航天器轨道交会迭代制导算法

针对航天器轨道交会的脉冲推力模型与实际发动机连续推力模型不相符的问题,研究一种脉冲变轨策略的工程实现方法,使脉冲变轨策略可应用于工程实际.基于Lambert飞行时间定理和遗传算法,研究航天器最优脉冲变轨策略.根据脉冲变轨优化的结果,采用迭代制导算法研究脉冲变轨工程化问题.仿真结果验证了迭代制导算法在航天器轨道交会中的有效性.     

光纤功率计非线性因子测量的优化设计研究

对光纤功率计非线性因子测量系统进行了优化设计。在理论分析和实验验证的基础上,优化了光路系统,抑制了光的干涉效应对光功率稳定性的影响,进行了实验验证;由光衰减器代替快门进行光的通断控制,扩展了测量范围,可以实现通用光纤功率计非线性因子的全量程测量。     

人控交会对接摄像机调光算法 设计与验证方法研究

航天器人控交会对接过程中,空间光照环境极为复杂.摄像机作为最主要的相对测量敏感器,需要设计合理的调光算法以适应各种工况.详细分析了航天器的空间光照环境,针对人控交会对接的场景特点,对基于直方图的自动调光算法提出了改进措施,并提出了全面的地面验证测试方法,证明了改进后的直方图自动调光算法的合理性.     

基于梯度分割区间优化算法的双脉冲交会优化

研究非固定时间的航天器双脉冲交会轨迹优化问题,设计了基于梯度分割区间优化算法(GIOA)。该算法结合所研究问题的特点,使用每次只选择有限个区间进行操作的区间选择策略、基于梯度优化结果的区间分割策略、基于单调性的区间紧缩策略以及约束条件测试和基于梯度的目标优化估计值更新策略等。梯度优化算法仅用于区间分割和目标优化估计值更新,不但没有影响GIOA对区间优化算法全局性和收敛性的继承,同时加快了包含优化解的小宽度区间的出现,提高了目标优化估计值的更新速度,并由此提高了运算效率。区间选择策略的使用,控制了决策变量区间数量的增长,降低了算法运行的存储需求。算例仿真中,成功求解非固定时间双脉冲交会问题,并展示出算法的优势。      

A robust semi-analytic method to solve the minimum ΔV two-impulse rendezvous problem

A novel semi-analytic approach is developed to determine the minimum $\mathrm{\Delta }V$ for a two-impulse rendezvous and validated both empirically and analytically. A previously published closed-form $\mathrm{\Delta }V$ estimate and the Lambert minimum energy transfer is used to establish upper and lower bounds of the minimum $\mathrm{\Delta }V$ transfer between two orbits. These bounds, in conjunction with the bisection method, operate on a nonlinear radical cost function to guarantee linear convergence. This approach has several real world applications including a low earth orbit (LEO) to highly elliptical orbit (HEO), and a HEO to retrograde geosynchronous orbit transfer. The minimum $\mathrm{\Delta }V$ estimates are better than those reported in the existing literature, while run times improved as much as two orders of magnitude over a fixed time Lambert solver. All singularity cases were addressed such that any orbital geometry, including Hohmann and radial elliptic transfers, converged to the global minimum $\mathrm{\Delta }V$. This approach will work for both coplanar and non-coplanar 3D geometries for any orbit type.     

Optimal mission planning of the reconfiguration process of satellite constellations through orbital maneuvers: A novel technical framework

In this paper, a general new methodology is presented for the orbital reconfiguration of satellite constellations on the basis of Lambert targeting theorem. In view of the cost and risk reduction, it is very important to consider the problem of satellite constellation reconfiguration with the two constraints of overall mission cost minimization and the desired final configuration. Hence, the dependent non-simultaneous deployment approach is proposed to minimize overall fuel cost. Despite the fact that the satellites deploy in a non-simultaneous manner, supplementary phasing maneuvers on the target orbital pattern to achieve the desired orbital configuration are avoided. Moreover, a novel idea is presented to optimize the flight of satellites, which plays an important role in complying with the constraint of overall fuel cost minimization as much as possible. In order to achieve the global optimal solution of the satellite constellation reconfiguration problem, the efficient hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization/Genetic Algorithm (PSO/GA) technique, is implemented. Finally, to indicate the superiority of the presented method, a comparison to the simultaneous maneuver viewpoint is made on a number of representative cases. The obtained results imply significant reduction of reconfiguration costs by employing the proposed method.     

人控交会对接九自由度半物理仿真试验系统设计及验证

以人控交会对接半物理仿真试验需求为背景,提出了可对人控交会对接控制系统单机敏感器性能和控制律设计方案进行仿真验证的人控交会对接九自由度半物理仿真试验系统的设计方法,给出了利用该设计方法对神舟九号飞船人控交会对接控制系统的仿真验证结果.神舟九号飞船与天宫一号目标飞行器首次在轨人控交会对接的工程实践结果表明,人控交会对接九自由度半物理仿真试验系统的设计方法正确.     

一种交会对接轨迹安全带确定方法

针对近距离交会对接特点,提出一种由制导脉冲确定的交会对接安全带概念,在标称轨迹附近分别设计无控带、修正带、警戒带和紧急撤离带和基于安全带的制导策略.仿真结果表明,该制导策略能及时敏感部分故障,且燃料消耗不大,是燃料消耗和轨迹安全折中的一种制导策略.     

“人在回路”的载人航天器控制系统地面验证平台设计

针对栽人航天器“人在回路”的特点,在评价现有人控交会对接试验系统特点的基础上对地面验证系统设计原则进行归纳,提出一种载人航天器人工控制系统地面验证平台设计方案．该方案在继承以往航天器自动控制系统地面测试系统设计要点的基础上将“人”纳入控制闭环中,确保了载人航天器人工控制系统地面验证真实性．最后对平台的信息流回路、光学变换器等关键技术进行了阐述．     

仅有相对视线角测量时的椭圆轨道交会相对导航分析

对仅有相对视线角测量时的椭圆轨道交会相对导航问题进行了分析．借鉴已有研究成果,给出仅有相对视线角测量时,相对导航系统可观的定义,以及为使系统可观,加速度项所需满足的充分必要条件;分析指出由于相对动力学模型误差的存在,相对导航系统始终是可观的,但可观度很弱;而追踪器进行适当的机动可极大改善系统的可观性,给出为使系统可观,机动加速度具体所需满足的充分必要条件;指出当通过施加机动加速度改善系统的可观性时,获取零输入相对位置矢量方向是前提条件,并论证了利用相对视线角测量信息,可以对零输入相对位置矢量方向进行估计和预测．