一种变论域模糊自适应导引律研究

针对空空导弹的导引律问题，基于模糊逻辑和遗传算法．提出了一种论域自调整的进化模糊导引律。将导弹与目标的接近速度以及导弹的视线角速度作为模糊控制器的输入，指令加速度作为输出，并在传统的模糊逻辑控制基础上引入了一个非线性变论域函数，从而实现了模糊变量论域的动态改变，然后使用遗传算法对导引规则进行了寻优。以某型空空导弹模型为对象使用MATLAB对导弹攻击过程进行了仿真。仿真结果表明，该方法的机动过载小，拦截飞行时间短，是一种较为优越的制导方法。     

Arms control and disarmament in space: the rough road to Vienna 1984: Part I

This article examines the international legal and diplomatic questions relating to arms control and disarmament, focusing on space-based activities. These relate importantly to the development of anti-satellite satellites (ASATs) and ballistic missile defence systems (BMDs). Part I of the article examines the goal of ‘peaceful uses’ of outer space as elaborated in national policies and in international fora, the debate that has has taken place at the international level over the meaning and definition of peaceful purposes, legal manoeuvres, particularly in the UN, and US responses, and recent Soviet initiatives relating to space militarization. Part II will appear in the next issue, and will consider the US Presidential-Congressional dialogue on these questions and recent Presidential initiatives.     

非线性比例导引系统研究

研究了非线性比例导引系统的性能。利用一种单输入双输出二阶非线性状态估计器估计弹目视线角速度和角加速度，状态估计器的输入直接采用来自导引头的信息，其输出量可以给出弹目视线角速度和角加速度的估计值，将此估计量作为补偿信号引入到比例导引系统中，形成了非线性比例导引系统。仿真研究表明，这种非线性比例导引具有良好的制导特性。     

寻的导弹寄生天线罩耦合回路有效导航比设计

基于比例导引(PN)制导律和实际惯性稳定框架式导引头回路,针对导引头回路两种校正网络,建立了用于设计有效导航比的两种寻的导弹寄生天线罩耦合回路模型,给出了PN寻的制导系统的控制弹道实际有效导航比的计算公式及设计准则。算例结果表明,该方法正确有效,所得脱靶量较小。     

机动再入飞行器主动段再入点约束闭路制导研究

基于机动再入飞行器再入制导段控制条件荷刻和难度大，必须为飞行器创造最佳的再入条件。本文对具有再入点约束的主支段闭路制导律进行了研究。根据飞行器椭圆弹道的性质、飞行器再入条件、球面几何和不动点原理给出了理想弹道的计算算法。为使飞行器能在主动段很快地进入到理想弹道上，系统采用了非线性的推力向量控制及预测制导方法。通过对新型号再入飞行器的制导系统的设计与仿真，表明该制导系统使飞行器全程飞行有很好的飞行性能。     

Arms control and disarmament in space: the rough road to Vienna 1984 : Part II

This article continues a detailed examination of the international legal and diplomatic questions relating to arms control and disarmament, focusing on space-based activities. These are importantly concerned with the development of anti-satellite (ASAT) systems and ballistic missile defence (BMD). This part of the article considers the US Presidential-Congressional dialogue - particularly the ASAT testing issue - and Presidential initiatives vis-à-vis the USSR. An epilogue to the original paper considers the diplomatic moves and policy shifts which contributed to the January 1985 US-Soviet meeting and the agreement to begin bilateral negotiations to consider space and nuclear arms.     

末端能量管理段迭代校正轨道算法研究

针对航天器进入末端能量管理段接口处时位置和航迹偏角存在大范围摄动的问题，提出一种使用迭代校正法的轨道快速生成算法。该算法可以根据航天器的具体初始状态，自动选择直接进场或者间接进场策略，快速生成可行的参考轨迹。首先通过跟踪轨迹地面投影实现侧向制导；根据末端能量管理段的起始点与终点的高度与速度约束生成参考动压-高度剖面，并跟踪此剖面实现纵向制导。然后采用迭代校正计算快速确定航向校准柱的位置与最终半径两个参数用以调整航程，保证航天器在末端的所有状态满足自动着陆段接口的边界约束。仿真结果校验了该算法可以根据航天器的具体状态快速生成符合约束条件的末端能量管理段飞行轨道，具有很好的鲁棒控制性能。     

全面视角下“法律面前人人平等原则”的探讨

本文以全面视角审视了法律面前人人平等是什么，并就我们为什么需要法律面前人人平等原则，以及如何实现法律面前人人平等等问题进行了探讨。     

Optimal steering law of refractive sail

The interaction between electromagnetic waves and matter is the working principle of a photon-propelled spacecraft, which extracts momentum from the solar radiation to obtain a propulsive acceleration. An example is offered by solar sails, which use a thin membrane to reflect the impinging photons. The solar radiation momentum may actually be transferred to matter by means of various optical phenomena, such as absorption, emission, or refraction. This paper deals with the novel concept of a refractive sail, through which the Sun’s light is refracted by crossing a film made of polymeric micro-prisms. The main feature of a refractive sail is to give a large transverse component of thrust even when the sail nominal plane is orthogonal to the Sun-spacecraft line. Starting from the recent literature results, this paper proposes a semi-analytical thrust model that estimates the characteristics of the propulsive acceleration vector as a function of the sail attitude angles. Such a mathematical model is then used to analyze a simplified Earth-Mars and Earth-Venus interplanetary transfer within an optimal framework.