等离子喷涂Al_2O_3涂层的电击穿机理

采用大气等离子喷涂技术在铜基体上沉积了Al2O3涂层。采用XRD和SEM对涂层微观结构进行了表征。通过探讨孔隙率和吸潮行为对绝缘性能的影响,分析了等离子喷涂Al2O3涂层结构与电绝缘失效机理的关系。结果表明:等离子喷涂Al2O3涂层较致密,界面结合较好。随涂层厚度不同其孔隙率在5%~7%范围变化。等离子喷涂Al2O3涂层结构中的孔洞是电绝缘失效的主要部位且呈典型电晕击穿形貌。电晕击穿诱发的裂纹沿击穿方向扩展形成击穿隧道。击穿方向与电极极性无关而由击穿孔洞位置决定。涂层厚度与涂层击穿强度呈现倒数关系。吸潮会诱发导电通路形成降低Al2O3涂层抗击穿能力。     

高Cr铸造镍基高温合金K4648与陶瓷型芯的界面反应研究

采用金相显微镜、扫描电镜及能谱、电子探针和X射线衍射对高Cr铸造镍基高温合金K4648等轴晶和定向凝固铸件的合金/陶瓷型芯界面反应进行了系统研究,获得反应时间与反应量关系的界面反应动力学曲线、不同反应时间的反应界面形貌及产物的种类。结果表明:高Cr铸造镍基高温合金K4648与铝基型芯不易发生反应,而与硅基陶瓷型芯发生剧烈的界面反应,反应产生金属瘤状凸起物,造成铸件内腔破坏。此外,白色的硅基型芯内部变成黑色,黑色反应区内含有一定量的Cr,Al,Ti元素。在反应的中、后期型芯黑色反应区内还存在着灰色区,该区的Cr,Al,Ti含量远高于黑色反应区。高Cr铸造镍基高温合金K4648合金与硅基陶瓷型芯反应分为:(1)富Cr,Al,Ti熔体向型芯内的渗入阶段;(2)富Cr,Al,Ti熔体与陶瓷型芯SiO2基体的反应;(3)富Cr,Al,Ti的熔体与型芯中Zr-SiO4颗粒反应三个阶段。反应过程中型芯存在局部液化现象。K4648合金/硅基陶瓷型界面反应产物主要为层状或树枝状Al2O3,块状Cr3Si金属间化合物、ZrO2,富Cr,Zr,Al,Ti的复合氧化物、共晶形态的富Cr,Si,Al,Ti的复合氧化物、块状或树枝状的富Ti,Al,Zr,Cr复合氧化物。反应产物中的Cr,Al,Ti元素来自合金熔体而Zr,Si,O来自陶瓷型芯。     

Fe2 O3 对碳热还原氮化SiO2 合成Si2 N2 O的催化效应及机理

采用碳热还原氮化SiO2的方法在1 500℃制备了Si2N2O,并通过XRD和热失重分析,研究了Fe2O3对合成Si2N2O的催化作用及机理。Fe2O3对Si2N2O的合成具有显著的催化作用,加入少量Fe2O3可以使SiO2的转化率达到100%。Fe2O3的催化机理为:一方面,Fe2O3被C还原为纳米铁单质,并与Si形成Fe-Si液相,该Fe-Si液相可溶解SiO2和C颗粒,促使SiOC中间相在较低温度下形成,从而显著降低碳热还原反应的开始温度。另一方面,Fe-Si液相中的CO2与FeSi反应,通过形成SiO和CO而加速碳热还原反应的进行。     

Influence of Gd2O3 and Yb2O3 Co-doping on Phase Stability,Thermo-physical Properties and Sintering of 8YSZ

The role of multicomponent rare earth oxides in phase stability, thermophysical properties and sintering for ZrO2-based thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) materials is investigated. 8YSZ codoped with 3 mol% Gd2O3 and 3 mol% Yb2O3 (GYb-YSZ) powders are synthesized by solid state reaction for 24 h at various temperatures. As temperature increases, stabilizers are dissolved into zirconia matrix gradually. Synthesized at 1 500 °C, GYb-YSZ is basically composed of cubic phase. GYb-YSZ exhibits excellent phase stability and sinters lower than 8YSZ by nearly three times. The thermal conductivity of GYb-YSZ is much lower than that of 8YSZ, and the thermal expansion coefficient of GYb-YSZ is comparable to that of 8YSZ. The influence of Gd2O3 and Yb2O3 co-doping on phase stability, thermal conductivity and sintering of 8YSZ is discussed.     

