基于SolidWorks的阵列特征设计

通过实例介绍了基于SolidWorks平台的机械零件阵列特征设计的方法.除了圆周阵列和线性阵列的规则阵列特征外,还有由草图驱动的阵列、表格驱动的阵列、曲线驱动的阵列等不规则阵列及随形阵列功能.对于具有相同结构特征的零件,有助于减少重复性工作,从而提高设计效率.     

Uncertainties in gravity wave parameters,momentum fluxes,and flux divergences estimated from multi-layer measurements of mesospheric nightglow layers

Measurements of dynamic parameters of atmospheric gravity waves, mainly the vertical wavelength, the momentum flux and the momentum flux divergence, are affected by large uncertainties crudely documented in the scientific literature. By using methods of error analysis, we have quantified these uncertainties for frequently observed temporal and spatial wave scales. The results show uncertainties of ～10%, ～35%, and ～65%, at least, in the vertical wavelength, momentum flux, and flux divergence, respectively. The large uncertainties in the momentum flux and flux divergence are dominated by uncertainties in the Brunt-Väisälä frequency and in spatial separation of the nightglow layers, respectively. The measured uncertainties in fundamental wave parameters such as the wave amplitude, intrinsic period, horizontal wavelength, and wave orientation are ～10% or less and estimated directly from our nightglow image data set. Other key environmental quantities such as the scale height and the Brunt-Väisälä frequency, frequently considered as constants in gravity wave parameter estimations schemes, are actually quite variable, presenting uncertainties of ～4% and ～9%, respectively, according to the several solar activity and seasonal atmosphere scenarios from the NRLMSISE-00 model simulated here.     

基于OpenGL的飞机飞行实测数据可视化研究

为实现飞机飞行历程实测数据的可视化,并检测飞行数据是否满足飞行大纲要求,运用OpenGL (Open Graphic Library)技术,研究了飞机的三维模型建模方法、特殊场景的生成技术和三维模型的实测数据驱动;建立了飞机的三维模型和飞行场景.基于飞行实测数据驱动方式,实现了飞机飞行历程数据的多视角可视化,直观地再现...     

单星无源探测弹道导弹射向估计新方法

天基预警系统是国家战略预警系统的重要组成部分,而单星探测预警是天基预警系统发展必经历程和重要环节,传统方法基于标准弹道模板先验信息支持,但标准弹道模板信息难以获取,无法实际应用.本文主要讨论在没有标准弹道模板先验信息支持的情况下,单颗预警卫星能否及早给出导弹射向估计的问题.通过建立弹道导弹飞行的动量模型和弹道平面切割模型,本文提出了基于单颗预警卫星观测视线对来袭导弹射向的估计算法,回答了单颗预警卫星观测情况下如何给出射向信息的问题,仿真计算结果表明,本文方法对于引导地基预警系统具有较高的精度和实用价值,本文方法亦可应用于各类单站无源探测(预警雷达,中低轨、大椭圆预警卫星等)的方位信息估计与空间目标机动的识别等问题.     

3 外涵变循环发动机循环参数匹配模拟

3外涵技术能使发动机涵道比调节范围更宽,使其在所有推力范围和全包线下性能最优。分析了带核心机驱动风扇级（CDFS）的3外涵变循环发动机工作机理,利用稳态性能数值仿真程序,开展了3外涵变循环发动机循环参数匹配模拟研究,得到发动机循环参数取值范围。研究结果表明：3外涵变循环发动机工作范围更广,重点是通过改变其涵道比来实现压比的变化和发动机模态的转变,最终实现3外涵变循环发动机的优越性能。     

核心机驱动风扇级气动参数径向分布对变循环发动机性能的影响

为了考虑部件流动细节对发动机性能的影响,采用迭代耦合方法建立了变循环发动机(Variable cycle engine,VCE)多维仿真模型。在VCE多维仿真模型中,核心机驱动风扇级(Core driven fan stage,CDFS)三维仿真模型的结果以流量修正因子、压比修正因子和等熵效率修正因子的形式反馈给VCE零维仿真模型,对CDFS的特性图进行修正。在考虑CDFS气动参数径向分布的影响时,根据CDFS涵道比及三维仿真结果,计算CDFS内、外涵的流量、压比及等熵效率,同时在VCE零维仿真模型中以CDFS外涵特性图的辅助变量β值取代CDFS涵道比作为迭代变量。结果表明:在VIGV角度为15°时,外涵区域的压比低于内涵区域的压比;而在VIGV角度为40°时,叶尖区域的流动分离更为严重,导致转子进口的攻角增大,转子叶尖区域的负荷加重,外涵区域的压比高于内涵区域的压比;CDFS气动参数径向分布对VCE性能有较为明显的影响,CDFS较高的内涵压比及较低的外涵压比可使发动机核心流流量增大及总增压比升高,进而引起发动机推力的增大,推力最大变化为1.75%。     

