含噪信号经验模式分解虚假分量识别方法

针对含噪信号Hilbert-Huang变换存在虚假分量,提出改进的奇异值分解(SVD)方法进行降噪,改进包含两个部分:一是利用重构相空间代替传统矩阵如Hankel矩阵,以去掉信号冗余,再者提出奇异值能量熵分量差分法,更易于定出重构奇异值阶次;二是提出了频谱比值法对虚假分量进行辨识,更有效辨识出虚假分量.首先利用经验模式分解(EMD)得到本征模式分量(IMF),识别并剔除趋势项,重构信号,然后进行SVD,重构降噪后的信号,消除虚假分量,最后进行时频分析.联合方法应用于含噪仿真信号,信噪比(signal noise ratio,SNR)提高了5.5%,虚假分量辨识率提高至100%,用于双跨转子故障振动信号,得到正确的时频结果,表明了所提方法识别含噪信号虚假分量的有效性.     

中国深空网首次△DOR联合测轨试验分析

通过分析中国深空网首次△DOR（Delta Differential One way Ranging,双差分单向测距）联合测轨试验的干涉测量事后数据,重点从观测量随机精度、闭合时延等方面讨论了国内深空网与国内VLBI（Very Long Baseline Interferometry,甚长基线干涉测量）观测网、国内深空网与国际深空网的联合干涉处理情况,并与ESOC（European Space Operation Center,欧洲空间操作中心）数据处理结果进行了比对.试验结果表明：我国深空网已具备独立或联合开展深空探测器导航测轨的系统支持能力;深空站系统具备高速率数据接收、采集、记录、传输能力,采集数据处理精度优于1 ns;深空网干涉测量信号处理中心具备多体制信号的干涉处理分析能力,其分析精度与ESOC处理精度差异在0.1 ns量级.     

空间站维修性系统设计与验证方法研究

空间站在轨运行时间长,因此需采用维修性设计和在轨维修的方法实现长寿命高可靠在轨运行。根据维修性设计理论,结合工程实际,提出了基于产品特性分析的维修需求分析方法和维修支持下的可靠度计算方法。明确了系统维修性设计应包括布局、供电、信息、故障检测、维修工作模式等设计内容。并根据维修难度,提出了四级维修策略。最后根据在轨维修特点,提出了地面试验验证和仿真验证的方法。为空间站系统维修性设计提供了一个技术途径。     

交会对接寻的段水平双脉冲交会轨道精确求解

基于考虑摄动影响的精确轨道动力学模型,对交会对接寻的段水平双脉冲交会轨道的精确求解方法进行了研究。提出了将控制脉冲的俯仰角近似转化为控制时刻的轨道幅角,从而调整脉冲控制时刻以消除径向速度增量的方法,精确求解首末水平双脉冲的启控时刻;引入导引终点位置偏差的比例控制方法,精确求解水平双脉冲的精确控制量。仿真结果表明,2轮整体迭代可获得首末水平脉冲控制时刻和控制量的精确值,脉冲水平特性达到俯仰角小于1°,导引终点相对位置精度达到10m,验证了该方法的正确性。     

空间核动力技术概览与发展脉络初探

在概略介绍现有技术方案基础上,初步探讨空间核动力技术的发展脉络,并分析其未来发展方向.基于固体核反应堆的空间核电源、核电推进及核热推进,是经过试验验证可行、具有一定技术基础并可预期实现空间应用的空间核动力技术.更先进的概念方案包括:基于气体核反应堆的核电源/核热推进、脉冲核爆推进、核裂变碎片推进等,它们的性能逐代跨越直至逼近理论极限.要充分利用核能的潜力,一方面需要提高单位质量核燃料的核能释放率,另一方面也需要减少核反应产物动能转换为无轨热运动的比率.核能潜力的充分利用需要以增加系统质量为代价.为满足未来宽广的空间任务需求,多物理机制驱动的大深度变工况一体化核能空间动力系统是未来必然发展趋势.     

Medical survey of European astronauts during Mir missions

This paper reviews the medical operations performed on six European astronauts during seven space missions on board the space station Mir. These missions took place between November 1988 and August 1999, and their duration ranged from 14 days to 189 days. Steps of pre-flight medical selection and flight certification are presented. Countermeasures program used during the flight, as well as rehabilitation program following short and long-duration missions are described. Also reviewed are medical problems encountered during the flight, post-flight physiological changes such as orthostatic intolerance, exercise capacity, blood composition, muscle atrophy, bone density, and radiation exposure.     

Cutting the bread

Why the draft Treaty on the Prevention of the Placement of Weapons in Outer Space, the Threat or Use of Force Against Outer Space Objects (PPWT) will not work - whereas the Code of Conduct for Outer Space Activities may.     

Precursor to an African Space Agency: Commentary on Dr Peter Martinez “Is there a need for an African Space Agency?”

In 2012 a working group was established to formulate the African space policy and strategy which would lead to the establishment of an African Space Agency (ASA). Dr Peter Martinez asserts in his article “Is there a need for an African Space Agency?” [1] that the arguments that have been posited in support of an ASA are flawed; namely the arguments of the existing example of the European Space Agency (ESA), and that an ASA would lead to fostering competition, synergy, industrial development and capacity building. While this viewpoint agrees that all the perfect conditions may not exist at present for the creation of an ASA, it addresses some of the issues raised by Martinez, and proposes ideas to foster intra-regional cooperation.     

Kinetic Excitation Mechanisms for ION-Cyclotron Kinetic Alfvén Waves in Sun-Earth ConnectionI

We study kinetic excitation mechanisms for high-frequency dispersive Alfvén waves in the solar corona, solar wind, and Earth's magnetosphere. The ion-cyclotron and Cherenkov kinetic effects are important for these waves which we call the ion-cyclotron kinetic Alfvén waves (ICKAWs). Ion beams, anisotropic particles distributions and currents provide free energy for the excitation of ICKAWs in space plasmas. As particular examples we consider ICKAW instabilities in the coronal magnetic reconnection events, in the fast solar wind, and in the Earth's magnetopause. Energy conversion and transport initiated by ICKAW instabilities is significant for the whole dynamics of Sun-Earth connection chain, and observations of ICKAW activity could provide a diagnostic/predictive tool in the space environment research. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

空间群Pn3mPn3P23子群链耦合系数的计算

本文利用陈金全教授的本征函数法计算了Pn3m Pn3 P2 3空间群的母分系数。最后的计算结果表明 ,用陈金全教授的本征函数法所求得的母分系数确实满足幺正、归一性 ,同时也证明了本征函数法对于求母分系数同样适用