Effects of optical parameter measurement uncertainties and solar irradiance fluctuations on solar sailing

The heliocentric orbital dynamics of a spacecraft propelled by a solar sail is affected by some uncertainty sources, including possible inaccuracies in the measurement of the sail film optical properties. Moreover, the solar radiation pressure, which is responsible for the solar sail propulsive acceleration generation, is not time-constant and is subject to fluctuations that are basically unpredictable and superimposed to the well-known 11-year solar activity cycle. In this context, this work aims at investigating the effects of such uncertainties on the actual heliocentric trajectory of a solar sail by means of stochastic simulations performed with a generalized polynomial chaos procedure. The numerical results give an estimation of their impact on the actual heliocentric trajectory and identify whether some of the uncertainty sources are more relevant than others. This is a fundamental information for directing more accurate theoretical and experimental efforts toward the most important parameters, in order to obtain an accurate knowledge of the solar sail thrust vector characteristics and, eventually, of the spacecraft heliocentric position.     

First astrometric observations of space debris with the MéO telescope

The MéO (for Métrologie Optique) telescope is the Satellite and Lunar Laser Ranging (SLR) dedicated telescope of Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur (France) located at plateau de Calern. The telescope uses an altazimuth mount. The motorization of the mount has a capability of 6 deg/s allowing the follow up of Low Earth Orbits (LEO) satellites, as well as Medium Earth Orbits (MEO) and geostationary (GEO) satellites, and the Moon. The telescope has a primary mirror of 1.54 m. It uses a Nasmyth focus equipped with an EMCCD camera. The telescope field of view, defined by the equivalent focal length and the size of the camera, is currently 3.4 arcmin × 3.4 arcmin.     

Astrometric positioning and orbit determination of geostationary satellites

In the project titled “Astrometric Positioning of Geostationary Satellite” (PASAGE), carried out by the Real Instituto y Observatorio de la Armada (ROA), optical observation techniques were developed to allow satellites to be located in the geostationary ring with angular accuracies of up to a few tenths of an arcsec. These techniques do not necessarily require the use of large telescopes or especially dark areas, and furthermore, because optical observation is a passive method, they could be directly applicable to the detection and monitoring of passive objects such as space debris in the geostationary ring.     

星间光通信中压电偏转系统控制算法研究

针对星间光通信中压电偏转系统通道间强耦合和系统状态量无法得到的问题，提出了分散式李亚普诺夫自适应控制系统。该系统采用分散式控制技术，引入非线性和参数漂移误差项，使通道间耦合作用动力学模型更加精确，增加自适应反馈和自适应前馈控制项，以提高控制自适应性和跟踪精度，并结合李亚普诺夫稳定性理论确定各自适应参数以保证系统的稳定性。仿真结果表明了该控制器可有效提高跟踪精度，抑制通道间耦合和卫星平台振动，从而证明了本文所提出控制方案的有效性和可靠性。     

建立室内虚拟长度基线场的可行性探讨

提出了利用两平面反射镜多次反射来虚拟室外基线场,在室内完成检定光电测距仪及全站型电子速测仪测距部分的解决方案;在现有技术的层面上对该方案所面临的技术难题进行了探讨,对其可行性进行了论证;对该方案实施1000 m测长的不确定度进行了详细的分析和计算,得出了该方案完全可行的结论.     

绳系卫星释放及工作态动力学分析

考虑强系卫星系统强索质量的影响，导出三维空间动力学方程，运用Pontryagin极小值理论求出释放过程中张力优化控制规律；得到最佳释放速度变化曲线，对子星工作阶段进行动力学分析。讨论系统质心沿椭圆轨道运动与姿态运动的耦合，文中附有算例。     

用于空间光学仪器的镜子的轻量化研究

对用于空间光学仪器的镜子实施轻量化工艺的必要性作了阐述,并对轻量化镜子的材料及结构的选择作了讨论。用有限元计算法对轻量化镜子在外力作用下的变形情况进行了计算分析。最后,文中还具体介绍了镜子实施轻量化技术后的结果。     

CCD星敏感器光学系统设计

介绍ＣＣＤ星敏感器用光学系统设计的参数选择,光学系统的设计光谱范围０．４８、０．８５μｍ;焦距为７５ｍｍ,Ｆ／１．４４,视场８．５°。该系统为复杂化的Ｐｅｔｚｖａｌ结构形式;以点列图能量集中度和能量重心偏评价光学系统的成像质量。所选用的ＣＣＤ芯片像元尺寸为２３μｍ×２３μｍ,像元数３８４×２８８,全视场内混色光点列图能量重心偏最大值１．６μｍ,对应于４．３９角秒。     

光学采样成像系统传递函数补偿的仿真研究

简要概述了光学采样成像系统组成及调制传递函数补偿(MTFC)概念;采用计算机仿真的方法模拟成像链路,MTFC是成像链路的一个重要环节,通过改变成像链路中的参数,研究链路中的混叠、光学遥感器噪声、量化、有损压缩对MTFC的影响。     

空间光学遥感器系统偏振测试方法探讨

随着光学遥感器的不断发展,对光学遥感器的性能要求也不断提高。遥感器系统偏振特性也逐渐为人们所重视。特别是对辐射灵敏度要求较高的光学遥感器。文章首先分析了光学遥感器偏振特性的表述及与遥感器系统辐射灵敏度的关系。讨论了系统偏振影响的因素和系统偏振补偿设计的几种考虑。最后提出了遥感器系统偏振灵敏度测试方法和应用实例。