SiC/Al2O3纳米复合材料压痕周围残余应力的压谱特性研究

提出了用拉曼显微镜测试 Si C/ Al2 O3纳米复合材料表层 V氏压痕周围残余应力的新方法。试验结果表明 ,其荧光光谱 R曲线峰频率随离压痕中心的距离大小而变化 ,压头施加在材料上的载荷的大小 ,严重影响 R曲线频率的变化。文中假定应力张量横向各向同性 ,并以加压之前材料的荧光光谱作为基值 ,确定压痕周围的残余应力。最后 ,采用等静应力解释并比较了压痕周围残余应力与压痕载荷、离压痕中心距离之间的关系。     

ZrO2-Al2O3两相陶瓷复合材料力学性能与增韧机制的研究

研究了ZrO2-Al2O3二元复相陶瓷材料的力学性能、烧结行为和增韧机制。研究结果表明ZrO2-Al2O3复相陶瓷可以在体积分数为lO％～30％的纳米ZrO2含量范围内都保持较高的抗弯强度和断裂韧性；ZrO2颗粒的存在能够有效抑制晶界运动从而达到促进材料致密化、改善显微结构的目的。在ZrO2-Al2O3复相陶瓷中相变增韧和裂纹偏转是主要的增韧机制。此外，ZrO2纳米颗粒使位错钉扎或堆积，起到了分散阻碍裂纹的作用，达到强韧化效果。     

Preparation and Mechanical Properties of Glass Coats with High Temperature Radar Absorber

BaO-La2O3-B2O3 (BLB) glass, suitable to be used as a sealing between metals, was chosen to be the binder in preparing glass coats on the Ti-alloy substrate. The SiCN nano-powder was introduced as the filler for the absorbing coat because it is considered to be a good high temperature absorber. The effect of the coating temperature and coating time on the tensile strength of the glass coat was investigated and the proper coating parameters to get good mechanical properties were determined. In addition, the effects of the SiCN content on the tensile strength of the absorbing coat were also discussed. Results show that it is possible to prepare the glass coat using the BLB glass as a binder. That the coat formed at 730 ℃ for 30 min has the best tensile strength witnesses 730 ℃, 30 min to be the proper parameter to prepare the glass coat. The BLB glass coat without SiCN powder possesses good tensile strength and the introduc-tion of the SiCN absorber into the glass coat will lower the tensile strength. As the SiCN content increases, the tensile strength of the absorbing coat decreases, which could be attributed to the aggregation of SiCN in the coats.     

Effects of Different Molten-salt on the Synthesis of Hexagonal Barium Ferrite

Hexagonal-plate BaFe12O19 nano-particles were prepared by combining the co-precipitation and molten-salt method. The effects of molten-salt NaCl on the products have been compared with those of KCl. The X-ray diffraction analysis,the environment scanning electron microscopy and the vibrating sample magnetometer were used to measure their characteristics. The results show that the mol-ten-salt KCl is helpful to obtain pure phase while the molten-salt NaCl will prompt the crystallinity of particles to increase. It is also found that, given the molten-salt of NaCl and that of KCl of the same quantity, the particles formed are also the same size. The size of particles slightly increases as the quantity of the salt increases. Moreover, the sample prepared under 200% NaCl salt system has mag-netization of 71.5 emu/g.     

电子束物理气相沉积La2Zr2O7热障涂层研究

为克服传统热障涂层材料YSZ耐温性能和隔热性能的不足,以ZrO2和La2O3为原料,采用无压烧结法合成了烧绿石结构化合物La2Zr2O7,用电子束物理气相沉积(EB-PVD)法在高温合金基体上制备了La2Zr2O7涂层,分析了涂层的成分,并对其显微结构、热物理性能与传统YSZ热障涂层进行了对比研究.结果表明,La2Zr2O7涂层成分处于P结构范围内,呈典型的柱状晶结构,柱状晶头部呈明显的金字塔形状.与传统YSZ柱状晶相比,La2Zr2O7涂层的柱状晶紊乱度更大,尺寸更加细小,并且柱状晶上的树枝状亚晶更多.在25～1200℃范围内,La2Zr2O7涂层的热导率最大为0.985W/(m·K),最小为0.796 W/(m·K),大大低于同条件下的YSZ涂层.低本征热导率、小柱状晶直径、大紊乱度、密度轻及高孔隙率是造成La2.Zr2O7涂层低热导率的主要因素.     

Fe_2O_3/石墨烯复合物的制备及催化性能研究

以氧化石墨烯和硝酸铁为原料,采用水热法制备Fe_2O_3/石墨烯复合物。采用XRD、FTIR、RAMAN、SEM等对其结构和形貌进行表征,并通过不同升温速率的TG-DSC研究Fe_2O_3/石墨烯复合物对HMX热分解催化作用。结果表明,在氧化石墨烯被还原为石墨烯过程中,同时Fe_2O_3纳米粒子负载于石墨烯片层上;Fe_2O_3/石墨烯复合物可使HMX热分解活化能降低51.13 kJ·mol~(-1),对HMX有较好的催化作用。     

旋流流动对水冲压发动机性能影响

基于某药柱式水冲压发动机,建立粉末式水冲压发动机模型.利用Fluent软件模拟研究旋流流动对水冲压发动机流动与燃烧反应性能的影响.选择k ε双方程模型作为湍流模型,有限速率/涡耗散模型作为燃烧模型,基于密度隐式耦合求解进行计算.结果表明:添加旋流叶片并增大旋流角度,燃烧室最高燃烧温度、平均燃烧温度、出口速度和比冲均增大.研究证明添加旋流叶片对水冲压发动机流动与燃烧反应性能有很大改进,且旋流角度越大,效果越明显.      

纳米TiO2/Fe2O3复合材料的制备及其红外吸收性能研究

用溶胶-凝胶法制备了纳米TiO2／Fe2O3复合材料，并用XRD、TEM等方法对其进行了表征，给出了相关的工艺参数。研究了不同组分的纳米TiO2／Fe2O3的红外吸收特性。结果表明，纳米TiO2／Fe2O3复合材料在400cm^-1～1000cm^-1内随Fe2O3含量的增加，吸收峰明显宽化。     

电阻率可调的含钛碳化硅纤维的制备与性能研究

以Ｔｉ（ＯＢｕ）４与低分子量聚硅烷（ＬＰＳ）为原料合成不同含钛量的聚钛碳硅烷,经熔融纺丝、空气不熔化、高温烧结制备出力学性能良好、电阻率为１０３～１０Ω·ｃｍ的Ｓｉ—Ｔｉ—Ｃ—Ｏ纤维。通过ＩＲ、ＧＰＣ、ＶＰＯ、ＸＰＳ等分析手段系统研究了钛含量对纤维的制备、结构及其电性能的影响。     

包裹和热压工艺制备Al2O3／Ni金属陶瓷

首先通过非均相沉淀法合成Ni颗粒包裹Al2 O3 粉体 ,然后热压制备Al2 O3 / 5vol%Ni金属陶瓷。XRD结果表明 ,非晶态包裹层经 5 5 0℃煅烧和 70 0℃还原后 ,完全转变为Ni金属。显微照片表明 ,包裹层的Ni颗粒呈球形 ,团聚少 ,大小在 15～ 2 0nm。在 14 0 0℃热压包裹粉体获得 98 6 %理论密度的烧结体。显微观察发现 ,烧结体中Ni颗粒均匀分布在基体中 ,且绝大部分位于三角晶界。与单相Al2 O3 相比 ,金属陶瓷抗弯强度、断裂韧性和热导率都有明显的提高 ,并探讨了增强、增韧和热导率提高的机理