Global Response of Martian Plasma Environment to an Interplanetary Structure: From Ena and Plasma Observations at Mars

As a part of the global plasma environment study of Mars and its response to the solar wind, we have analyzed a peculiar case of the subsolar energetic neutral atom (ENA) jet observed on June 7, 2004 by the Neutral Particle Detector (NPD) on board the Mars Express satellite. The “subsolar ENA jet” is generated by the interaction between the solar wind and the Martian exosphere, and is one of the most intense sources of ENA flux observed in the vicinity of Mars. On June 7, 2004 (orbit 485 of Mars Express), the NPD observed a very intense subsolar ENA jet, which then abruptly decreased within ∼10 sec followed by quasi-periodic (∼1 min) flux variations. Simultaneously, the plasma sensors detected a solar wind structure, which was most likely an interplanetary shock surface. The abrupt decrease of the ENA flux and the quasi-periodic flux variations can be understood in the framework of the global response of the Martian plasma obstacle to the interplanetary shock. The generation region of the subsolar ENA jet was pushed towards the planet by the interplanetary shock; and therefore, Mars Express went out of the ENA jet region. Associated global vibrations of the Martian plasma obstacle may have been the cause of the quasi-periodic flux variations of the ENA flux at the spacecraft location.     

CE/SE法模拟爆震波点火及传播过程

运用时空守恒元和解元(CE/SE)法模拟一维爆震波的形成及传播过程,分析产生爆震波的不同机理和DDT(爆燃-爆震转捩)过程的影响因素.采取激波点火和热点点火两种点火方式,分别对应SDT(激波-爆震转捩)和DDT过程,热点点火初始场采用线性温度分布和阶梯性温度分布,整个管道均为常压.用隐式梯形方法实现刚性源项积分.结果表明,SDT和DDT对应于不同的爆震波机理,并且DDT受点火区不同参数的影响,为研究爆震波点火和DDT过程提供了理论依据.     

The Grain Impact Analyser and Dust Accumulator (GIADA) Experiment for the Rosetta Mission: Design, Performances and First Results

The Grain Impact Analyser and Dust Accumulator (GIADA) onboard the ROSETTA mission to comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko is devoted to study the cometary dust environment. Thanks to the rendezvous configuration of the mission, GIADA will be plunged in the dust environment of the coma and will be able to explore dust flux evolution and grain dynamic properties with position and time. This will represent a unique opportunity to perform measurements on key parameters that no ground-based observation or fly-by mission is able to obtain and that no tail or coma model elaborated so far has been able to properly simulate. The coma and nucleus properties shall be, then, clarified with consequent improvement of models describing inner and outer coma evolution, but also of models about nucleus emission during different phases of its evolution. GIADA shall be capable to measure mass/size of single particles larger than about 15 μm together with momentum in the range 6.5 × 10⁻¹⁰ ÷ 4.0 × 10⁻⁴ kg m s⁻¹ for velocities up to about 300 m s⁻¹. For micron/submicron particles the cumulative mass shall be detected with sensitivity 10⁻¹⁰ g. These performances are suitable to provide a statistically relevant set of data about dust physical and dynamic properties in the dust environment expected for the target comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko. Pre-flight measurements and post-launch checkouts demonstrate that GIADA is behaving as expected according to the design specifications. The International GIADA Consortium (I, E, UK, F, D, USA).     

基于最优误差动力学的时间角度控制制导律

针对带有攻击时间和终端攻击角度约束的导弹制导问题,设计了一种基于最优误差动力学的时间角度控制制导律,并给出了明确的性能指标。推导广义最优角度控制制导律作用下的剩余飞行时间估算表达式,在广义最优角度控制制导律的基础上增加攻击时间误差反馈项,将攻击时间误差看做跟踪误差,设计的制导律使跟踪误差以最优模式在有限时间内收敛到零,最终实现攻击时间和终端攻击角度的共同控制。对不同参数下的情况进行仿真,验证了所提制导律的有效性。     

任务期间考虑故障件报废无补给下的多级装备可用度评估

针对任务期间普遍存在的故障件报废问题,提出了一种适用于多等级多层级航空装备的可用度近似评估方法。首先通过忽略维修和运输时间将存在报废率的可修件等效为消耗件,然后分别通过后方保障中心对飞行基地备件量的分配以及下层级部件对上层级部件备件量的折算,将多等级多层级备件模型转化为单等级单层级模型,最后利用伽马分布的可加性得到整个保障系统的装备可用度。在实际算例中,通过与仿真结果的对比得出:当维修和运输时间较小或飞行基地备件配置充足时,本文提出的近似评估方法具有较高的精度。     

面向军用飞机任务能力的健康评估方法

军用飞机健康评估在工程实际中存在应用困难的问题。以军用飞机为研究对象,开展包括面向任务 的能力分析、基于故障劣化的功能分析以及参数化的健康评估等研究,得到基于任务分析的“飞机-任务功 能-影响参数暠两级映射作为健康评估的对象;综合利用劣化度、严酷度及极大熵改进区间层次分析法等多种 方法,得到飞机健康状态评估结果。结合具体实例及参数分析结果,表明该评估方法可信度高,具有较高的工 程实用价值。     

高温处理对中密度针刺C/C复合材料性能的影响

针对C/C复合材料脆性问题,对密度为1.60 g/cm3的碳布叠层针刺C/C复合材料进行了1800、2 000、2 200和2 500℃的高温处理,研究了不同热处理温度对C/C复合材料微晶结构、力学和抗热震等性能的影响.结果表明,高温处理使针刺C/C复合材料的层间剪切和面内拉伸强度出现不同程度的降低,但材料的断裂伸长率和抗热震性能得到大幅度提高.其中,1 800℃高温处理后的C/C复合材料具有优异的力学和抗热震性能.     

气氢/气氧同轴剪切单喷嘴燃烧室壁面热流计算与分析

以气氢/气氧为推进剂,采用数值模拟方法,研究了同轴剪切喷嘴设计参数——氢氧速度比和氧压降比对单喷嘴燃烧室内燃烧过程和壁面热载的影响,并将绝热壁面条件、等温壁面条件的计算结果与试验结果进行了对比分析,结果表明:氢氧速度比增大,燃烧性能提高,壁面热载增加;氧压降比增大,燃烧性能下降,壁面热载减小;相比采用壁面绝热燃气温度,采用热流预示燃烧室壁面热载与真实情况更为接近.      

基于提前停止判决的编码软信息辅助载波同步

 针对目前编码辅助载波同步算法中复杂度较高、延时大的问题,提出了引入辅助停止判决机制的编码辅助载波同步算法。在现有的编码辅助载波同步结构基础上,该算法能对环路信噪比(SNR)进行实时判定,在环路SNR满足限定条件后提前停止编码辅助载波同步迭代,而不影响译码性能。采用新的相位估计方式估计含相位噪声的载波相位,提升了该条件下的环路信噪比。仿真采用码率为1/2的低密度奇偶校验(LDPC)码作为编码方式,结果表明:在误码率为10^-5时,该算法减少了约50%的编码辅助载波同步迭代次数;在含相位噪声的信号条件下,与理想解调译码相比,性能损失不超过0.15 dB。