SRAM型FPGA的抗SEU方法研究

通过分析静态随机访问存储器(Static Random Access Memorg,SRAM)型现场可编程门阵列(Field Programable Gate Array,FPGA)遭受空间单粒子翻转(SEU)效应的影响,并比较几种常见的抗SEU技术:三模冗余(Triple Module Redwcdancy,TMR)、纠错码(Error Correction Code,ECC)和擦洗(Scrubbing),提出了一种硬件、时间冗余相结合的基于双模块冗余比较的抗SEU设计方法。在FPGA平台上对线性反馈移位寄存器(Linear Feedback Shift Register,LFSR)逻辑进行软件仿真的抗SEU验证实现,将各种容错设计方法实现后获得的实验数据进行分析比较。结果表明,64阶LFSR的抗SEU容错开销与基于硬件的TMR方法相比,可以节省92%的冗余逻辑资源;与基于时间的TMR相比,附加时间延迟缩短26%。     

多连杆检测系统的误差补偿与试验

介绍了一种多连杆检测系统，对其误差进行了分析，提出了一种误差补偿的方法－－多元样条函数拟合播值法，试验表明方案可行，可基本消除系统误差。     

自适应预测补偿的迭代制导方法及其应用研究

针对迭代制导完成后入轨参数或终端程序角修正问题,研究一种基于模型参考的自适应预测补偿迭代制导算法在运载火箭上的应用。该算法在经典迭代制导算法的基础上,根据预测的迭代终端程序角和飞行视加速度的参考模型,对关机点参数进行补偿,依据补偿后的终端指标重新规划飞行轨迹,进而得出满足入轨参数或终端程序角偏差修正的制导指令,提升迭代制导对入轨参数偏差或终端程序角的修正能力。此外,阐述了经典迭代制导的基本算法,概括了自适应预测补偿迭代制导算法的基本原理,并以大推力直接入轨、终端程序角大偏差以及满足终端程序角约束为例,给出相应工况的自适应预测补偿的迭代制导算法。仿真结果表明：该算法对入轨参数和终端程序角偏差具有一定的修正能力。     

基于微波辐射测量的电波折射修正技术

针对电波折射修正精度直接影响无线电系统的探测和定位精度这一问题,提出了利用微波辐射计反演大气折射率剖面进行电波折射修正的解决方法,并引入RBF（Radial Basis Function,径向基）神经网络算法反演大气折射率.在青岛市气象局架设MP-3000A型多通道微波辐射计,开展了长达1个月的与探空数据的联合观测比对实验,对输出的大气折射率剖面进行了详细的分析.实验结果表明：RBF神经网络算法与MP-3000A自带的神经网络算法相比,反演大气折射率剖面的精度提高了30％以上,同时,电波折射修正的精度也得以提高.因此,利用微波辐射计反演大气折射率剖面进行电波折射修正方法可行.     

基于简化误差修正的卫星姿态确定算法

针对典型的星敏感器/陀螺姿态卫星确定算法运算复杂这一问题,提出了一种基于简化误差修正的星敏感器/陀螺卫星姿态确定算法.通过对陀螺角速度进行简化修正,减少了滤波器的状态变量,降低滤波器的复杂性.仿真结果表明：该算法在保证姿态确定精度的条件下,能够减少运算量,提高算法的实时性.     

基于焦面哈特曼波前传感器的大视场高精度波前测量技术论证

气动光学效应容易对导引头目标成像跟踪系统产生不良影响,然而传统哈特曼波前传感器由于探测视场小,无法作用于导引头的目标成像跟踪系统。介绍了一种能够大视场测量的焦面哈特曼波前传感器,同时针对传统模式法无法在焦面哈特曼中进行高精度测量的问题,提出了一种能够高精度测量的优化波前复原算法——基于Gerchberg-Saxton迭代的波前复原算法。然后,根据满足大视场测量的结构设计,搭建了仿真平台,利用优化的波前复原算法对仿真输入像差进行复原。最后,利用多个激光器搭建了大视场波前复原实验平台,并验证了焦面哈特曼波前传感器具有能够实现高精度大视场波前测量的能力。     

壁温对压缩拐角流动影响的数值模拟研究

压缩拐角是高超声速飞行器上的典型非连续区域,其分离/再附结构对局部热环境有较大影响。本文采用基于Navier-Stokes方程的自研程序,开展了典型压缩拐角外形的气动热环境数值模拟研究,分析了不同壁温条件下压缩拐角的热环境分布规律。计算结果表明:随着壁温升高,流场整体结构变化不大,但由于近壁面流体物性参数变化较大,导致拐角分离涡分离点向前移动、再附点向后移动,拐角处干扰区扩大;压缩拐角大部分区域的热流随着壁温的升高而减小,且干扰区内热流减小的幅度比无干扰区更大,但热流并不完全遵循随壁温升高而减小的规律。另外,通过对比变壁温计算热流和热壁修正公式修正热流,发现热壁修正公式在干扰区存在精度降低、适用性不足的问题。本文的研究进一步加深了壁温对压缩拐角流动影响的认识,缩小了热壁修正公式的适用范围。     

