光纤液位检测系统的研制

介绍了南京航空航天大学研制成功的新型光纤式液位检测系统的工作原理，结构组成和技术特点，这种系统采用新颖的液位传感探头，应用了先进的光纤传感器技术及微电子信号处理装置，因此具有耐腐蚀，防燃，防爆，抗电磁干扰，体积小，重量轻等优点，这种系统特别适用于航空及石油化工等领域的液位检测，还具体介绍了已成功地应用于我国农业飞机的五通道光纤液位检测系统，此项技术在航空上的应用，充分说明了该研制成果具有很好的先进     

智能材料结构在民用上的应用

主要介绍智能材料结构在民用中的最新研究进展及其在民用方面的一些实际应用。首先介绍光纤传感器在土木工程中的应用，接着叙述建筑及桥梁结构的主动控制及采用信息调整公路实现远地监测的智能民用结构。智能材料结构具有广泛的应用前景，这一新技术在民用上的应用研究也正在不断深入，相信不久的将来，这一技术会在越来越多的实际民用场合发挥优势。     

MEMS 壁面剪应力传感器阵列水下标定实验研究

壁面剪应力的精确测量对于研究水下物体边界层流动、寻求有效的减阻增效措施至关重要。MEMS 壁面剪应力传感器的标定首先是最基本的静态标定,其决定了其测量的精度和数据的可信度。本文在分析已有标定方法的基础上研发1种新型水下壁面剪应力给定装置,并采用数值方法计算分析不同流速下的壁面剪应力给定条件,进而设计壁面剪应力传感器静态标定方案,开展了一种 MEMS 热膜式壁面剪应力传感器阵列的水下静态标定实验,获得了各传感单元的标定系数。     

激光通信调制方式的研究

在分析OOK、M—PPM、MPPM、DPPM、OPPM调制结构的基础上,详细分析了各调制方式在传信率、发射功率、传输带宽、抗干扰性能等方面性能,并给出了相应的仿真分析结果。该仿真结果为未来激光通信调制方式的选择提供进一步的理论支持。     

BN/SiBCN light-leakage-proof coatings of silica optical fiber for long term sensors at high temperatures

SiBCN and BN/SiBCN light-leakage-proof coatings were prepared on silica optical fibers for sensing applications at high temperatures. Scanning electron microscopy was used to characterize the surface morphology and microstructure of the coated fiber. Mechanical and optical properties of the coated fiber were characterized by Raman, optical and tensile tests. Compared with the original fiber, the tensile strength of SiBCN and BN/SiBCN coated fiber show an increase of about 60% and 90% at room temperature, respectively. In addition, the tensile strength of BN/SiBCN coated silica optical fiber was increased by about 42% at 700 °C. It has been found that the improvement of the strength of BN/SiBCN coated silica optical fiber is related to the healing of defects and residual compressive stress in fibers. From the light transmittance performance of the coated fiber, it was found that BN/SiBCN double coating could be an ideal total reflection solution to protect silica optical fiber from light leakage during high temperature sensing operation.     

航天器用薄膜温度传感器的研制及性能研究

飞行器以高超声速飞行时瞬间温升可达1 600℃以上,为了保证飞行器的可靠和运行安全,准确实时测量热防护系统表面温度显得尤为重要。针对高温环境实时测温的技术难题,结合磁控溅射技术和陶瓷烧结技术,提出了一种引线和传感器基底一体化的微小型高温薄膜温度传感器结构。采用高温检定炉对传感器陶瓷基底的高温绝缘性进行了测试,并使用多种微观形貌表征方法对传感器主要结构材料进行筛选,得到薄膜温度传感器制备所需的最佳材料组合。进行了薄膜温度传感器静态标定和综合性能高温考核试验,结果表明,所研制传感器灵敏度、重复性的变化与标准热电偶基本保持一致,在实际环境温度低于1 500℃时,传感器测量误差不超过4‰,可在1 200℃高温环境中连续准确测温6 h以上,且测温上限高达1 800℃,验证了该传感器在高温环境中进行测温的可行性和实用性,为航天器表面温度测量和热防护系统优化提供科学依据。     

Navigation sensors and systems in GNSS degraded and denied environments

Position, velocity, and timing(PVT) signals from the Global Positioning System(GPS)are used throughout the world but the availability and reliability of these signals in all environments has become a subject of concern for both civilian and military applications. This presentation summarizes recent advances in navigation sensor technology, including GPS, inertial, and other navigation aids that address these concerns. Also addressed are developments in sensor integration technology with several examples described, including the Bluefin-21 system mechanization.     

基于单叶双曲面的标准Stewart并联结构六维力传感器各向同性优化设计

基于Stewart并联结构六维力/力矩传感器在空间六维力的准确检测上具有广泛前景,设计低耦合、高精度、易于标定和使用的六维力/力矩传感器是其结构设计的关键问题.传统Stewart并联结构几何参数描述为6个相互耦合的变量,不利于实现设计参数与设计指标的解耦,而且非正交条件下的各向同性使得六维力/力矩传感器仍存在耦合,为此...     

A Celestial Analytic Positioning Method by Stellar Horizon Atmospheric Refraction

This article, in allusion to the limitation of conventional stellar horizon atmospheric refraction based on orbital dynamics model and nonlinear Kalman filter in practical applications, proposes a new celestial analytic positioning method by stellar horizon atmospheric refraction for high-altitude flight vehicles, such as spacecraft, airplanes and ballistic missiles. First, by setting up the geometric connexion among the flight vehicle, the Earth and the altitude of starlight refraction, an expression for the relationship of starlight refraction angle and atmospheric density is deduced. Second, there are produced a novel measurement model of starlight refraction in a continuous range of altitudes (CRA) from 20 km to 50 km on the basis of the standard atmospheric data in stratosphere, and an empirical formula of stellar horizon atmospheric refraction in the same altitudes against the tangent altitude. Third, there is introduced a celestial analytic positioning algorithm, which uses the least square differential correction instead of nonlinear Kalman filter. The information about positions of a flight vehicle can be obtained directly by solving a set of nonlinear measurement equations. The stellar positioning algorithm adopts the characteristics of stellar horizon atmospheric refraction thereby removing needs for orbit dynamics models and priori knowledge of flight vehicles. The simulation results evidence the validity of the proposed stellar positioning algorithm.     

Coherent matter wave inertial sensors for precision measurements in space

We analyze the advantages of using ultra-cold coherent sources of atoms for matter-wave interferometry in space. We present a proof-of-principle experiment that is based on an analysis of the results previously published in Richard et al. (2003) from which we extract the ratio h/m for ⁸⁷Rb. This measurement shows that a limitation in accuracy arises due to atomic interactions within the Bose–Einstein condensate. Finally we discuss the promising role of coherent-matter-wave sensors, in particular inertial sensors, in future fundamental physics missions in space.