权值动态分配的加权平均法在姿态解算中的应用

鉴于各种姿态算法解算后的精度不高,提出将加权平均法应用于捷联惯导系统的姿态解算中.针对实际应用中无法准确获得姿态角度的真实值这一情况,提出对解算误差进行实时估计的方法,再基于最优权值分配的原则进行权值动态分配.对几种姿态解算算法进行了有效的融合,并应用到姿态解算模块的实际测量中.测量结果分析表明此种方法很大程度上减少了单一算法的解算误差及测量的误差,提高了测量的精度.     

基于墩头轮廓钛合金铆接夹具的优化设计

针对某型号机在弹塑性理论和逆向工程的基础上,采用普通铆接方式,通过计算和数值模拟对铆接的夹具进行优化设计。结果表明,此夹具的优化设计可使铆接后的干涉量均匀度大大提高,残余应力分布更合理且得出了铆接后干涉量检测的重要评估手段,为飞机制造过程中工艺的优化和装配效率的提高提供重要参考价值。     

空间核电源热管式辐射散热器热分析与参数优化

针对空间热管辐射散热器的特殊工况对散热器进行热分析建模，通过分析其传热原理，建立出热阻模型，并通过和实际设计进行对比，验证模型和计算方法的可行性。选取翅根温度、翅片长度和翅片厚度等参量作为约束条件，分别对热管式空间辐射散热器的翅片散热效率和系统质量特性进行优化分析，获得最优设计参数。     

A lunar cargo mission design strategy using variable low thrust

A design technique for a near optimal, Earth–Moon transfer trajectory using continuous variable low thrust is proposed. For the Earth–Moon transfer trajectory, analytical and numerical methods are combined to formulate the trajectory optimization problem. The basic concept of the proposed technique is to utilize analytically optimized solutions when the spacecraft is flying near a central body where the transfer trajectories are nearly circular shaped, and to use a numerical optimization method to match the spacecraft’s states to establish a final near optimal trajectory. The plasma thruster is considered as the main propulsion system which is currently being developed for crewed/cargo missions for interplanetary flight. The gravitational effects of the 3rd body and geopotential effects are included during the trajectory optimization process. With the proposed design technique, Earth–Moon transfer trajectory is successfully designed with the plasma thruster having a thrust direction sequence of “fixed-varied-fixed” and a thrust acceleration sequence of “constant-variable-constant”. As this strategy has the characteristics of a lesser computational load, little sensitivity to initial conditions, and obtaining solutions quickly, this method can be utilized in the initial scoping studies for mission design and analysis. Additionally, derived near optimal trajectory solution can be used as for initial trajectory solution for further detailed optimization problem. The demonstrated results will give various insights into future lunar cargo trajectories using plasma thrusters with continuous variable low thrust, establishing approximate costs as well as trajectory characteristics.     

Optimal steering law of refractive sail

The interaction between electromagnetic waves and matter is the working principle of a photon-propelled spacecraft, which extracts momentum from the solar radiation to obtain a propulsive acceleration. An example is offered by solar sails, which use a thin membrane to reflect the impinging photons. The solar radiation momentum may actually be transferred to matter by means of various optical phenomena, such as absorption, emission, or refraction. This paper deals with the novel concept of a refractive sail, through which the Sun’s light is refracted by crossing a film made of polymeric micro-prisms. The main feature of a refractive sail is to give a large transverse component of thrust even when the sail nominal plane is orthogonal to the Sun-spacecraft line. Starting from the recent literature results, this paper proposes a semi-analytical thrust model that estimates the characteristics of the propulsive acceleration vector as a function of the sail attitude angles. Such a mathematical model is then used to analyze a simplified Earth-Mars and Earth-Venus interplanetary transfer within an optimal framework.     

