基于等效板的含离散源损伤机翼结构分析

研究离散源损伤对机翼结构的影响,可以大幅度提高飞机在不良损伤事故下的生存能力.由于机翼内部结构复杂,很难对含离散源损伤机翼结构进行精确分析,而且精确的建模和仿真在建模与计算过程中往往也非常耗时.因此,以含离散源损伤机翼为对象,采用有限元优化设计方法,确立了一种机翼结构等效板模型的建模方法.建立的等效板模型可对含离散源损伤机翼实现快速、准确的静力学和动力学分析.     

基于SP-ABC算法的数控铣削参数优化

针对铣削加工中成本最低的优化问题,采用一种改进的人工蜂群(SP-ABC)算法对铣削参数进行优化.在基本ABC算法的基础上,嵌入粒子群(PSO)算法,以提高算法的局部寻优能力.此外,不同于传统的单工序优化,建立的优化目标模型,在考虑实际生产过程中的各种约束条件下,可同时对粗、精两个阶段多道工序同步进行优化.计算机仿真结果表明,相较其他的基本算法,该算法能够找到更优的铣削参数组合,从而实现铣削加工过程的成本最低化.     

石英加速度计离心机试验误差系数显著性分析

提出了一种针对石英加速度计精密离心机试验的显著性分析方法.在多位置方法分离加速度计误差系数时,由于激励不足等试验条件的限制,无法保证高次项系数的标定结果正确.离心机试验利用离心机提供的向心加速度作为仪表的输入,能够标定出高次项系数.为了确定被标定的误差系数均具有可信度,有必要对高过载试验结果进行分析,保留可信的误差系数,证明使用的误差模型无误.由于此方法的通用性,在其他试验条件下的误差分离试验中仍可运用.     

零件表面微观工艺特征性研究 ——产品(零件)工艺技术基础科学问题机理探索

通过研究产品(零件)制造过程、方法、参数等工艺因素,给零件表面及表层带来(留下)特有的微观特征性,首次在高精度惯性仪表和高可靠电磁继电器(机电类)产品制造体系中引入了零件表面微观工艺特征性概念,提出了制造阶段的产品工艺可靠性设计和微观工艺特征(性)分析方法,提出了该类产品制造中的工艺设计更应该关注零件与产品设计原理匹配性和性能特性符合性观点,提出零件制造要从单纯的控制几何精度向控制性能特性转变,从宏观、单一采标的几何参数评价向微观、综合采标的非几何(非尺寸)参数评价模式为主转变的建议.零件表面存在的这种微观特征现象与零件几何精度一样,将对产品制造的合格率、稳定性、可靠性的实现起到至关重要的作用,尤其对产品的合格率影响极大,有必要开展更深入、更系统的研究,以建立起我国自主的高端产品(或零件)制造基准工艺平台.     

Comparison of peak characteristics of F2 ionospheric layer over Tehran region at a low solar activity period with IRI-2001 and IRI-2007 models predictions

In the present work values of peak electron density (NmF2) and height of F2 ionospheric layer (hmF2) over Tehran region at a low solar activity period are compared with the predictions of the International Reference Ionosphere models (IRI-2001 and IRI-2007). Data measured by a digital ionosonde at the ionospheric station of the Institute of Geophysics, University of Tehran from July 2006 to June 2007 are used to perform the calculations. Formulations proposed by  and  are utilized to calculate the hmF2. The International Union of Radio Science (URSI) and International Radio Consultative Committee (CCIR) options are employed to run the IRI-2001 and IRI-2007 models. Results show that both IRI-2007 and IRI-2001 can successfully predict the NmF2 and hmF2 over Tehran region. In addition, the study shows that predictions of IRI-2007 model with CCIR coefficient has closer values to the observations. Furthermore, it is found that the monthly average of the percentage deviation between the IRI models predictions and the values of hmF2 and NmF2 parameters are less than 10% and 21%, respectively.     

Mechanism parameters optimization of bionic frog jumping robot based on velocity directional manipulability measure

以速度方向可操作度作为跳跃性能的评价指标,从机构设计角度寻求改善仿蛙跳跃机器人跳跃性能的方法.在仿蛙跳跃机器人机构模型的基础上,建立了起跳阶段的运动学方程,得到机器人从关节空间到质心运动空间的速度映射关系,结合速度方向可操作度,利用优化算法对仿蛙跳跃机器人的机构参数进行优化,使机器人的跳跃性能达到最佳.优化结果表明,运用速度方向可操作度理论,对跳跃机器人机构参数进行优化研究是有效可行的.     

