A detailed FLUKA-2005 Monte-Carlo simulation for the ATIC detector

We have performed a detailed Monte-Carlo (MC) simulation for the Advanced Thin Ionization Calorimeter (ATIC) detector using the MC code FLUKA-2005 which is capable of simulating particles up to 10 PeV. The ATIC detector has completed two successful balloon flights from McMurdo, Antarctica lasting a total of more than 35 days. ATIC is designed as a multiple, long duration balloon flight, investigation of the cosmic ray spectra from below 50 GeV to near 100 TeV total energy; using a fully active Bismuth Germanate (BGO) calorimeter. It is equipped with a large mosaic of silicon detector pixels capable of charge identification, and, for particle tracking, three projective layers of x–y scintillator hodoscopes, located above, in the middle and below a 0.75 nuclear interaction length graphite target. Our simulations are part of an analysis package of both nuclear (A) and energy dependences for different nuclei interacting in the ATIC detector. The MC simulates the response of different components of the detector such as the Si-matrix, the scintillator hodoscopes and the BGO calorimeter to various nuclei. We present comparisons of the FLUKA-2005 MC calculations with GEANT calculations and with the ATIC CERN data.     

网上客户服务中心技术与方案建设

本文主要介绍了网上客户服务中心技术采用的三层体系架构,通过通用数据库业务接口的设计,采用J2EE技术和WebLogic开发平台开发Web服务,通过中间件来整合业务以及帐务系统的数据资源和业务逻辑。此方案能满足代理合作和客户自助服务的业务受理和查询的实际要求,能满足移动业务不断变化的需求,为新的业务支撑系统的建设进行了有益的探索。     

美国平流层飞艇发展计划和研制进展

分析了美国近期平流层飞艇的发展计划和研制进展。资料表明,由于平流层飞艇在国土防御和解决局部危机或冲突中具有重要的作用,美国军方各兵种对平流层飞艇有着明确而紧迫的需求,已将之列入到一些重要的军事规划中。目前其主要关键技术取得了突破,实现了平流层高度的飞行试验验证,平流层飞艇研制已进入实质性研制阶段。     

21世纪国外深空探测发展计划及进展

21世纪初期,国外深空探测计划层出不穷,各类深空探测器不断升空。文章主要概述新世纪各航天国家或地区的深空探测计划,并分别论述对月球、火星和其他行星以及小天体的探测计划及其进展,最后进行综合分析研究。     

政府投入科技项目绩效评价研究——基于管理决策角度

科学合理的科技项目绩效评价是政府部门优化科技资源配置和提高科技投入绩效的重要手段和基本保证。从管理决策的角度来构建一套科学合理的科技项目绩效评价体系,对于科技管理部门监管科技项目的运行具有十分重要的作用。在对政府投入科技项目的目标定位与基本原则进行清晰的界定后,从辅助科技管理部门进行管理决策的角度分析了科技项目的绩效评价阶段与评价内容,并在此基础上构建了基于管理决策的政府投入科技项目绩效评价体系,包括预评价、过程评价、验收评价和跟踪评价四个阶段的指标。     

Space-radiation-induced photon luminescence of the Moon

We report on the results of a continuing study of the photon luminescence of the Moon induced by Galactic Cosmic Rays (GCRs) and space radiation from the Sun, using the Monte Carlo program FLUKA. Understanding the space radiation environment is critical to future exploration of the Moon, and this includes photons. The model of the lunar surface is taken to be the chemical composition of soils found at various landing sites during the Apollo and Luna programs, averaged over all such sites to define a generic regolith for the present analysis. This surface model then becomes the target that is bombarded by Galactic Cosmic Rays (GCRs) and Solar Energetic Particles (SEPs) or Solar Particle Events (SPEs) above 1 keV in FLUKA to determine the photon fluence albedo produced by the Moon’s surface when there is no sunlight and Earthshine. The result is to be distinguished from the gamma-ray spectrum produced by the radioactive decay of radiogenic constituents lying in the surface and interior of the Moon. From the photon fluence we derive the spectrum which can be utilized to examine existing lunar spectral data and to aid future orbiting instrumentation in the measurement of various components of the space-radiation-induced photon luminescence present on the Moon.     

设备投资项目综合效益评价模型及应用

设备投资项目评价是设备管理中的一项基础性工作,选取某一工厂为研究对象,建立设备投资项目评价的KPI体系,运用层次分析法构造设备项目投资综合效益的评价模型,并将此应用于该工厂的实践。通过主成分分析和多元线性回归,得出设备投资项目综合效益函数,据此提出政策建议,并将此提炼为一般的应用法则。     

Lunar apex–antapex cratering asymmetry as an impactor recorder in the Earth–Moon system

The degree of apex–antapex cratering asymmetry of a synchronously rotating satellite primarily depends on the mean encounter velocity of impactors with respect to the planetary system and the orbital velocity of the satellite. This means that we can estimate the mean encounter velocity of impactors by observing the apex–antapex cratering asymmetry, if the relationship between these is known. To apply this technique to the Moon, we attempt to derive the relationship between the mean encounter velocity of impactors and the degree of the lunar cratering asymmetry as a function of time, considering the temporal variation in the lunar orbital velocity during the last 4.0 Gyr. We used the cratering asymmetry of Zahnle et al. [Zahnle, K., Schenk, P., Sobieszczyk, S. et al. Differential cratering of synchronously rotating satellites by ecliptic comets. Icarus 153, 111–129, 2001] to obtain the relationship. Applying this relationship enables us to estimate the impactor’s velocity of the Earth–Moon system from an investigation of the spatial distribution of lunar craters. Furthermore, we re-evaluate the cratering asymmetry’s influence on lunar cratering chronology.     

月球表面太空风化作用及其效应

太空风化作用普遍发生在月球、小行星等一些无大气层的天体表面, 主要包括太阳风离子辐射和微陨石撞击等作用. 通过对真实月球样品太空风化作用的研究成果以及低能离子和激光照射等地面模拟实验结果的系统综述和分析, 重点分析了月壤颗粒中非晶质层和纳米铁的成因, 指出太空风化研究中存在的太阳风离子辐射和微陨石撞击贡献难以区分及模拟实验模拟效果尚不充分的问题.进而提出月球太空风化研究不能简单套用其他天体的模型, 并建议未来开展更多月球和陨石样品的精细化学分析.      

多拦截器总体拦截方案设计与分析

多拦截器(MKV,Multiple Kill Vehicle Interceptor)通过采用一个运载母仓携带多个小型动能拦截器对目标实施动能拦截,有望克服传统动能拦截武器多目标识别及拦截的难题.以MKV对远程弹道导弹多弹头中段拦截为背景,设计了MKV的总体方案,分析了MKV基本作战流程;并分别针对MKV制导策略、释放策略、MKV机动能力对拦截的影响以及MKV目标分配策略等几个关键问题开展研究.仿真分析表明,采用所设计的MKV方案能够实现对远程弹道导弹多弹头的拦截.