FY-3 Meteorological Satellites and the Applications

FY-3 is the second generation polar-orbiting meteorological satellite of China. The first satellite named FY-3A of this series was launched on 27 May 2008. The first operational satellite named FY-3C of this series was launched on 23 September, 2013. The new generation satellites are to provide three-dimensional, quantitative, multi-spectral global remote sensing data under all weather conditions, which will greatly help the operational numerical weather prediction, global climate change research, climate diagnostics and prediction, and natural disaster monitoring. They will also provide help for many other fields such as agriculture, forestry, oceanography and hydrology. With the abovementioned capability, the FY-3 satellites can make valuable contributions to improving weather forecasts, global natural-disaster and environmental monitoring.      

The Experimental Satellite on Electro-magnetism Monitoring

The Experimental Satellite on Electromagnetism Monitoring (ESEM) was proposed in 2003 and proved in 2013 after 10-years' scientific demonstration. The ESEM mission was proposed to be the first satellite of space-based geophysical fields observation system in China with a lot of application prospects in earthquake science, geophysics, space sciences and so on. And coincide with the mission objectives, the satellite decides to use the Circular Sun Synchronous Orbit with an altitude of 507km and descending node time at 14:00LT. The payload assemble includes 8 instruments, Search-Coil Magnetometer, Electric Field Detector, High precision Magnetometer, GNSS occupation Receiver, Plasma Analyzer, Langmuir Probe, Energetic Particle Detector, and Three-frequency Transmitter. According to the planned schedule, the satellite is due to be launched in 2016-2017 and will be onboard operated for 5 years.      

在轨卫星综合数据库系统的设计与实现

针对卫星在轨相关数据(卫星在轨综合数据)种类繁多,数据量大,查询时效性要求高等特点,对管理卫星在轨综合数据的关键技术进行了研究,提出将卫星在轨综合数据分类处理的方法,即利用遥测数据变化缓慢的特点采取变化存储的方法,压缩遥测数据的存储量,同时图形查询遥测数据时使用特征值提取算法快速完整地绘制遥测曲线;对于计算结果与在轨运行信息,采用数据类型描述的方式实现多类型数据的统一管理,较好地解决了计算结果与在轨运行信息数据管理复杂,数据类型扩展困难等问题。在此基础上,设计并实现了一套卫星在轨综合数据库系统。     

Ionospheric perturbations in plasma parameters before global strong earthquakes

Based on the electron density (Ne) and temperature (Te) data from DEMETER, the ionospheric perturbations before 82 Ms ? 7.0 earthquakes (EQs) during 2005–2010 were studied, using moving median and space difference methods within 10 days before and 2 days after these events in local nighttime. It was found that the plasma parameters disturbances appeared before 49 EQs, in which more disturbances were detected before shallow-focus earthquakes than deep ones, and there was little difference between continental and oceanic ones, both exceeding 1/2 percentage. For the disturbed time, more perturbations were seen in 1, 3, 5, 6, 8 days before EQs and 1 day after EQs. For the spatial distribution, the anomalies before EQs were not just above the epicenters, but shifted equatorward with several degrees to almost twenty degrees. Most of the abnormities were positive ones, which demonstrate that Ne increases before EQs at the altitude of 670 km of DEMETER. Perturbations of Ne were more than that of Te, which illustrates that Ne is much more sensitive to seismic activity than Te.     

GNSS弱信号两级快速傅里叶变换捕获方法

高动态弱信号条件下,为了提高捕获过程实现的灵活性,提出了两级快速傅里叶变换(FFT)多普勒频率捕获方法,第一级FFT使用较短的相干积分时间将多普勒频率搜索范围划分为多个粗分格,第二级FFT在每一个分格内对多普勒频率进行更精细的搜索.采用文章提出的捕获方法,可以降低FFT点数,简化实现复杂度;另一方面,计算第一级FFT时可通过流水线操作提高资源利用率.为了验证所提方法的正确性,仿真实现了两级FFT捕获方法.结果表明,两级FFT方法能在高动态弱信号条件下正确捕获多普勒频率.     

卫星姿态控制系统在轨实时健康评估

面向航天器在轨智能自主管控的技术需求,提出一种基于多级模糊综合评价架构的卫星姿态控制系统的在轨实时健康评估方法.根据卫星姿态控制系统的性能特点,按实际功能将其划分为姿态测量、控制器和执行机构3个部分.在确定各部分单元部件健康信息的基础上,基于模糊综合评价算法对各部分的健康度分别进行评估.基于评估所得到的姿态测量、控制器和执行机构3部分健康信息,根据各部分对系统健康的影响情况结合变权综合原理确定健康影响权重,采用模糊综合评价算法实现对姿态控制系统整体健康性能的综合评估.仿真实验结果表明,所提出的方法能够有效实现卫星姿态控制系统的在轨实时健康评估.     

基于无速度测量的无拖曳卫星自适应控制方法

为了实现无拖曳（Drag Free）卫星中卫星本体对内部质量块的高精度跟踪,首先推导了近地环境下卫星与质量块的相对运动动力学方程,并分析了影响二者相对运动的主要干扰源。针对位移模式单质量块Drag Free卫星只能获取质量块与卫星相对位置测量,设计了自适应控制器,适用于卫星质量和空间干扰为定常或慢变未知量的情况,且在卫星质量和外部干扰为未知常值的假设下,控制器能够保证卫星对质量块跟踪误差的全局渐近收敛。最后给出了仿真场景以说明本文方法的有效性。     

基于光谱响应函数的ZY-3卫星图像融合算法研究

针对遥感影像融合过程中存在的光谱失真,提出了一种基于光谱响应函数（SRF）的ZY-3卫星影像融合算法,该算法通过研究亮度分量的模拟方法和空间细节注入方法,改进了传统的IHS算法。采用融合前后典型地物光谱曲线对比和无需参考图像的质量评价指标（QNR）两种方式对融合结果进行评价,发现该算法的光谱信息保持在89.94%,QNR值达0.75以上。结果表明,相对于其它IHS改进融合算法,基于ZY-3卫星传感器SRF的改进IHS融合算法无论在光谱信息保持还是空间信息增强方面都具有优势。     

导航星座星间链路信号捕获搜索策略研究

针对导航星座星间链路信号动态范围大、捕获性能要求高之间的矛盾,利用星历信息辅助信号捕获。在此基础上,分析了信号捕获串行搜索、码并行搜索和频率并行搜索的计算代价,给出了不同信号体制和星历误差下各搜索策略对应的运算量表达式,并结合典型的应用场景进行了算例分析。分析结果表明星间信号捕获在星历误差较小时采用串行搜索策略具有最少的计算量,在星历误差较大时采用码并行搜索策略计算量最少。     

基于低轨预警卫星测量数据的弹道重构与选星算法研究

在低轨天基预警卫星(STSS)24星构型配置条件下,对弹道导弹ICBM全程飞行过程中可见预警卫星数多于2颗,用最小二乘几何弹道一次定位及扩展卡尔曼滤波(EKF)算法,提出了基于观测噪声估计方差最小的可见星最优选星原则。仿真结果表明:与不进行选星方式相比,用该选星原则进行弹道导弹弹道重构计算可满足在最小限度占用监视预警卫星资源条件下,获得更高的弹道重构精度。