Angles-only relative orbit determination in low earth orbit

The paper provides an overview of the angles-only relative orbit determination activities conducted to support the Autonomous Vision Approach Navigation and Target Identification (AVANTI) experiment. This in-orbit endeavor was carried out by the German Space Operations Center (DLR/GSOC) in autumn 2016 to demonstrate the capability to perform spaceborne autonomous close-proximity operations using solely line-of-sight measurements. The images collected onboard have been reprocessed by an independent on-ground facility for precise relative orbit determination, which served as ultimate instance to monitor the formation safety and to characterize the onboard navigation and control performances. During two months, several rendezvous have been executed, generating a valuable collection of images taken at distances ranging from 50?km to only 50?m. Despite challenging experimental conditions characterized by a poor visibility and strong orbit perturbations, angles-only relative positioning products could be continuously derived throughout the whole experiment timeline, promising accuracy at the meter level during the close approaches. The results presented in the paper are complemented with former angles-only experience gained with the PRISMA satellites to better highlight the specificities induced by different orbits and satellite designs.     

交会对接寻的段水平双脉冲交会轨道精确求解

基于考虑摄动影响的精确轨道动力学模型,对交会对接寻的段水平双脉冲交会轨道的精确求解方法进行了研究。提出了将控制脉冲的俯仰角近似转化为控制时刻的轨道幅角,从而调整脉冲控制时刻以消除径向速度增量的方法,精确求解首末水平双脉冲的启控时刻;引入导引终点位置偏差的比例控制方法,精确求解水平双脉冲的精确控制量。仿真结果表明,2轮整体迭代可获得首末水平脉冲控制时刻和控制量的精确值,脉冲水平特性达到俯仰角小于1°,导引终点相对位置精度达到10m,验证了该方法的正确性。     

Hybrid optimization for multiple-impulse reconfiguration trajectories of satellite formation flying

A hybrid optimization method is developed for fuel-optimal reconfigurations of a group of satellites flying in formation. The genetic algorithm performs a global search to find two-impulse trajectories, and primer vector analysis finds multiple-impulsive local optimal trajectories with the two-impulse trajectories as initial guesses. Hybrid optimization finds globally optimal trajectories for formation reconfigurations, including formation resizing, reassignment and reorientation maneuvers. Multiple-impulse trajectories reduce the fuel consumption from the two-impulse trajectories by up to 4.4% for those maneuvers. In real missions, satellites can follow two-impulse trajectories to gain the advantage of a smaller number of impulses, with the cost of slightly more propellant. The qualitative characteristics of the optimal trajectories are analyzed from the number of optimal trajectories found by hybrid optimization.     

3-D position estimation of isolated target and optimal trajectory choice in parasitic synthetic aperture radar

Bistatic SAR (BSAR) systems have recently been the subject of several studies, but little attention has been given to the potential of the location of targets. In the paper, the performance of the estimation of 3-D position of a target (TPE) in parasitic SAR is obtained analytically and illustrated by computer simulation using ambiguity function analysis, and the maximum likelihood estimate (MLE) approach. It was shown that by using a multi look parasitic BSAR all three coordinates of an isolated point target (IPT) could be evaluated. Analytical closed form equations that characterize the measurement accuracy were derived. In the final these equations will be used to demonstrate various cases of more practical, including optimal trajectories choice under any geometry configuration case, moreover, the conclusion is verified via Matlab.     

线性调节器鲁棒设计法

本文将文献最优控制系统设计加权阵的选择方法推广到鲁棒控制系统设计,进而得到鲁棒控制系统设计的一种新方法。本方法适用于输出反馈系统的最优和鲁棒设计,从而使文献最优全状态反馈系统设计方法成为其一个特例。一个具体实例显示出本方法设计结果具有较文献设计结果较优的性能。     

变长竿式制导问题数学模型

制导问题数学模型对研究交会及拦截问题都具有重要意义，本文提出一种变长竿式制导问题数学模型，此模型视线被当作一条变和旋转竿，通过研究其旋转，长度变化来研究制导系统性能，比常用模型含有更多关于制导问题性能的信息。用它释放了比例导引律下小视线距视线角速率失稳原因，提出了制导系统视线全值域角速率稳定以提高制导精度的设计方法，讨论了比例导引能否实现预测栏截问题等。     

弹性飞行器敏感元件位置设置与参数优化综合

本文研究了弹性飞行器敏感元件位置的设置问题，分析了敏感元件位置对弹性飞行器稳定性的影响，提出了几类飞行器自动驾驶仪敏感元件可能合适位置的选择准则。从飞行器弹性振动闭环系统方程出发研究了弹性飞行器参数优化综合的某些方法。通过算例得到控制系统返馈系数，陀螺位置，舵面位置优化综合的数值模拟结果。这些结果与该飞行器实际采用的值符合较好。     

无人机空中加油自主会合制导律研究

典型的自主会合制导律主要包括基于在线估计的制导律和无需在线估计的制导律两大类,其中在线估计具有计算量大,实现复杂的缺点。提出了一种无需在线估计的制导律,在此基础上,文章进行了改善,一是借鉴导弹中的带落角约束的比例导引律,实现了一种同时满足航向和纵向自主会合要求的制导律形式,简化了制导律设计;二是引入了相对距离反馈与速度反馈进行相对距离控制,避免了速度控制指令设计的复杂化和开环控制鲁棒性差的缺点。最后,通过一个仿真例子证明了这种制导律方案原理可行,具有一定的工程应用价值。     

航天器快速姿态机动的力矩陀螺控制

考虑一类要求快速、连续的姿态机动控制任务，设计了大角度姿态机动的力矩陀螺操纵律。针对陀螺群构型非奇异情况，考虑陀螺框架角速度上限要求，设计了基于∞范数的力矩陀螺操纵律。为了实现快速的姿态机动衔接，提出了基于参考构型的方法，并通过引入零运动实现。设计了力矩陀螺操纵律的求解算法，给出了参考构型法的解析解。仿真结果表明，该操纵律可适用于快速、连续的姿态机动控制。     

用特征根构造变系数线性最佳控制

本文研究单输入n阶常系数线性系统满足二次型指标(积分区间有限,终点给定为(o,…o)) 的最佳控制。所得结果使用户无需解Riccati方程,也不要用数值法解出两点边值问题,仅由这个两点边值问题的特征根即可构造变系数线性最佳控制。这个结果既适于低价(n=1,2,3)时用来写出变系数线性最佳控制的一般表达式(17)—(19),也适于高阶时用计算机计算,其程序已用FORTRAN-Ⅳ在AD三TAMAX-186机上实现。