可重复使用运载火箭着陆支腿总体布局与关键参数优化

通过对着陆支腿数量和构型进行对比仿真分析,提出了可重复使用运载火箭着陆支腿的总体布局方案,同时建立了着陆支腿参数化仿真模型,将着陆支腿的关键几何参数作为决策变量,基于多体动力学仿真软件开展着陆稳定性仿真分析,以提高着陆稳定性、降低运载火箭返回级受到的着陆过载系数及支腿轻量化为优化目标,对着陆支腿关键几何参数进行优化和确定。仿真结果表明,优化结果能够满足工程使用需要,可以为可重复使用运载火箭着陆支腿总体方案设计提供参考。     

运载火箭静电带电理论研究与试验验证

运载火箭在大气中飞行会使箭体、发动机等表面带电,当静电累积达到一定量级并产生静电放电时,可能对箭上电气设备造成灾难性后果。在众多起电原因中,文章重点研究发动机喷流起电和摩擦起电过程,提出这2种起电方式的计算模型,并结合相关静电测量试验,确定这2种起电方式的等效充电电流,定量分析火箭最大静电带电电位,为指导单机设计及系统防护提供参考。     

基于任务安全性的亚轨道飞行器返回轨迹优化

基于高斯伪谱法,结合亚轨道飞行器返回段特点,从任务安全性的角度出发进行了返回轨迹优化研究。出于实际控制能力及安全性的考虑,采用伪控制量作为最优控制变量,摒弃了再入分段、末端区域能量管理段、航向校正圆锥等概念,引入"末端进场走廊"来描述性能指标及终端约束。仿真结果表明,在满足各种约束条件下,能够快速准确地生成亚轨道飞行器返回轨迹,同时验证了结果的可行性与最优性。     

标准轨迹制导中准平衡滑翔条件优化研究

对于可重复使用运载器标准轨迹再入制导,准平衡滑翔条件可以将高度-速度平面内各项再入约束形成的飞行走廊,转换为倾侧角-速度空间内的倾侧角走廊.通过在倾侧角走廊内设计倾侧角曲线,可以生成满足飞行走廊的标准轨迹.通过论证标准轨迹再入制导过程中的准平衡滑翔条件及其物理意义,说明了由倾侧角走廊内的倾侧角曲线生成的标准轨迹,存在突破再入飞行走廊边界的可能性.通过对倾侧角走廊边界设置余度,极大地降低了标准轨迹突破再入飞行走廊边界的可能性,提高了标准轨迹的设计成功率.     

基于部件分解法的运载火箭RCS仿真计算方法

为估算运载火箭的RCS（Radar Cross Section,雷达散射截面积）,采用部件分解法对运载火箭进行电磁散射几何建模,根据飞行过程中运载火箭和雷达的几何关系建立雷达照射目标视线角的计算模型,并运用高频散射理论提出运载火箭RCS的仿真计算方法;最后,对运载火箭的静态RCS和动态RCS进行仿真计算与分析.结果表明：对运载火箭电磁散射几何建模合理可行,提出的火箭RCS计算方法可以满足工程应用需要.采用该方法仅修改几何建模中的模型结构和部分尺寸参数即可方便计算不同型号运载火箭的RCS特性,可以为航天测控雷达系统设计和布站优化提供依据.     

重复使用金属热防护系统研究进展

综述了金属热防护系统的国外研究最新进展,重点介绍了国内相关研究和试验的最新情况.指出金属热防护系统仍是下一代重复使用运载器大面积表面热防护系统的优选方案之一.     

Launch cost reduction by the reuse of the core stage of Ariane 5

The high cost of launching payloads into Earth orbit is a main limiting factor on the development of space. In order to reduce the high cost of launch, reuse of (parts of) the launch vehicle is needed. This study analyses the possibilities of recovering and reusing the core stage of Ariane 5. Recovery of the core stage sets demands on re-entry trajectory, attitude, stability, thermal protection, structural strength, terminal deceleration, salt water protection, recovery and refurbishment. All these subject areas require solutions to their individual problems. Added subsystems to the stage are defined and their mass is determined. These masses are used to determine the financial feasibility of the recovery concept, by weighing the payload demise and operational cost against the gains of reduced production cost. It is concluded that the recovery is technologically feasible, using a detachable ablative heat shield on the nose of the stage and a stabilisation device (an inflatable drag cone), a parachute system and an engine enclosure device. Total mass of these systems is 1320 kg, with financial savings amounting to $8.5 million per flight.     

发动机谐振与箭体模态耦合稳定性及机理研究

针对发动机谐振可能与箭体弹性振动之间发生耦合共振,从而引起姿态控制系统不稳定的问题,首先将发动机谐振特性简化为一个二阶环节,建立了包含发动机谐振方程的火箭姿态动力学模型;然后分析了发动机谐振对箭体模态极点频率和阻尼比的影响,并从理论上分析了出现负阻尼比时发动机和箭体模态间的耦合共振机理,在此基础上计算了导致姿态控制系统...     

Hyper Heuristic Approach for Design and Optimization of Satellite Launch Vehicle

Satellite launch vehicle lies at the cross-road of multiple challenging technologies and its design and optimization present a typical example of multidisciplinary design and optimization(MDO) process.The complexity of problem demands highly effi-cient and effective algorithm that can optimize the design.Hyper heuristic approach(HHA) based on meta-heuristics is applied to the optimization of air launched satellite launch vehicle(ASLV).A non-learning random function(NLRF) is proposed to con-trol low-level meta-heuristics(LLMHs) that increases certainty of global solution,an essential ingredient required in product conceptual design phase of aerospace systems.Comprehensive empirical study is performed to evaluate the performance advan-tages of proposed approach over popular non-gradient based optimization methods.Design of ASLV encompasses aerodynamics,propulsion,structure,stages layout,mass distribution,and trajectory modules connected by multidisciplinary feasible design approach.This approach formulates explicit system-level goals and then forwards the design optimization process entirely over to optimizer.This distinctive approach for launch vehicle system design relieves engineers from tedious,iterative task and en-ables them to improve their component level models.Mass is an impetus on vehicle performance and cost,and so it is considered as the core of vehicle design process.Therefore,gross launch mass is to be minimized in HHA.     

可重复使用运载器结构重量估算方法研究

对可重复使用运载器总体参数统计数据进行回归分析,得到了可重复使用运载器结构重量估算公式,并以某可重复使用运载器为例进行了验算,结果验证了结构重量评估公式的合理性和可用性;通过定义无量纲形式的敏感度函数和敏感度因子,使各总体设计参数的敏感性可进行对比评价,并以此分析了可重复使用运载器结构重量估算公式对单个总体设计参数的敏感度,总结出可重复使用运载器结构重量随总体参数变化的规律。其结构重量估算公式对我国未来可重复使用运载器的设计具有直接参考价值。