选择中国载人航天发展目标的讨论

回顾人类载人航天 40余年的历程 ,出现过一些弯路 ,究其原因是多方面的 ,但主要的是如何合理选择各自的发展目标。发展载人航天的目标大致可有6项 :开发利用空间微重力环境物质资源 ,开发利用空间轨道能源资源 ,开发利用月球能源资源 ,发展天基航天利用空间位置资源 ,在月球上扩大人类生存空间 ,在火星上扩大人类生存空间。文章系统分析了国际上现有载人航天工程的经验和教训 ,认为结合中国的具体实际 ,中国载人航天发展的目标应重点考虑开发利用空间微重力环境物质资源和发展天基航天。     

载人飞船主动流体循环回路离心泵可靠性试验研究

文章通过对泵组件可靠性指标的分析 ,根据泵空间飞行的实际情况 ,进行了可靠性试验方法分析 ,描述了可靠性试验系统与试验结果 ,得出了飞船离心泵组件满足可靠性指标达到 0 999的结论。     

轴承钢球无损检测仪的研制

论述了轴承钢球无损检测仪的组成和工作原理、研制过程,特性特点。     

空军移交修理企业应急作战条件下战场抢修组织体系建设研究

介绍了在现今条件下,空军移交修理企业通过建立高效能的军、企联合战场抢修领导机构和战场抢修办公室,组建一支由多个抢修分队构成,配备高素质复合型技能人才的飞机战场抢修队的情况。     

芯子宽厚比对铝蜂窝夹层结构平压强度的影响

用正六边形代替实际蜂芯,推导了夹层结构的平压强度与芯子宽厚比的关系,并对八种规格的芯子平压强度进行统计,统计结果虽然与推导的结果有偏差,但规律却是一致的,即蜂窝夹层结构的平压强度随着芯子宽厚比d/t_s增大呈负指数减小。     

Optimal motion cueing algorithm for accelerating phase of manned spacecraft in human centrifuge

This paper presents a novel optimal Motion Cueing Algorithm (MCA) to control the rotations of a Human Centrifuge (HC) and achieve the best simulation of a SpaceCraft (SC) motion. Relations of the specific forces sensed by astronauts of the SC and the HC have been derived and linearized. A Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) controller is implemented for the problem which tends to minimize the error between the two sensed specific forces as well as control input in a cost function. It results in control inputs of the HC to generate its sensed specific force as close as possible to the one in the SC. The algorithm is implemented for both linearized and nonlinear portions of a US space shuttle mission trajectory as a verification using MATLAB. In longitudinal direction, the proposed MCA, works well when the acceleration is less than 2g in which the tracking error does not exceed 12%. In lateral direction the tracking is much better even in nonlinear region since the error remains less than 7% for tilting up to 50°. Finally, the effect of weight matrixes in the LQR cost function on overall weight and power of the HC motion system is discussed.     

Multi-objective optimization of parachute triggering algorithm for Mars exploration

A multi-objective optimization procedure to design parachute triggering algorithm, based on Monte Carlo analysis of flight uncertainties, has been developed in this paper. Most of Mars explorations missions utilize parachute for a safe descent through the lowest of the atmosphere. The parachute triggering algorithm is designed to accommodate the range of off-nominal entry trajectories, and is aimed to parachute opening in certain range of Mach numbers, dynamic pressure and altitude. Our novel algorithm takes the fight uncertainty into the account through Monte Carlo analysis, selects maximization of altitude statistical mean and minimization of Mach number statistical mean as two objectives, then employs multi-objective evolutionary algorithm based on decomposition (MOEA/D), to search the Pareto-front framework. Such a methodology can be implemented on the future design of entry, descent, and landing (EDL) mission.     

Disturbance observer-based robust guidance for Mars atmospheric entry with input saturation

With low-lifting capability taken into account,a robust guidance law for Mars entry vehicles with low lift-to-drag ratios,such as Mars Science Laboratory(MSL),is presented.Consider the nonlinear term in the drag dynamic equation and bounded disturbances as a lumped disturbance,and design a linear disturbance observer(DOB)to estimate it.With the consideration of the control input saturation,an innovative sliding surface and a virtual system are introduced to design the guidance law.Analyses of disturbance observer performance and Lyapunov-based transient performance are also presented.It is shown that the drag tracking error can be adjustable by explicit choices of design parameters.Simulation results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed guidance law.     

我国空间站安全与任务保证工作若干问题探讨

从我国空间站运营阶段对安全性、可靠性、维修性及质量保证(SRMQA)工作的需求出发,在系统分析国外载人航天安全与任务保证(SMA)工作体系的基础上,总结国际空间站安全性可靠性工作的先进经验,并针对我国空间站对航天员安全、寿命与可靠性要求更高的需求,从管理和技术应用两个方面,系统论述了我国空间站安全与任务保证应重点开展的安全性、寿命与可靠性等工作。     

民机项目定费用设计

经济性对民机项目商业成功至关重要,概述了民机项目定费用设计的起源和基本概念,分别讲述研制费用的估算方法,设计经济性对单机成本的影响,设计经济性对运营成本的影响,总结出定费用设计是民机项目成本控制的关键。