变循环发动机地面起动建模及控制规律设计方法

针对旋转部件等熵效率不连续的问题,提出使用换算扭矩代替等熵效率的方法,给出了旋转部件低转速特性拓展方法并获取了旋转部件的全转速特性.提出了可考虑点火及燃烧稳定性的燃烧室稳定性模型,最终建立了变循环发动机部件级整机起动模型.考虑了变循环发动机的8个可调参数,采用差分进化算法对变循环发动机在双外涵及单外涵模态下的起动过程进...     

自适应循环发动机性能智能在线寻优算法研究

为解决自适应循环发动机性能在线自主优化问题,提出一种适用于三流道自适应循环发动机的智能自主优化控制方法,通过深度确定性策略梯度算法（DDPG）在线优化压比计划,实现控制规律自主寻优。本文在基准发动机特性图上给出了不同外涵面积下的等推力特性曲线,在此基础上给出了基准的最低油耗控制规律曲线。当发动机性能退化、或存在个体差异等偏离时,基准控制规律不再能使发动机性能最优,DDPG算法利用前期存储的数据对压比指令修正量进行训练学习,自主调整发动机控制规律。整机数值仿真结果表明,调整后亚声速巡航单位耗油率降低7.63%,与最低油耗点比较偏差0.03%。超声速巡航单位耗油率降低5.04%,与最低油耗点比较偏差0.01%。性能寻优算法可以在发动机性能偏离情况下实现发动机控制规律自主调节,达到最低油耗。     

地-空导弹最优制导律研究

本文在导弹质点运动不作任何简化的条件下,建立导弹-目标状态空间数学模型,得到以雷达测量参数表示的,可对付机动目标的最优制导规律,将其用于某型导弹上,仿真结果表明该制导律有较好的导引精度和一定的工程实用价值;同时就导弹起控点处高低角、方位角对脱靶量的影响作了研究,该制导律能降低对导弹发射条件的要求。     

光速不变原理在相对论中的作用

本文首先通过速度附加定律的推导阐述了“光速不变原理”在狭义相对论中的作用,然后从公理化体系着手推导出洛仑兹变换式,从而进一步说明“光速不变原理”的作用。     

Compensation of base disturbance using optimal trajectory planning of dual-manipulators in a space robot

This paper presents a trajectory planning algorithm for a space robot with dual-manipulators. Here one manipulator of the space robot captures a target, and another manipulator is free. In this case, this study uses one manipulator as the mission manipulator to capture the target, and another as the balance manipulator aiming at the compensation of the pose disturbance. For this method, a novel trajectory planning algorithm applied to the balance manipulator is presented. The trajectory planning problem is transformed into series of problems of the optimal state solution, and then the iterative algorithms for the trajectory planning are designed. In the iterative algorithms, the bias force on the spacecraft base caused by the balance manipulator is used as the compensation force. Then, to calculate the expected compensation force and torque, a pose control law for the spacecraft base is introduced. The expected compensation force and torque provide equality constraints for optimization problems, which implies that the trajectory planning algorithm compensates for not only the disturbance generated by the manipulator’s motion, but also environmental disturbances. This is because the expected compensation force and torque depend on the pose change of the spacecraft base rather than the type of the disturbance. Numerical simulation was carried out to analyze the proposed trajectory planning method. It was observed that the method greatly reduces the disturbance of Manipulator A on the spacecraft base. These results validated the effectiveness of the proposed method for the trajectory planning to make the spacecraft base disturbance up to minimum.     

动能拦截器运动伪装末制导律设计

针对动能拦截器末制导问题，基于运动伪装理论设计了末制导律和相应的脉冲宽度脉冲频率(PWPF)调节器。根据拦截器和目标在视线旋转坐标系下的相对运动关系建立了动力学模型。通过运动伪装特性得出的拦截条件推导出作用在视线法向上的制导指令表达式。在动能拦截器制导推力受限情况下，利用PWPF调节器调节制导指令。考虑系统的可控条件和拦截条件，对调节器参数进行了理论设计。运动伪装末制导律保证动能拦截器在制导过程起到伪装作用，具有较高的制导精度和较小的命中过载，同时经过参数设计后的PWPF调节器可以节省燃料。最后，通过数值仿真校验了所设计末制导律的正确性和有效性。     

Fixed-time adaptive model reference sliding mode control for an air-to-ground missile

This paper addresses the fixed-time adaptive model reference sliding mode control for an air-to-ground missile associated with large speed ranges, mismatched disturbances and un-modeled dynamics. Firstly, a sliding mode surface is developed by the tracking error of the state equation and the model reference state equation with respect to the air-to-ground missile. More specifically,a novel fixed-time adaptive reaching law is presented. Subsequently, the mismatched disturbances and the un-modeled dynamics are treated as the model errors of the state equation. These model errors are estimated by means of a fixed-time disturbance observer, and they are also utilized to compensate the proposed controller. Therefore, the fixed-time controller is obtained by an adaptive reaching law and a fixed-time disturbance observer. Closed-loop stability of the proposed controller is established. Finally, simulation results including Monte Carlo simulations, nonlinear six-DegreeOf-Freedom(6-DOF) simulations and different ranges are presented to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed control scheme.     

气相二氧化硅/汽油凝胶燃料流变特性实验研究

为了较为全面地了解凝胶燃料的流变特性,采用超声波振荡与机械搅拌相结合的方法制备了含铝与不含铝的气相二氧化硅/汽油凝胶燃料,使用旋转流变仪实验研究了各凝胶燃料的剪切变稀特性、触变性、屈服应力与粘弹性等流变参数。结果表明:气相二氧化硅/汽油凝胶燃料具有明显的剪切变稀特性和不可逆触变性。凝胶剂含量增加,凝胶燃料粘度和屈服应力增大。添加10μm粒径铝粉的粘度和屈服应力比5μm粒径铝粉的大,比1μm粒径铝粉的小,但均比不含铝凝胶燃料的大。凝胶燃料在低频振荡下更接近于流体,在高频振荡下具有类固体特征。      

基于MATLAB和FLIGHTGEAR的可视化飞行仿真

利用美国空军气动估算软件DATCOM中得到的气动数据,进行了控制律的设计,并通过MATLAB结合飞行模拟软件FLIGHTGEAR进行了动态仿真。仿真试验全程数据以直观的实时三维视觉仿真方式显示,有利于发现飞行控制系统设计缺陷。利用现有开放软件的仿真可以简化设计、缩短开发周期,同时还大大降低了成本,非常适合飞机早期设计验证,以减少后期设计迭代。     

中国行政垄断现象及法律规制研究

近年来,在我国由计划经济体制向市场经济体制转轨的过程中,长期存在的计划经济所产生的惯性使政府利用其公共权力限制市场竞争,在众多经济部门建立垄断企业,比如铁路、电信、石油、银行等部门,由此出现了行政垄断现象,并愈演愈烈.转型时期,以地方保护和市场分割为主要表现形式的行政垄断扭曲了市场良性竞争关系,降低了资源配置效率,不利于经济的发展.因此,在转型时期,行政垄断的治理、政府管制的改革以及法律制度的规制都成为社会各界普遍关注的问题.文章拟就转型时期的行政垄断现象及法律规制方面的对策进行较为全面的剖析,以期有利于我国在该领域改革实践的深入.