我国载人航天电源系统的技术发展成就及趋势

载人航天电源系统是一个庞大的系统工程，状态复杂、可靠性要求高、技术难度大。本文在阐述我国载人航天电源系统组成和特点的基础上，从电源系统架构、太阳电池翼、储能电池组、并网控制以及在轨维修与更换等方面，详细论述了我国载人航天电源系统的各阶段技术突破和技术引领，并对后续载人月球探测提出展望，梳理了能源系统重点研究方向和关键技术，为未来载人月球探测任务顺利实施奠定技术基础。     

Solar ring mission: Building a panorama of the Sun and inner-heliosphere

Solar Ring (SOR) is a proposed space science mission to monitor and study the Sun and inner heliosphere from a full 360° perspective in the ecliptic plane. It will deploy-three 120°-separated spacecraft on the 1-AU orbit. The first spacecraft, S1, locates 30° upstream of the Earth, the second, S2, 90° downstream, and the third, S3, completes the configuration. This design with necessary science instruments, e.g., the Doppler-velocity and vector magnetic field imager, wide-angle coronagraph, and in-situ instruments, will allow us to establish many unprecedented capabilities: (1) provide simultaneous Doppler-velocity observations of the whole solar surface to understand the deep interior, (2) provide vector magnetograms of the whole photosphere — the inner boundary of the solar atmosphere and heliosphere, (3) provide the information of the whole lifetime evolution of solar featured structures, and (4) provide the whole view of solar transients and space weather in the inner heliosphere. With these capabilities, Solar Ring mission aims to address outstanding questions about the origin of solar cycle, the origin of solar eruptions and the origin of extreme space weather events. The successful accomplishment of the mission will construct a panorama of the Sun and inner-heliosphere, and therefore advance our understanding of the star and the space environment that holds our life.     

一种多源测距与视觉惯性融合的月球车定位方法

针对月球车月面探测活动任务中对高精度定位的需求,当前视觉惯性定位方法存在误差累积,并且在缺乏先验环境信息时无法消除,基于三角测量原理的无线电定位方法可以通过测量接收端到至少三个不同发射端的距离来确定目标物体位置,但需要架设三台以上基站,因此难以满足月面环境下大范围定位的需求。文章提出了一种基于基站无线测距和视觉惯性里程计融合定位方法,以解决上述定位手段存在的问题。该方法首先利用视觉惯性里程计构建的环境模型将WIFI、UHF和UWB三类无线电基站测距信息进行融合,然后将测距结果和视觉IMU信息进行位置联合解算来确定月球车位置,最后在Matlab和Gazebo软件平台上进行仿真验证,在距离基站最远行进1500米的条件下实现了0.92米定位误差。实验结果表明,该方法能够在满足月面探测任务对于精准定位的需求。     

载人月球科研试验站建设规划及设想

进入21世纪以来，月球再次成为太空探索的焦点，许多国家提出各自的探月计划。区别于在美国60年前完成的阿波罗工程，未来月球探测的重点聚焦月球的长期建设与开发。如何充分利用当前的技术积累，在有限的运载能力和合理的发射运营成本条件下，建设载人月球科研试验站，实现月球极端环境下的长期运行是一个值得关注和研究的课题。结合当前国内外载人航天与探月工程发展情况，提出我国载人月球科研试验站人货分落、分段建设的规划设想。通过对安全性设计、乘组规模、环控生保需求、选址等展开分析，明确初步月球科研试验站建设需求，并提出满足2人长期月面驻留“2+1”构型月球科研试验站方案。     

遥感卫星多路数据传输系统同频共用方法

为节省频率资源，遥感卫星通常采用扩频体制实现多路数据的同频共用传输，针对通道间容易引起相互干扰的问题进行了研究，通过改进码分多址干扰估算模型，对采用平衡Gold码序列扩频系统抗干扰容限上界进行预测。在满足国际电信联盟（ITU）对卫星辐射功率通量密度约束条件下，提出了一种基于直接序列扩频体制的两路业务数据同频共用传输方法。仿真结果表明：当载波频率2GHz左右，两路辐射源的EIRP之差不大于8～15dBw时可以实现同频共用传输；如对信号扩频带宽进行差异化处理，则其相互兼容性还可进一步提高。     

Four-body cislunar quasi-periodic orbits and their application to ballistic lunar transfer design

Examining the properties of quasi-periodic orbits provides insight into the Sun-perturbed environment in cislunar space. In this investigation, quasi-periodic trajectories and their properties are explored in the Sun-Earth-Moon four-body problem. Computation and the stability characteristics of families of invariant tori are detailed. Furthermore, this investigation offers a framework for construction of ballistic lunar transfer trajectories in the four-body problem. The framework leverages manifold trajectories to supply a set of initial conditions for construction of periapsis Poincaré maps. Periapsis maps reduce the dimensionality of the space and illuminate solutions of interest as a basis to produce feasible families of transfers. Through a continuation process, families of ballistic transfers and families of transfers that include powered lunar flybys are constructed. Ultimately, these solutions supply an initial guess for transition to the Sun-Earth-Moon ephemeris model.     

Autonomous mission reconstruction during the ascending flight of launch vehicles under typical propulsion system failures

In recent years, Chinese Long March(LM) launchers have experienced several launch failures, most of which occurred in their propulsion systems, and this paper studies Autonomous Mission Reconstruction(AMRC) technology to alleviate losses due to these failures. The status of the techniques related to AMRC, including trajectory and mission planning, guidance methods,and fault tolerant technologies, are reviewed, and their features are compared, which reflect the challenges faced by AMRC technology...