Using the MIR bands in vegetation indices for the estimation of grassland biophysical parameters from satellite remote sensing in the Alps region of Trentino (Italy)

Development of new methods for estimating biophysical parameters can be considered one of the most important targets for the improvement of grassland parameters estimation at full canopy cover. In fact, accurate assessment methods of biophysical characteristics of vegetation are needed in order to avoid the uncertainties of carbon terrestrial sinks.

Remote sensing is a valid tool for scaling up ecosystem measurements towards landscape levels serving a wide range of applications, many of them being related to carbon-cycle models. The aim of this study was to test the suitability of satellite platform sensors in estimating grassland biophysical parameters such as LAI, biomass, phytomass, and Green herbage ratio (GR). Also, we wanted to compare some of the most common NIR and red/green-based vegetation indices with ones that also make use of the MIR band, in relation to their ability to predict grassland biophysical parameters.

Ground-truth measurements were taken on July 2003 and 2004 on the Monte Bondone plateau (Italian Alps, Trento district) in grasslands varying in land use and management intensities. From satellite platforms, an IRS-1C-LISS III image (18/07/2003; 25 m resolution in the visible-NIR and 70 m resolution in the MIR) and a SPOT 5 image (27/07/2004, 10 m resolution in the visible-NIR and MIR) were used.

LAI, biomass, and phytomass measurements showed logarithmic relationships with the investigated NIR and red/green-based indices. GreenNDVI showed the highest R² values (0.59, IRS 2003; 0.60, SPOT 2004). Index saturation occurred above approximately 100–150 g m⁻² of biomass (LAI 1.5–2). On the other hand, GR relationships were shown to be linear. MIR-based indices performed better than NIR and red/green-based ones in estimating biophysical variables, with no saturation effect. Biomass showed a linear regression with Canopy Index (MIR/green ratio) and with the Normalised Canopy Index (NCI) calculated as a normalised difference between MIR and green bands (IRS: R² = 0.91 and 0.90, respectively. SPOT: R² = 0.63 and 0.64). Similar correlations could also be found for LAI and phytomass, and GR predictability was shown to be higher than NDVI and GreenNDVI. According to these results obtained in the investigated areas, phytomass, biomass, LAI, and GR are linearly correlated with the investigated MIR band indices and as a result, these parameters could be estimated from the adopted satellite platforms with limited saturation problems.     

自由返回轨道的P平面参数快速设计方法

针对自由返回轨道求解过程中地心轨道类型变化造成的B平面参数方法计算失败问题,提出一种基于P平面参数的自由返回轨道快速设计方法。首先,基于轨道半通径参数的普适性,给出了不同轨道类型的P平面参数定义,建立了以P平面参数为求解目标量的自由返回轨道求解模型。其次,给出了基于P平面参数的自由返回轨道快速设计方法,在构建的瞬时地月惯性系下,以平面双二体自由返回轨道作为初值,实现了高精度力模型下的自由返回轨道快速求解。对8种构型自由返回轨道的设计结果表明,P平面参数具有类似于B平面参数的大收敛域,且有效解决了轨道类型变化对计算的影响,可直接应用于中国后续月球探测任务轨道设计。     

Singular formalism and admissible control of spacecraft with rotating flexible solar array

This paper is concerned with the attitude control of a three-axis-stabilized spacecraft which consists of a central rigid body and a flexible sun-tracking solar array driven by a solar array drive assembly. Based on the linearization of the dynamics of the spacecraft and the modal identi- ties about the flexible and rigid coupling matrices, the spacecraft attitude dynamics is reduced to a formally singular system with periodically varying parameters, which is quite different from a space- craft with fixed appendages. In the framework of the singular control theory, the regularity and impulse-freeness of the singular system is analyzed and then admissible attitude controllers are designed by Lyapunov＇s method. To improve the robustness against system uncertainties, an H∞ optimal control is designed by optimizing the H∞ norm of the system transfer function matrix. Comparative numerical experiments are performed to verify the theoretical results.     

结合损伤力学与有限元方法预估铆接结构疲劳寿命

利用飞机铆接试验件疲劳试验数据,结合损伤力学与有限元方法,通过MATLAB调用ABAQUS进行损伤演化方程参数的遗传优化反演。将反演得到的损伤演化方程用于飞机结构疲劳寿命预估中,对机翼蒙皮锪窝形式的铆接结构进行了寿命计算和分析,并与试验数据作对比,证明了方法的可行性。