zero effort miss vector is proposed and the dangerous area where there exists collision risk for safety consideration is defined. Secondly, the BPNG, which decouples the range control and direc-tion control, is designed in the line-of-sight (LOS) rotation coordinate system. The theoretical anal-ysis proves that BPNG meets guidance requirements quite well. Thirdly, for the consideration of fuel consumption, the optimal biased proportional navigation guidance (OBPNG) law is derived by solving the Schwartz inequality. Finally, simulation results show that BPNG is effective for the close approach with the ability of evading the dangerous area and OBPNG consumes less fuel compared with BPNG.     

基于遗传算法的弧齿锥齿轮动态特性优化设计

基于集中质量法建立了弧齿锥齿轮八自由度弯-轴-扭三维空间动力学模型,在模型中考虑了啮合刚度的时变性、几何传动误差的非线性、齿面侧隙以及支承刚度的非线性.采用Runge-Kutta法对传动系统动态响应进行求解.在此基础上,以啮合周期内动态特性指标——振动加速度均方根作为优化目标函数,使用遗传算法对局部综合法中的齿面控制参数进行优化.在对设计参数进行优化的同时也获得了齿轮副最优加工参数.最终以齿面修形的方式实现了航空弧齿锥齿轮动态特性优化,减小了齿轮传动系统的振动与噪声.      

PSO节点寻优的样条逼近微分

样条节点分布对逼近精度的影响很大,样条节点寻优模型的雅可比矩阵求解复杂。利用经典参数的PSO（粒子群算法）解算样条最优节点分布模型,以逼近残差的平方和为目标函数,每步对节点序列排序后再计算目标函数,可以提高样条逼近精度,为样条节点寻优提供了一种较好的实现方法。仿真计算表明,在一定的节点个数情况下,PSO节点寻优的逼近效果比Carl de Boor的NEWNOT程序中的方法要好。     

基于Patran/Nastran 和Hypersizer的复合材料后机身加筋结构形式选择分析

针对复合材料后机身加筋壁板构型选择问题,采用有限元前后置处理软件Patran建立有限元模型,使用有限元分析软件Nastran进行初步分析,利用复合材料结构分析与优化软件Hypersizer进行结构形式的优化计算分析,优选出后机身壁板最佳结构形式。通过计算分析,得出有意义的工程经验。     

接触问题形状优化的边界元法及其工程应用

提出一种用边界元法对平面弹性接触问题进行形状优化的设计分析方法。讨论了平面接触问题形状优化中设计变量的选取、形状描述的方法以及目标函数和约束条件的确定,进行了灵敏度和形状优化的算例考核,并对航空发动机枞树形榫头／榫槽进行了形状优化设计的应用分析。     

轴流离心组合压气机性能及流场分析

以某轴流、离心组合式压气机为研究对象,采用数值模拟方法研究了不同转速典型工作状态下该压气机的性能和流场细微结构,为进一步提高压气机的压比、效率,扩大压气机的稳定工作裕度,对压气机进口导流叶片和第一级静子叶片安装角进行优化调节,对改进后压气机的典型工况进行了数值模拟,并进行了相应的试验研究。研究结果表明优化后压气机稳定工作范围增大,在90%设计转速和最大压比不变的情况下,最高效率提升1.05%,典型工况下流场结构也有不同程度的改善。