Aerodynamic design of three-stage vaneless counter-rotating turbine

An aerodynamic design criterion was discussed for the 1+3/2 counter-rotating turbine by analyzing the velocity triangles. There are 8 key aerodynamic parameters in the criterion, based on the consideration of aerodynamic efficiency and some strength requirements. Then, an aerodynamic design for the 1+3/2 counter-rotating turbine was made according to the criterion, and a three-dimensional simulation was conducted for it. Finally, the conclusions were obtained. The criterion containing 8 key aerodynamic parameters is verified rationally and the efficiency of the turbine reaches 91%. The aerodynamic characteristics of 1+3/2 counter-rotating turbine are mainly decided by the load coefficient, and due to an optimal power distribution coefficient of the low pressure turbine, the efficiency of the low pressure turbine can be best.     

延性材料断裂准则与平面应变断裂韧度

延性材料的临界断裂规律对结构完整性评价和金属塑性成形分析具有重要意义,但相关的弹塑性断裂强度研究长期存在瓶颈。本文针对30Cr2Ni4MoV低压转子钢和3Cr13不锈钢,完成了不同应力三轴度的4类试样拉伸破坏试验,基于FAT （Finite-element-analysis Aided Testing）方法,通过有限元迭代分析实现试样的载荷-位移关系逼近,进而获得材料直至断裂的全程等效应力-应变关系,并以此通过有限元正向分析获取4种试样的临界断裂阈值和临界应力三轴度,提出了基于临界断裂单元的应力三轴度与第一主应力阈值之间的对数型断裂强度准则。结果表明,2种材料、4类试样的FAT阈值分析结果与断裂强度准则符合良好。最后,基于断裂强度准则提出了依据I型裂纹尖端的应力分布预测材料平面应变启裂断裂韧度的新方法,并获得了30Cr2Ni4MoV低压转子钢和3Cr13不锈钢的平面应变启裂断裂韧度,结合临界断裂准则和裂纹静态扩展机理,提出了I型裂纹的材料J阻力曲线的理论预测方法,并给出了30Cr材料的预测结果。     

含共线分布多裂纹板的剩余强度

采用各向异性体平面弹性理论中的复势方法，应用保角映射技术和Faber级数展开，导出在任意载荷作用下多裂纹板应力场的级数解，引入当量屈服应力修正裂尖塑性区，并利用Swift韧带屈服准则建立舍共线分布多裂纹结构的剩余强度分析模型，计算结果与试验结果吻合较好。文中还讨论了各裂纹参数对结构剩余强度的影响。计算结果表明，本文以当量屈服应力代替材料屈服应力，避免了复杂的弹塑性分析，思路简单有效。便于工程应用。     

A new stress-based multi-scale failure criterion of composites and its validation in open hole tension tests

A new stress-based multi-scale failure criterion is proposed based on a series of off-axis tension tests, and their corresponding fiber failure modes and matrix failure modes are determined at the microscopic level. It is a physical mechanism based, three-dimensional damage analysis criterion which takes into consideration the constituent properties on the macroscopic failure behavior of the composite laminates. A complete set of stress transformation, damage determination and evolution methods are established to realize the application of the multi-scale method in failure analysis. Open-hole tension（OHT） specimens of three material systems（CCF300/5228, CCF300/5428 and T700/5428） are tested according to ASTM standard D5766, and good agreements are found between the experimental results and the numerical predictions. It is found that fiber strength is a key factor influencing the ultimate strength of the laminates, while matrix failure alleviates the stress concentration around the hole. Different matchings of fiber and matrix result in different failure modes as well as ultimate strengths.     

基于速率限制的二类驾驶员诱发振荡评估方法

速率限制问题已成为引起电传飞机驾驶员诱发振荡问题的主要原因。以人-机系统为研究对象,探究了驾驶员诱发振荡产生的机理,建立了人-机系统驾驶员模型和飞机模型,揭示了速率限制因素对人-机系统稳定性的影响规律,评估了基于速率限制的二类PIO的OLOP预测准则。该准则能否作为二类PIO评估准则进行了严格审查,评估了作为设计工具的潜在性。     

基于修正M-K模型的铝合金板材成形极限图预测

为准确预测AA7075-O铝合金板材的成形极限,将韧性断裂准则和传统M-K模型相结合,提出一种基于韧性断裂准则的修正M-K模型.利用单向拉伸模拟和试验相结合的方法,提取危险单元的应力应变历史并代入C-L韧性断裂准则中,得到材料常数.基于单向拉伸试验所得成形极限点,通过MATLAB编程得到修正M-K模型的初始厚度不均度.在常温下,以单向拉伸、宽板弯曲、液压胀形试验获得AA7075-O铝合金板材的成形极限曲线,与修正M-K模型和传统M-K模型计算得到的理论成形极限曲线进行对比,验证了修正M-K模型的可行性和准确性.      

纤维缠绕气瓶设计分析

讨论了具有金属内衬的纤维缠绕气瓶在加压和卸压过程中的变形特性。依据网格理论,给出了纤维缠绕壳体的设计方法。对塑性性能良好的金属材料内衬,可用强度理论中的最大正应变准则进行强度设计。推导出气瓶卸压时内衬不失稳所应满足的条件。为使卸压时内衬不失稳,内衬与纤维缠绕壳体之间应有足够的粘接强度,而且内衬的壁厚应越薄越好。对壁厚较薄的内衬,给出了气瓶卸压时内衬不失稳的最小粘接强度的确定方法。算例表明,文中给出的设计分析方法,可用于具有金属内衬纤维缠绕气瓶的初步设计。     

复合材料损伤破坏判据适用性的实验研究

 <正> 一、复合材料损伤力学和损伤应变能释放率（y₂）破坏判据 作者近年来采用复合材料损伤力学研究方法对复合材料层板进行了理论与实验研究,提出了损伤应变能释放率（y₂）破坏判据,简述如下。 基于J.P.Cordebois等人提出的能量等效性假设,并引入有效应力概念,可导出损伤变量和损伤应变能释放率的表达式。在一维加载条件下它们的表达式分别为     

人机闭环特性试飞研究

人机闭环特性是飞机飞行品质验证的一个重要组成部分.以某型飞机为例,在试飞中采用俯仰倍脉冲、俯仰阶跃和驾驶员纵向扫频验证了GJB8785C中的Gibson准则和驾驶员在回路中的准则,用粗略截获、精确跟踪、双机编队等飞行方法,通过驾驶员评述和HQR评分系统,对现代军用飞机的人机闭环特性进行了验证和分析.     

含多处损伤未加筋铝合金-壁板的剩余强度

 进行了含多处损伤（MSD）的未加筋LY12CZ铝合金壁板的剩余强度试验。用0.12的钼丝切割预制裂纹,在垂直于裂纹面的方向施加单调增加的拉伸载荷,直至壁板破坏。得到了含不同裂纹几何的未加筋壁板的剩余强度。试验结果表明随着主裂纹长度增加,未加筋壁板的剩余强度减小;对相同的主裂纹长度,主裂纹和相邻的MSD裂纹之间的距离b减小,平板的剩余强度也减小。用5种失效准则分别计算了每个壁板的剩余强度。与试验结果的比较表明,净截面屈服准则和表观断裂韧性准则的误差较大,塑性区连通准则预测的平均误差为22.17%,改进的表观断裂韧性准则的平均误差为16.98%,而改进的塑性区连通准则预测的平均误差为8.27%,改进的塑性区连通准则大大提高了预测结果的精度。