基于B-P本构模型的涡轮盘应力分析

针对Bodner-Partom统一粘塑性本构方程,采用Euler前差显式积分方法,编制了用户子程序,把该本构方程结合进了大型通用有限元软件ANSYS,进行了一维和二维的算例验证,并针对某涡轮盘进行了三维应力分析。该程序可考虑材料变形的率相关、循环加载等情况,适用于航空发动机高温部件非线性结构分析。      

Practical compensation for nonlinear dynamic thrust measurement system

The real dynamic thrust measurement system usually tends to be nonlinear due to the complex characteristics of the rig, pipes connection, etc. For a real dynamic measuring system,the nonlinearity must be eliminated by some adequate methods. In this paper, a nonlinear model of dynamic thrust measurement system is established by using radial basis function neural network(RBF-NN), where a novel multi-step force generator is designed to stimulate the nonlinearity of the system, and a practical compensation method for the measurement system using left inverse model is proposed. Left inverse model can be considered as a perfect dynamic compensation of the dynamic thrust measurement system, and in practice, it can be approximated by RBF-NN based on least mean square(LMS) algorithms. Different weights are set for producing the multi-step force, which is the ideal input signal of the nonlinear dynamic thrust measurement system. The validity of the compensation method depends on the engine’s performance and the tolerance error0.5%, which is commonly demanded in engineering. Results from simulations and experiments show that the practical compensation using left inverse model based on RBF-NN in dynamic thrust measuring system can yield high tracking accuracy than the conventional methods.     

7150铝合金热变形行为及微观组织

采用Gleeble热模拟机进行热压缩实验,研究7150铝合金在变形温度为300~450℃、应变速率为0.01~10s-1条件下的变形行为,采用Zener-Hollomon参数法构建合金高温塑性变形本构方程,并对变形后的微观组织进行分析。研究表明:7150铝合金的流变应力随应变速率增大而增大,随变形温度增大而降低。该合金热压缩变形的流变应力行为可用双曲正弦形式的本构方程描述,其参数A为4.161×1014s-1,α为0.01956 MPa-1,n为5.14336,热变形激活能Q为229.7531k J/mol。随着温度升高和应变速率降低,动态再结晶逐渐取代动态回复成为合金的主要软化机制。     

基于灰关系的制造过程稳定性评估

基于灰色系统理论,通过对制造过程中的两个数据序列进行灰关系分析,实现了制造系统的稳定性评估.根据获取制造过程某属性的两个数据序列,对数据序列进行排序,得到排序数据图.按照排序数据图的分布特征,建立两个数据系列之间的灰关系,通过计算分析灰置信水平的大小,实现对制造过程的稳定性评估.计算机仿真试验和实际案例表明:通过对两个数据序列的灰关系分析,若求得的灰置信水平不小于90%,则说明该制造系统是稳定的;否则是不稳定的.所提出的方法可以很好地检测制造系统的稳定性,准确率最高可以达到100%.      

Adaptive Gaussian sum squared-root cubature Kalman filter with split-merge scheme for state estimation

The paper deals with state estimation problem of nonlinear non-Gaussian discrete dynamic systems for improvement of accuracy and consistency. An efficient new algorithm called the adaptive Gaussian-sum square-root cubature Kalman filter（AGSSCKF） with a split-merge scheme is proposed. It is developed based on the squared-root extension of newly introduced cubature Kalman filter（SCKF） and is built within a Gaussian-sum framework. Based on the condition that the probability density functions of process noises and initial state are denoted by a Gaussian sum using optimization method, a bank of SCKF are used as the sub-filters to estimate state of system with the corresponding weights respectively, which is adaptively updated. The new algorithm consists of an adaptive splitting and merging procedure according to a proposed split-decision model based on the nonlinearity degree of measurement. The results of two simulation scenarios（one-dimensional state estimation and bearings-only tracking） show that the proposed filter demonstrates comparable performance to the particle filter with significantly reduced computational cost.     

Gust response analysis and wind tunnel test for a high-aspect ratio wing

A theoretical nonlinear aeroelastic response analysis for a flexible high-aspect ratio wing excited by harmonic gust load is presented along with a companion wind tunnel test. A multidisci-plinary coupled numerical calculation is developed to simulate the flexible model wing undergoing gust load in the time domain via discrete nonlinear finite element structural dynamic analysis and nonplanar unsteady vortex lattice aerodynamic computation. A dynamic perturbation analysis about a nonlinear static equilibrium is also used to determine the small perturbation flutter bound-ary. A novel noncontact 3-D camera measurement analysis system is firstly used in the wind tunnel test to obtain the spatial large deformation and responses. The responses of the flexible wing under different static equilibrium states and frequency gust loads are discussed. The fair to good quanti-tative agreements between the theoretical and experimental results demonstrate that the presented analysis method is an acceptable way to predict the geometrically nonlinear gust response for flex-ible wings.     

