Cross-Scale Coupling Within Rolled-Up MHD-Scale Vortices and Its Effect on Large Scale Plasma Mixing Across the Magnetospheric Boundary

Kelvin-Helmholtz Instability (KHI) is an MHD-scale instability that grows in a velocity shear layer such as the low-latitude boundary layer of the magnetosphere. KHI is driven unstable when a velocity shear is strong enough to overcome the stabilization effect of magnetic field. When the shear is significantly strong, vortices in the nonlinear stage of KHI is so rolled-up as to situate magnetospheric plasma outward of the magnetosheath plasma and vice versa. The big question is if such highly rolled-up vortices contribute significantly to the plasma transport across the boundary and to the filling of the plasma sheet by cool magnetosheath component, which is observed under northward Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF) condition. Here we review our recent results from two-fluid simulations of MHD-scale KHI with finite electron inertia taken into account. The results indicate that there is coupling between the MHD-scale dynamics and electron-scale dynamics in the rolled-up stage of the vortices. While the details differ depending on the initial magnetic geometry, the general conclusion is that there is significant modification of the MHD-scale vortex flow pattern via coupling to the micro-physics. The kick-back from the parasitic micro-physics enhances highly the potential for large-scale plasma mixing of the parent MHD-scale vortices, which is prohibited by definition in ideal-MHD. We also review our recent 3-D MHD simulation results indicating that KHI vortex can indeed roll-up in the magnetotail-flank situation despite the strong stabilization by the lobe magnetic field. These results encouraged us to search for evidence of rolled-up vortices in the Cluster formation flying observations. As reviewed in this paper, a nice event was found during northward IMF interval. This interval is when the plasma transport via large scale reconnection becomes less efficient. The finding supports the argument that KHI is playing some role in transporting solar wind into the magnetosphere when the normal mode of transport cannot dominate.     

On Nonlinear-Evolution of C-type Instability in Nonparallel Boundary Layers

The process of evolution, especially that of nonlinear evolution, of C-type instability of laminar-turbulent flow transition in nonparallel boundary layers are studied by means of a newly developed method called parabolic stability equations （PSE）. Initial conditions, which are very important for the nonlinear problem, are investigated by computing initial solution of the harmonic waves, modifying the mean-flow-distortion, and giving initial value of TS wave and its subharmonic waves at initial station by solving linear PSE. A numerical method with high-order accuracy are developed in the text, the key normalization conditions in the PSE are satisfied, and nonlinear PSE are solved efficiently and implemented stably by the spatial marching. It has been shown that the computed process of nonlinear evolution of C-type instability in Blasius boundary layer is in good agreement with the experimental results.     

气/液界面上Richtmyer-Meshkov不稳定性的实验研究

报道了在国内首次实现的矩形激波管内气/液界面上(即Atwood number,A1)的Richtmyer-Meshkov(RM)不稳定性现象.实验在一台垂直矩形激波管中进行,得到了较低马赫数(M=1.36和1.58)下,多元扰动R-M不稳定性后期阶段气泡和尖钉高度对时间的增长规律,即气泡高度hb~t0.55±0.01,尖钉高度hs~t.当激波马赫数从1.36增加到1.58时,气泡和尖钉高度对时间的指数规律没有发生明显改变,气泡的增长速度没有受到影响,而尖钉增长速度却有大幅度的增加.同时还观察研究了多元扰动R-M不稳定性中典型的气泡竞争现象.     

不同速度波动下氢含量变化对氢气-甲烷钝体火焰燃烧不稳定性的影响

针对燃气轮机贫燃预混条件下容易产生燃烧不稳定问题,探究了不同氢含量对氢气-甲烷混合气钝体火焰燃烧不稳定性的影响,用于获得燃烧不稳定性的控制方法.通过像增强相机(ICCD)、光电倍增管(PMT)、卡塞格林定点采集等装置获得火焰图像,并借助火焰传递函数描述火焰对声场的响应特性.由此得到了不同速度波动A下氢气含量变化(0％,...     

II型裂纹扩展与绝热剪切带传播的数值对比

通过数值计算的方法,对比绝热剪切带内裂纹扩展和预制II型疲劳裂纹扩展的动态性能参数。分析热塑失稳现象中裂纹的传播与绝热剪切带传播的关系。采用ABAQUS/CAE进行二维模型建立,预制疲劳裂纹和绝热剪切带,分析计算了材料在2种情况的应力应变时间曲线、II型动态应力强度时间历程以及裂纹扩展速度。计算结果表明,预制绝热剪切带与预制疲劳裂纹对于材料的破坏方式影响一致,即裂纹跟随绝热剪切带传播最终导致材料失效。     

About the equilibrium and stability of the magnetopause

This paper offers a model of the magnetopause based on the theory of the contact discontinuity; the boundary layer between the two states of space plasma. The structure of the magnetopause is explored for the effects of polarization, and the profiles of the polarizing electrostatic field are obtained.     

About the equilibrium and stability of non-electroneutral current sheaths

In this paper, we prove the necessity of using the Cauchy problem, i.e., initial value problem, for solving the equilibrium (steady state) current sheet. In this connection, it appears that equilibrium current sheaths exhibit structural instability.     

某型液体火箭发动机燃烧不稳定性鉴定实验研究

采用脉冲枪装置,在液体火箭发动机燃烧室中产生燃烧波,对发动机燃烧过程进行人为激励;通过实验参数测量系统,测量激励前后燃烧室的脉动压力和机械振动频率等参数,分析燃烧室脉动压力的振荡衰减率,进行发动机燃烧不稳定性鉴定实验研究.结果表明:该型液体火箭发动机燃烧过程对脉冲扰动是稳定的.     

边界形状影响等离子体射流扩展特性的实验研究

为了探索燃烧室边界形状在控制燃烧稳定性方面的特性,设计了圆柱型和圆柱渐扩型充液室,运用高速录像系统研究了等离子体射流在充液室中的扩展过程。结果表明：等离子体射流在液体工质中扩展时,等离子体一液体两相流体速度差较大,TaylorHelmh01tz不稳定效应强烈,圆柱型充液室中,Taylor空腔界面自由,界面增长随机脉动性较大;渐扩型充液室能够使两相流边界受到约束,使Taylor空腔沿着充液室边界逐级扩展,从而减弱了Taylor-Helmholtz不稳定效应,有效抑制了界面增长的随机脉动性。放电电压、喷嘴直径和渐扩结构因子△D／L对Taylor空腔扩展过程均有不同程度的影响,通过对这些参数的优化匹配,可以在一定程度上实现对射流扩展过程的控制。     

The structure of Kelvin–Helmholtz vortices with super-sonic flow

We have done two-dimensional simulations of the Kelvin–Helmholtz instability (KHI) with super-sonic flow using the CIP method. The linear analyses of a simple uniform density case show that the KHI cannot grow vigorously when the velocity jump is more than twice the sound speed (when the flow speed relative to the vortex is super-sonic). In this study, by situating a high density contrast across the shear layer, we set the flow in only one of the sides to be super-sonic and then show that the KHI does grow and rolls up a vortex. The formation of a shock is essential for the KHI vigorous growth and the structure of the vortex is strongly influenced by the shock geometry. The results should have substantial implications to velocity shear layer dynamics involving large density jump, such as planetary magnetospheric boundary layers.