红外热像仪作用距离现场检测装置的研究

针对目前红外热像仪现场性能检测手段的不足,设计一套便携式红外热像仪最小可分辨温差(MRTD)检测装置,首先现场测量出红外热像仪的MRTD,再由大气透过率模型计算得到目标的表观温差,最后通过Johnson准则分析计算得到红外热像仪探测或识别目标的能力.试验结果表明该方法准确可行,可用于各类红外热像仪作用距离的检测.     

金属切削加工的热力耦合模型及有限元模拟研究

基于切削加工的热-弹塑性有限元方程并在一定假设的条件下,建立了金属正交切削加工的热力耦合有限元模型。分析、研究了切屑分离标准、刀屑界面的摩擦模型以及热控制方程等切削加工模拟所涉及的关键技术,并提出了几何-应力切屑分离标准。最后,采用ABAQUS软件对材料40CrNiMoA进行了切削加工模拟,并分析、讨论了模拟结果。通过与试验数据比较,证明了所建立的有限元模型的正确性。     

超燃冲压发动机进气道不起动仿真研究

对超燃冲压发动机进气道-隔离段进行了二维稳态流场数值模拟,给出了超燃冲压发动机进气道起动到不起动整个过程的数值模拟结果。得到了不同压比下、不同攻角下进气道-隔离段内部流场等压线图,分析了进气道-隔离段壁面静压分布特性,初步给出了进气道不起动状态的判断准则。      

飞行器RCS控制力矩辨识方法研究

对于依靠RCS(反作用控制系统)进行控制的返回舱等跨大气层飞行器,如何获得其在真实飞行条件下RCS的控制力矩一直是一个难题。本文提出了采用系统辨识技术得到RCS控制力矩的思路,研究建立了基于最大似然准则和牛顿-拉夫逊迭代算法的参数辨识算法模型。仿真辨识及对某飞船返回舱实际飞行数据的辨识结果表明,本文建立的方法是有效的,利用其能够对飞行器的气动力矩和RCS控制力矩同时进行有效辨识。     

景象匹配辅助组合导航中景象区域适配性研究进展

对景象匹配辅助组合导航的关键技术之一——景象区域适配性技术的基本模型、国内外发展现状以及目前有待于继续完善的若干问题进行综述。首先对景象区域适配性涉及的概念、评价指标、关键技术进行综合分析,剖析各环节技术内涵与相互关系,提出景象区域适配性研究的一般框架;指出目前国内外研究方法中存在的差异,将目标跟踪领域中与景象区域适配性相关的技术成果引入景象区域适配性研究框架中;分析多源图像匹配中景象区域适配性与传感器特性、匹配算法以及应用约束间的制约关系。综述旨在扩展和深化景象区域适配性研究的理论与方法。     

概念设计时影响涡轮转子叶片强度的关键因素

基于总体结构参数对后期详细设计的重要性这一事实,探讨了航空发动机叶片概念设计中可能出现的强度问题,研究了涡轮叶片的 AN2值、轮缘切线速度、叶片稠度和材料性能等重要设计参数对强度和寿命的影响.结果表明:目前先进民用大涵道比涡扇发动机的 AN2值在25m2·(r/min)2以内,轮缘切线速度应当使得涡轮盘的形状因子控制在2以内,叶片稠度则应满足叶片能被榫连结构包容的要求,材料蠕变和低循环疲劳性能的限制要求高压涡轮叶片根部平均应力控制在250MPa左右.这些结果将为先进航空发动机和燃气轮机涡轮叶片的设计提供重要的参考依据.      