金属丝网橡胶的本构关系

通过对圆环形金属丝网橡胶成型制造过程的分析,在圆环嵌套模型基础上,结合干摩擦非线性理论和小曲梁模型建立了金属丝网橡胶材料的非线性本构关系,对不同相对密度的金属丝网橡胶试件进行了静态压缩实验,通过实验数据确定了本构关系方程的各项系数并实验结果进行比较.研究结果表明:建立的本构关系模型可以很好地描述金属丝网橡胶的非线性力学特性,实验结果能够较好地符合理论结果,并且该模型反映了相对密度、网格大小和网格宽度等参数的影响,从而实现了对材料结构刚度的预估.      

正十烷简化机理的构建及其在发动机燃烧数值模拟中的应用

发动机燃烧室中燃料的能量释放与燃烧特性对于发动机设计具有重要作用,为了预测发动机点火包线和贫/富油极限等关键性能,迫切需要发展航空燃料及其典型组分的高精度化学动力学模型。本文针对燃料典型组分正十烷,采用自主开发的机理生成程序ReaxGen构建了其燃烧详细机理（1499种组分、5713步反应）。为了验证机理的合理性与可靠性,在当量比Φ=0.5-2.0,压力P=1-80 atm的宽工况条件下进行了点火延迟模拟验证,结果表明本文提出的正十烷详细机理在较宽的温度、压力和当量比条件下具有较高的模拟精度。为获得适用于发动机燃烧模拟的高精度简化机理,本文基于误差传播的直接关系图方法简化了正十烷燃烧详细机理,得到包含709种组分、2793步反应的正十烷半详细机理。进一步在高温范围（1000-1500 K）,采用路径通量分析方法简化得到含77种组分、359个反应的骨架机理。获得的骨架机理能够合理描述正十烷在高温下的燃烧特性,且该骨架机理尺度规模可用于基于火焰面模型的燃烧数值模拟。基于此高精度的骨架机理模型,结合火焰面生成流形湍流燃烧模型,采用大涡模拟方法进行了航空发动机环形燃烧室单头部扇形的燃烧模拟,初步获得了非稳态流场结构,其中温度模拟结果与实验值基本符合。     

基于自适应差分进化算法的变循环发动机模型求解方法研究

为了降低传统迭代算法在求解变循环发动机非线性模型时对初值的依赖性,将模型的求解问题转换为求最小值的优化问题,引入差分进化算法进行模型的求解,并提出一种自适应差分进化算法(ADE)。ADE借助轮盘赌选择法,利用种群的进化经验可以自适应的选择最适合当前种群的差分策略与算法控制参数。针对变循环发动机四个典型工作点的模型求解问题,研究了标准差分进化算法(SDE)的控制参数对其性能的影响,获取了SDE在求解四个典型工作点时的最优控制参数组合,对比分析了ADE与SDE的性能差异,最后研究了种群规模对ADE性能的影响。结果表明：SDE在求解发动机模型时具有较好的鲁棒性,在求解不同工作点时算法的最优控制参数并不完全相同;相比于使用最优控制参数的SDE,ADE可以在不影响算法鲁棒性的情况下提升效率50%以上;减少ADE的种群规模会在提升算法效率的同时破坏鲁棒性。     

钛合金零件钻削过程仿真与试验研究

钛合金被广泛用于航空工业中,譬如民用飞机吊挂滑轨等典型结构的制造。钛合金作为难加工材料,通常使用钻削的方法进行加工,不同的钻削参数对应不同的钻削温度和钻削力,而钻削温度和钻削力对加工精度影响较大。为使加工参数和加工精度得到很好地匹配,借助Deform 3D有限元仿真软件建立了钛合金热应力耦合有限元模型,通过软件仿真研究钛合金滑轨在加工过程中的钻削力以及钻削温度。首先,对钻头和钛合金试件进行网格划分。其次,建立材料本构模型和切屑分离标准,使用仿真软件得到加工过程的钻削力和钻削温度。最后,采用试验方法获取钻削温度和钻削力,与仿真结果进行对比。结果表明:仿真结果与试验较为吻合,仿真能输出有效的钻削力和钻削温度。