中国空间站光学遥感载荷的发展研究

光学遥感载荷的空间站平台相比卫星平台具有很大的优势,吸引了包括俄罗斯、美国和欧空局在内的国际空间站成员国争相进行空间站光学遥感载荷的新技术实验验证和对地观测研究。文章介绍了国际空间站光学遥感载荷的观测方式和特点,结合国际空间站光学遥感载荷的应用情况,从新技术实验验证和对地观测两个方面分析了中国空间站光学遥感载荷发展应该注意的问题,为中国空间站光学遥感载荷的发展提出了几点建议。     

一种新的卫星光学立体测量技术

提出了一种新的立体影像解析方法。在卫星轨道特性和相机交会角已知的条件下,根据对同一地物的摄影时间差提取高度信息,进而确定其三维空间位置。建立了不考虑/考虑地球自转的地物高度测定,以及位置确定模型,给出了地物空间位置计算的流程。讨论了地物高度的测量误差和对卫星平台性能的基本要求。新方法用摄影时间差的测量取代传统方法影像像点坐标的测量,更简捷和准确,更适合数字图像,具有重要应用价值。     

目标光学有效反射面积计算模型研究

随着对飞行器测控要求的提高,测控应用中一些重要参数的定性估计或概略计算模型已不能满足要求。改进飞行器测控工作中目标的“光学有效反射面积”参数计算模型,根据目标有效反射面积的定义建立面元模型,在此基础上建立若干典型形状目标的计算模型以及日照约束模型,并对所建立的新模型进行了实例计算和分析,计算结果和试验数据一致。     

MTFC在光学遥感成像系统优化设计中的应用研究

图像处理作为成像链路的重要组成部分,是系统优化设计不得不考虑的一个环节,其中调制传递函数补尝(MTFC)是当今研究的热点,在遥感成像系统优化设计中发挥着重要作用。如果综合应用地面MTFC的能力,对遥感器进行优化设计,则可以大大减轻遥感器的研制难度、节约成本和缩短研制周期。该文对MTFC在光学遥感成像系统优化设计中的应用进行了一些探讨。     

Integrated guidance and control for solar sail station-keeping with optical degradation

Current control approaches for solar sail station-keeping on libration point orbits have not considered the degradation of the sail’s optical properties. However, significant optical degradation could lead to poor station-keeping performance or even complete failure. This paper presents an integrated guidance and control strategy to address this problem by updating the reference orbit based on in situ estimation. An exponential optical degradation model is incorporated into the solar radiation acceleration model, and an on-line reference orbit update approach is incorporated into the station-keeping, coupled with an active disturbance rejection controller. The reflection coefficient is estimated on-line and the reference orbit is updated discretely when the optical properties have degraded by a prescribed amount. This strategy provides discrete updates to the reference orbits such that the perturbation due to the optical degradation is maintained within a small range. These smaller perturbations can be dealt with by the controller’s robustness and station-keeping can be sustained for long durations even in the presence of large optical degradation.     

RB—SiC高致密、超光滑SiC表面改性涂层的制备

为了获得高质量光学表面的碳化硅反射镜,利用射频磁控溅射方法,在直径80mm的RB—SiC基片上沉积了厚约60μm的SiC致密改性涂层,使用传统机械抛光方法对改性层进行超光滑加工,并测试了改性前后的表面粗糙度。结果表明,抛光后SiC表面改性RB—SiC反射镜表面粗糙度均方根（rms）值达到了0．316nm。获得了具有较高...     

锶原子冷却与光晶格装载

锶原子光钟冷却实验实现原子由一级宽带冷却到二级窄线宽冷却转移二级冷却后原子温度约为2μK;晶格激光在原子冷却过程中始终开启,实现原子边冷却边装载。     

Orbit determination by genetic algorithm and application to GEO observation

This paper demonstrates an initial orbit determination method that solves the problem by a genetic algorithm using two well-known solutions for the Lambert’s problem: universal variable method and Battin method. This paper also suggests an intuitive error evaluation method in terms of rotational angle and orbit shape by separating orbit elements into two groups. As reference orbit, mean orbit elements (original two-lines elements) and osculating orbit elements considering the J2 effect are adopted and compared. Our proposed orbit determination method has been tested with actual optical observations of a geosynchronous spacecraft. It should be noted that this demonstration of the orbit determination is limited to one test case. This observation was conducted during approximately 70 min on 2013/05/15 UT. Our method was compared with the orbit elements propagated by SGP4 using the TLE of the spacecraft. The result indicates that our proposed method had a slightly better performance on estimating orbit shape than Gauss’s methods and Escobal’s method by 120 km. In addition, the result of the rotational angle is closer to the osculating orbit elements than the mean orbit elements by 0.02°, which supports that the estimated orbit is valid.     

一种分布式光纤多点电流传感系统

电力系统中,利用输电母线磁场的法拉第效应可研制磁光光纤电流传感模块,可在需要实时监控的节点处安放该模块,并采用波分复用（WDM）技术把所有节点的实时数据通过光纤网络汇集到中央计算机中,从而构成分布式光纤电流传感系统。     

碳纤维-微晶复合材料反射镜光学加工实验

采用环抛方法对有预埋件和无预埋件的两块碳纤维-微晶复合材料反射镜进行光学加工,之后进行了稳定性实验研究,采用Zygo干涉仪实测了碳纤维-微晶复合材料反射镜面形.稳定实验后,有预埋件反射镜面形P-V值为3.013λ,RMS值为0.669λ;无预埋件反射镜面形P-V值为2.313λ,RMS值为0.276λ(λ=632.8 nm).实验结果证明,有预埋件的碳纤维-微晶复合材料反射镜结构优于无预埋件结构,为碳纤维-微晶复合材料反射镜的工程化提供参考.