舰载机着舰下滑过程中的PIO趋势评估与防范

为了研究舰载机着舰安全性,首次提出了舰载机的驾驶员诱发震荡（PIO）问题,结合对陆基飞机飞行员诱发振荡的研究成果,分析了舰载机与陆基飞机在该问题上的异同点,构造了速率限制器前置滤波器来改进控制回路中的舵机速率保护结构,重点对舰载机着舰下滑过程可能发生PIO情况进行了仿真分析,并利用史密斯准则评估了过程的振荡趋势,说明了下滑过程发生PIO对着舰安全的影响,同时验证了所提出的防范方法的有效性。     

A forced ignition probability analysis method using kernel formation analysis with turbulent transport and Lagrangian flame particle tracking

A forced ignition probability analysis method is developed for turbulent combustion, in which kernel formation is analyzed with local kernel formation criteria, and flame propagation and stabilization are simulated with Lagrangian flame particle tracking. For kernel formation, the effect of turbulent scalar transport on flammability is modelled through the incorporation of turbulence-induced diffusion in a spherically outwardly propagating flame kernel model. The dependence of flammability limits on turbulent intensities is tabulated and serves as the flammability criterion for kernel formation. For Lagrangian flame particle tracking, flame particles are tracked in a structured grid with flow fields being interpolated from a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) solution. The particle velocity follows a Langevin model consisting of a linear drift and an isotropic diffusion term. The Karlovitz number is employed for the extinction criterion, which compares chemical and turbulent timescales. The integration of the above two-step analysis approach with non-reacting CFD is achieved through a general interpolation interface suitable for general unstructured CFD grids. The method is demonstrated for a methane/air bluff-body flame, in which flow and fuel/air mixing characteristics are extracted from a non-reacting simulation. Results show that the computed ignition probability map agrees qualitatively with experimental results. A reduction of the ignition probability in the recirculation zone and a high ignition probability on the shear layer of the recirculation zone near the mean stoichiometric surface are well captured. The tools can facilitate optimization of spark placement and offer insights into ignition processes.     

航空发动机高压转子试验模型的动力学相似设计

为了获得能够替代航空发动机转子原型进行动力学试验的模型，提出了发动机转子系统试验模型的动力学相似设计方法。采用相似理论推导了转子系统缩比模型的动力学相似准则，继而建立缩比模型与原型的动力学相似关系。通过动力学优化方法对转子缩比模型的动力学等效模型进行修正，目标函数由固有频率、临界转速和振型组成。以双转子发动机高压转子系统的动力学相似设计为例，通过有限元仿真对设计方法的有效性进行了验证。结果表明，在设计转速范围内，动力学相似模型与原型的前两阶临界转速相似误差分别为3.92%和0.86%，对应振型的相关性均大于0.98，且模型与原型的模态应变能分布基本一致。通过该方法获得的动力学相似模型能够较好地预测原型的动力学特性，并有效降低模型试验的成本和难度。     

Cross-sectional deformation of H96 brass double-ridged rectangular tube in rotary draw bending process with different yield criteria

Different yield criterion has great difference in predicting the deformation of tube with different material. In order to improve the prediction accuracy of the cross-sectional deformation of the double-ridged rectangular tube (DRRT) during rotary draw bending (RDB) process, Mises isotropic yield criterion, Hill’48 and Barlat/Lian anisotropic yield criteria commonly used in practical engineering are introduced to simulate RDB of DRRT. The inverse method combining uniaxial tensile test of whole tube and response surface methodology was proposed to identify the parameters of Hill’48 and Barlat/Lian yield criteria of small-sized H96 brass extrusion DRRT as well. Then based on ABAQUS/Explicit platform, the FE models of RDB process of DRRT considering Mises, Hill’48 and Barlat/Lian yield criteria were built. The results show that: The variation trend of cross-sectional deformation ratio is same when using different yield criteria. The cross-sectional deformation ratio by using Mises yield criterion is close to that by using Hill’48 yield criterion. However, there is a quite difference between by using Barlat/Lian yield criterion and by using Mises or Hill’48 yield criteria. The prediction values of cross-sectional height deformation by using three yield criteria all underestimate the experiment ones, and the prediction values of cross-sectional width deformation overestimate the experiment ones. By comparing the simulation results of cross-sectional deformation of the DRRT with different yield criteria and experiment ones, Barlat/Lian yield criterion is found to be suitable for describing the RDB process of DRRT.