红外地球敏感器测量误差分析及修正方法

红外地球敏感器作为卫星平台重要设备，在对地指向、姿态测量和天文自主导航等方面发挥着重要作用，高精度的地球敏感器量对于提高卫星姿态控制和天文自主导航精度具有重要意义。本文通过分析地敏测量误差的影响因素，提出随季节变化的地球CO2辐射特性是影响地敏测量精度的重要因素;根据地球辐射模型构建了地敏测量修正方法，结合在轨实测数据分析验证，证明可以大大降低由地球辐射不均匀引发的误差，有效压缩地敏在轨测量误差。     

Performance assessment of RTPPP positioning with SSR corrections and PPP-AR positioning with FCB for multi-GNSS from MADOCA products

The state-space representation (SSR) product of satellite orbit and clock is one of the most essential corrections for real-time precise point positioning (RTPPP). When it comes to PPP ambiguity resolution (PPP-AR), the fractional cycle bias (FCB) matters. The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) has developed a multi-GNSS (i.e., global navigation satellite system) advanced demonstration tool for orbit and clock analysis (MADOCA), providing free and precise orbit and clock products. Because of the shortage of relevant studies on performance evaluation, this paper focuses on the performance assessment of RTPPP and PPP-AR by real-time and offline MADOCA products. To begin with, the real-time MADOCA products are evaluated by comparing orbit and clock with JAXA final products, which gives an objective impression of the correction. Second, PPP tests in static and simulated kinematic mode are conducted to further verify the quality of real-time MADOCA products. Finally, the offline MADOCA products are assessed by PPP and PPP-AR comparisons. The results are as follows: (1) Orbit comparisons produced an average error of about 0.04–0.13 m for the global positioning system (GPS), 0.14–0.16 m for the global navigation satellite system (GLONASS), and 0.07–0.08 m for the quasi-zenith satellite system (QZSS). The G15 satellite had the most accurate orbit, with a difference of 0.04 m between the JAXA orbit products and MADOCA’s counterpart, while the R07 satellite had the least accurate orbit with a difference of 0.16 m. Clock products had an accuracy of 0.4–1.3 ns for GPS, 1.4–1.6 ns for GLONASS, and 0.7–0.8 ns for QZSS in general. The G15 satellite had the most accurate clock with a difference of only 0.40 ns between the JAXA clock products and MADOCA products, and the R07 satellite had the least accurate clock with a difference of 1.55 ns. The orbit and clock products for GLONASS performed worse than those of GPS and QZSS. (2) After convergence, the positioning accuracy was 3.0–8.1 cm for static PPP and 8.1–13.7 cm for kinematic PPP when using multi-GNSS observations and precise orbit and clock products. The PFRR station performed the good performance both in static and kinematic mode with an accuracy of 2.99 cm and 8.08 cm, respectively, whereas the CPNM station produced the worst static performance with an error of 8.09 cm, and the ANMG station produced the worst kinematic performance with a counterpart of 13.69 cm. (3) The PPP-AR solution was superior to the PPP solution, given that, with respect to PPP, post-processing PPP-AR improved the positioning accuracy and convergence time by 13–32 % (3–89 %) in GPS-only mode by 2–15 % (5–60 %) in GPS/QZSS mode. Thus, we conclude that the current MADOCA products can provide SSR corrections and FCB products with positioning accuracy at the decimeter or even centimeter level, which could meet the demands of the RTPPP and PPP-AR solutions.     

Android智能手机双频GNSS伪距差分动态定位性能分析

随着智能手机全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)天线和芯片从单频单模向多频多模快速发展,基于其所衍生出来的位置服务(LBS)应用极大地便利了大众用户的日常生活.然而受限于低成本、低功耗的信号接收与处理单元,手机在无增强信息的情况下仅依赖伪距单点定位难以为用户提供稳定、高精度的导航服务.因此,基于小米8手机(Mi8)的GNSS双频原始数据,采用非组合的双频伪距观测值、载波历元差分观测值和多普勒观测值构建了滤波定位模型,并引入伪距差分数据,以提升手机定位的连续性和精度.在较复杂环境下开展了行人和车载实验,实测结果表明:双频定位精度与单频相比提升了15％～30％,伪距差分定位精度和单点定位相比提升了5％～20％,行人和车载双频伪距差分定位的平面位置误差分别为0.65m和1.03m,基本满足手机用户在城市复杂环境下的高精度定位服务需求.