有机凝胶先驱体转化法制备尖晶石型铁氧体MnFe_2O_4纤维

以柠檬酸和金属盐为原料,采用有机凝胶先驱体转化法成功制备出了纳米晶MnFe2O4铁氧体纤维.通过FTIR,TG-DTA,XRD,SEM和振动样品磁强计(VSM)对纤维前驱体凝胶的结构、热分解过程及热处理产物的物相、形貌以及纤维的磁性能等进行了表征.结果表明,当柠檬酸与金属粒子的摩尔比CA:Fe3+:Co2+=4;2:1和pH值等于4.5时形成的凝胶具有良好的可纺性,在凝胶形成过程中金属离子可能以单齿形式配位于柠檬酸根阴离子,形成了线型分子结构.所制得的纤维表面光滑、致密,纤维直径在1～20μm,长径比较大.600℃焙烧2 h后得到的Mn铁氧体纤维的晶粒粒径在12 am左右.随机分布的MnFe2O8铁氧体纤维在常温下的比饱和磁化强度为6.59 A·m2·kg-1,矫顽力为4.3 kA·m-1.     

微波烧结ZrO2(n)增韧Al2O3复合陶瓷组织与性能研究

文章采用微波烧结制备ZrO2/Al2O3复合陶瓷,探讨了纳米ZrO2对Al2O3陶瓷的烧结、力学性能和显微结构的影响.结果表明:纳米ZrO2的加入会对Al2O3陶瓷的显微结构产生影响,ZrO2颗粒以"晶内型"和晶界型两种形式存在,ZrO2的相组成与其含量有关.合理的实验配方及制备工艺有利于ZrO2以四方亚稳相存在.ZrO2含量为15vol%时,ZrO2全部由四方相组成,有利于应力诱导相变增韧,该ZrO2/Al2O3复合陶瓷的硬度、断裂韧性和抗弯强度分别为13350MPa、6.41MPa·m1/2和502MPa.ZrO2/Al2O3复合陶瓷増韧机制为应力诱导相变增韧、内晶型结构增韧和微裂纹増韧.     

一维钡铁氧体纳米线的制备及操控

采用Sol-gel法,以自制的AAO模板制备了直径40～60nm,长度为150～200nm的一维BaFe12O19纳米线.利用X射线衍射(XRD),场发射扫描电镜(FESEM),振动样品磁强计(VSM)对BaFe12O19纳米线的组成、形貌与磁性能进行了研究.在外磁场的驱动下,对一维BaFe12O19纳米线进行操控.研究发现:BaFe12O19纳米线的易磁化方向平行其轴线方向,且操控后,BaFe12O19纳米线定向连接成“链”,当磁场与BaFe12O19纳米链阵列平行(∥)时,纳米链的剩余磁化强度(Mr)、饱和磁化强度(Ms)和最大磁能积(BH)m都得到增强.矫顽力(He)由3.98×105A/m增大至5.01×105 A/m,矩形比为0.9,可成为优异的高密度垂直磁记录材料.     

Sb掺杂对ZnO厚膜的电导和气敏性能的影响

用共沉淀的方法,制备了纤锌矿结构的ZnO及其掺Sb的ZnO纳米粉.X射线衍射(XRD)分析表明,当锑掺量小于5wt%时没有新相生成.纯ZnO和掺Sb的ZnO器件的气敏和电阻测试结果发现:不同的厚膜烧结工艺对气体的敏感性影响较大,并且掺Sb后ZnO的气敏性能有所提高,电导峰消失.从缺陷角度、XPS分析的结果进行了讨论,初步解释了锑的掺入导致电导变化和气敏性能提高的原因.     

Preparation of SiC_p/Al_2O_3-Al Composites by Directed Metal Oxidation

SiCp/Al2O3-Al composites were synthesized by means of direct metal oxidation method. The composition and microstructures of the composites were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and metallurgical microscope. The effects of technical parameters on the properties of the product were analyzed. The results indicate that the composite possesses a dense microstructure, composed of three interpenetrated phases. Of them, SiO2 layer prohibits the powdering of the composites; Mg promotes the wetting and infiltration of the system and Si restricts the interfacial reaction while improving the wetting ability between reinforcement and matrix.     

Preparation and Mechanical Properties of Glass Coats with High Temperature Radar Absorber

BaO-La2O3-B2O3 （BLB） glass, suitable to be used as a sealing between metals, was chosen to be the binder in preparing glass coats on the Ti-alloy substrate. The SiCN nano-powder was introduced as the filler for the absorbing coat because it is considered to be a good high temperature absorber. The effect of the coating temperature and coating time on the tensile strength of the glass coat was investigated and the proper coating parameters to get good mechanical properties were determined. In addition, the effects of the SiCN content on the tensile strength of the absorbing coat were also discussed. Results show that it is possible to prepare the glass coat using the BLB glass as a binder. That the coat formed at 730℃ for 30 min has the best tensile strength witnesses 730 ℃, 30 min to be the proper parameter to prepare the glass coat. The BLB glass coat without SiCN powder possesses good tensile strength and the introduction of the SiCN absorber into the glass coat will lower the tensile strength. As the SiCN content increases, the tensile strength of the absorbing coat decreases, which could be attributed to the aggregation of SiCN in the coats.