Stability-based SDRE controller for spacecraft momentum management

Momentum management of spacecraft aims to avoid the angular momentum accumulation of control momentum gyros through real-time attitude adjustment. An attitude control/momentum management controller based on state-dependent Riccati equation is developed for attitude-stabilized spacecraft. The governing equations of the system are formulated as three-axis coupled with full moment of inertia, which fully capture the nonlinearity of the system and are valid for systems with significant products of inertia or strong pitch to roll/yaw coupling. The state-dependent Riccati equation algorithm brings the nonlinear system to a linear structure having state dependent coefficients matrices and minimizing a quadratic-like performance index. The system equations are nondimensionalized, which avoid numerical problems at the same time make the weighting matrix more predictable. To guarantee closed-loop system stability, the state-dependent Riccati equation algorithm is also modified based on pole placement technique. The state-dependent Riccati equation is online calculated through the computational-efficient θ-D technique which reaches a tradeoff between control optimality and computation load. The dynamic characteristics of the system at torque equilibrium attitude are analyzed. Constraints on moment of inertia for successful momentum management are provided. Simulations demonstrate the excellent performance of the controller.     

自由飞行空间机器人捕捉运动目标的力矩控制算法及其仿真

本文研究了自由飞行空间机器人（ＦＦＳＲ）捕捉运动目标的力矩控制算法及其仿真。首先，建立了ＦＦＳＲ关节驱动力矩的求解算法；其次结合基于广义雅可比矩阵的分解运动速度控制方法提出了一种ＦＦＳＲ捕捉运动目标的力矩控制算法；最后，计算机仿真验证了本文提出算法的正确性。     

基于能量最优解析解的飞轮磁卸载方法

为改善传统卫星飞轮磁卸载,提出了一种基于能量最优解析解的磁卸载法。根据在轨卫星所处地磁场强度的变化规律,将卫星磁力矩器产生的磁矩作傅里叶级数展开,按卫星飞行一圈所需卸载的角动量由最优控制理论求出三轴磁矩的解析解。证明了该卸载法的稳定性,估算了干扰力矩及其作用,讨论了轨道倾角的影响,并给出了小倾角时的修正飞轮卸载控制律。理论分析和仿真结果表明,该飞轮卸载法简单且节能,效果明显优于传统的磁卸载法。     

Study on passive momentum exchange landing gear using two-dimensional analysis

This paper discusses a landing response control system based on the momentum exchange principle for planetary exploration spacecraft. In the past, landing gear systems with cantilever designs that incorporate honeycomb materials to dissipate shock energy through plastic deformation have been used, but once tested before launch, the system cannot be used in a real mission. The sky crane system used for the Mars Science Laboratory by NASA can achieve a safe and precise landing, but it is highly complex. This paper introduces a momentum exchange impact damper (MEID) that absorbs the controlled object׳s momentum with extra masses called damper masses. The MEID is reusable, which makes it easy to ensure the landing gear׳s reliability. In this system, only passive elements such as springs are needed. A single-axis (SA) model has already been used to verify the effectiveness of MEIDs through simulations and experiments measuring the rebound height of the spacecraft. However, the SA model cannot address the rotational motion and tipping of the spacecraft. This paper presents a two-landing-gear-system (TLGS) model in which multiple MEIDs are equipped for two-dimensional analysis. Unlike in the authors׳ previous studies, in this study each MEID is launched when the corresponding landing gear lands and the MEIDs do not contain active actuators. This mechanism can be used to realize advanced control specifications, and it is simply compared with previous mechanisms including actuators, in which all of the MEIDs are launched simultaneously. If each MEID works when the corresponding gear lands, the rebound height of each gear can be minimized, and tipping can be prevented, as demonstrated by the results of our simulations.