Optimal mission planning of the reconfiguration process of satellite constellations through orbital maneuvers: A novel technical framework

In this paper, a general new methodology is presented for the orbital reconfiguration of satellite constellations on the basis of Lambert targeting theorem. In view of the cost and risk reduction, it is very important to consider the problem of satellite constellation reconfiguration with the two constraints of overall mission cost minimization and the desired final configuration. Hence, the dependent non-simultaneous deployment approach is proposed to minimize overall fuel cost. Despite the fact that the satellites deploy in a non-simultaneous manner, supplementary phasing maneuvers on the target orbital pattern to achieve the desired orbital configuration are avoided. Moreover, a novel idea is presented to optimize the flight of satellites, which plays an important role in complying with the constraint of overall fuel cost minimization as much as possible. In order to achieve the global optimal solution of the satellite constellation reconfiguration problem, the efficient hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization/Genetic Algorithm (PSO/GA) technique, is implemented. Finally, to indicate the superiority of the presented method, a comparison to the simultaneous maneuver viewpoint is made on a number of representative cases. The obtained results imply significant reduction of reconfiguration costs by employing the proposed method.     

A comparative study on acoustic damping induced by half-wave, quarter-wave, and Helmholtz resonators

The damping characteristics of three-type resonators, a half-wave, a quarter-wave, and a Helmholtz resonator are studied experimentally by adopting linear acoustic test. A quantitative acoustic property of sound absorption coefficient in a model enclosure with the resonators is measured and thereby, the acoustic-damping capacity of a resonator is characterized. For a comparative study on acoustic damping, the damping capacity of a half-wave resonator is compared with that of the other resonators. A half-wave and a quarter-wave resonators have the same damping mechanism, but a quarter-wave resonator has much larger damping capacity than a half-wave resonator with the same diameter of a single resonator. It is found that shorter length of a resonator has the advantage of longer one with respect to the damping capacity. The damping capacity of a Helmholtz resonator increases with cavity volume and does as the orifice length decreases. A Helmholtz resonator has the highest damping capacity of three-type resonators and a half-wave resonator has the lowest. Besides, a Helmholtz resonator requires the smallest number of resonators for optimal damping. The design criterion of each resonator on the optimal damping is provided by the normalized parameter of open-area ratio and the similarity behavior for the optimal damping is observed for various enclosure diameters.     

交会对接远距离接近段制导研究

基于飞行器相对目标空间站的线性化运动方程，研究了交会对接中远距离接近段最优冲量解的必要条件，推导了确定最优解特征矢量曲线方程中待定参数的计算公式，给出了在特定初始状态和末状态下实现远距离接近的四次、三次、二次最优冲量解的作用时刻和大小的算法。通过一个交会实例的数字仿真分析，得到了有关远距离接近段制导方法的有指导价值的结果，验证了该方法是正确的、合理的。     

基于C-W方程的近程导引制导与控制方法

根据轨道动力学建立的航天器自主交会绝对运动与相对运动动力学方程,设计了基于C-W方程的近程导引段双脉冲和多脉冲制导与控制方案。采用闭环多脉冲制导,以控制精度和燃料消耗为指标,对双脉冲、等时间间隔多脉冲和闭环多脉冲制导进行比较。仿真结果表明:闭环6脉冲制导可用于近程导引段,有一定的工程应用价值。     

航天器多约束交会的仅测角导航最优多目标闭环制导

研究了航天器多约束交会的仅测角导航最优多目标闭环制导问题,优化目标包括交会时间、燃耗和仅测角导航可观性指标,并考虑了视觉传感器视场角、推力器推力幅度和最小安全距离等各种约束条件,建立了多约束、多目标优化下的仅测角导航和闭环制导问题的数学模型,分析了仅测角导航和闭环制导之间的耦合关系。最后,通过Matlab遗传算法工具箱中的多目标优化函数,求解得到了该多目标优化模型的Pareto最优解集,结果显示交会时间、燃耗和仅测角导航可观性指标不能同时达到最优,存在相互制约关系,即提高其中一种优化目标的性能会降低其他优化目标的性能。