浅谈WBS和网络计划技术及其应用

通过绘制某项目零级网络图,初步探讨项目管理中的两种工具和技术——WBS和网络计划技术,并介绍其在绘制过程中的应用。     

基于改进人工势场算法的无人机群避障算法研究

针对无人机运动避障人工势场算法本身存在的极小值问题和局部最小值问题，采用改进的人工势场算法，提出了一种新的路径规划方法。不同于目前的人工势场法，该模型从双机相互作用开始，在障碍物斥力的基础上，增加了无人机之间的斥力，同时定义集群的前置形心作为另一个引力源。算法分析表明，该方法能够有效避免无人机陷入局部最小值，并增强了无人机机群的控制和避障能力。基于该无人机控制模型，给出了路径规划设计并进行了仿真实验。实验结果表明，基于该模型的无人机机群控制具有更好的避障性能和追踪目标的能力。     

MOTION PLANNING OF MULTIPLE MOBILE ROBOTS COOPERATIVELY TRANSPORTING A COMMON OBJECT

Many applications above the capability of a single robot need the cooperation of multipl emobile robots, but effective cooperation is hard to achieve. In this paper, a master-slave method is proposed to control the motions of multiple mobile robots that cooperatively transport a common object from a start point to a goal point. A noholonomic kinematic model to constrain the motions of multiple mobile robots is built in order to achieve cooperative motions of them, and a “Dynamic Coordinator“ strategy is used to deal with the collision-avoidance of the master robot and slave robot individually. Simulation results show the robustness and effectiveness of the method.     

基于目标分配的无人机航路规划

在航路规划中．如果存在多个目标点，优化问题就会变得复杂化。因此，在多目标点存在的情况下，航路优化问题应充分考虑目标的有关因素及空域状况，对目标和航路进行优化选择以取得某种效益。针对这一问题，提出了目标选择及航路规化的优化模型．并提出了一种改进的A*算法——大规模平行扩展A*算法对这一问题进行求解。在此基础上，针对无人机的水平飞行航路进行了规化。结果表明，通过该方法可以有效地解决多目标点存在时的航路规划问题。     

南飞公司FDDI企业网述要

从南飞公司科研，生产和管理的实际需要出发，提出建立高速，大度，高可靠网络的目标。经比较作出南飞ＦＤＤＩ企业网的规划，并论述了企业网的实施过程及应用。     

航迹规划中反舰巡航导弹的雷达突防能力

在导弹航迹规划中，需要计算导弹突防过程中被雷达发现的概率。为此，在雷达方程中引入雷达系统特征常数以简化雷达方程，从探测概率与信噪比的关系出发，通过一系列的推导并考虑杂波的影响得出探测概率与目标距离的关系，提出在航迹规划中用横距探测概率来表征反舰巡航导弹的雷达突防能力。算例计算结果较为真实，表明该方法有一定应用价值。     

基于改进快速距离转化的移动机器人路径规划方法

在分析快速距离转化法不足的基础上，提出了一种利用空间数据结构及编码方案的特性进行距离和安全转化，使用约束参量控制路径搜索过程的三维空间机器人路径规划方法。这种方法使用八叉树建立空间模型，通过构建树节点的拓扑关系使路径搜索转化为图搜索算法。根据拓扑关系按照波动传播的方法依次对各个节点进行距离和安全转化，保证了可行路径的产生。约束参量的使用能够有效地避免传统方法在搜索过程中的随机性，协调路径规划中的最短距离和最大安全需要，搜索给定参数下的最优路径空间。理论分析和仿真实验验证了该算法的可行性和正确性。     

欠驱动余度机械臂的非完整冗余特征研究

欠驱动技术在航天领域有重要应用价值。针对空间机器人系统,研究了欠驱动冗余度机械臂的"非完整冗余"特征和无碰撞路径最优运动规划方法。这种系统对于给定的机械臂末端位姿,其冗余特征不便通过传统意义上的运动学"自运动"来刻画,但是因机构自由度数大于工作空间维数,系统的冗余特征可通过动力学水平的控制体现出来。基于李雅普诺夫方法,提出一种欠驱动冗余度机械臂的无碰撞路径最优规划方法,揭示了这种机器人系统的"非完整冗余"特征,通过平面3连杆机械臂进行了仿真。     

A multi-disciplinary plan for easier access, management, and analysis of science data

NASA's COST LESS Team is pursuing strategies to reduce the cost and complexity of planning and executing space missions. The team's technical goal is to reverse the trend of constructing unique solutions for similar problems. To this end, the team is exploring ways to represent mission functionality in terms of building blocks and is discovering approaches that could accommodate the same building blocks for seemingly disparate activities, such as organizing processed telemetry data, controlling onboard experiments, searching science archives, reducing and presenting information to science users, and supporting educational outreach. Reusable object technology (UOT), a research undertaking by the authors, is showing promise in recognizing similarities in functions which were previously viewed as unique because they appeared in different programs or mission phases. Since UOT is aimed at being implementation independent (i.e. the function performed could be accomplished manually, by an automated process, by a specialized instrument, etc.), no premature judgment for automation or autonomy need be made. In this paper, the authors attempt to strike a balance between theory and reality as they describe UOT, including its beginnings, its underpinning, its utility, and its potential for achieving substantive reductions in cost and complexity for the Agency's space programs. The authors discuss their collaboration with the Center for EUV Astrophysics, University of California, Berkeley to reduce the cost and complexity of science investigations. Their multi-disciplinary plan incorporates both UOT and a complementary technology introduced in this paper, called interactive archives.     

基于隐式位姿空间分层量化的空间机械手无碰撞路径规划方法

本文在概述空间机械手无碰撞路径规划问题的特殊性的基础上提出了相应的路径规划策略。依据这些策略，本文描述了一种基于隐式位姿空间分层量化的路径规划划方法，并通过仿真验证了所提出规划策略和规划方法的有效性。