Improvement of the GRACE star camera data based on the revision of the combination method

The new release of the sensor and instrument data (Level-1B release 02) of the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) had a substantial impact on the improvement of the overall accuracy of the gravity field models. This has implied that improvements on the sensor data level can still significantly contribute to arriving closer to the GRACE baseline accuracy. The recent analysis of the GRACE star camera data (SCA1B RL02) revealed their unexpectedly higher noise. As the star camera (SCA) data are essential for the processing of the K-band ranging data and the accelerometer data, thorough investigation of the data set was needed. We fully reexamined the SCA data processing from Level-1A to Level-1B with focus on the combination method of the data delivered by the two SCA heads. In the first step, we produced and compared our own combined attitude solution by applying two different combination methods on the SCA Level-1A data. The first method introduces the information about the anisotropic accuracy of the star camera measurement in terms of a weighing matrix. This method was applied in the official processing as well. The alternative method merges only the well determined SCA boresight directions. This method was implemented on the GRACE SCA data for the first time. Both methods were expected to provide optimal solution characteristic by the full accuracy about all three axes, which was confirmed. In the second step, we analyzed the differences between the official SCA1B RL02 data generated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) and our solution. SCA1B RL02 contains systematically higher noise of about a factor 3–4. The data analysis revealed that the reason is the incorrect implementation of algorithms in the JPL processing routines. After correct implementation of the combination method, significant improvement within the whole spectrum was achieved. Based on these results, the official reprocessing of the SCA data is suggested, as the SCA attitude data are one of the key observations needed for the gravity field recovery.     

基于MBSE的副翼及其操纵系统研发技术及应用

飞机的设计研发是一项涉及多学科领域、多目标、多约束的复杂系统工程过程,系统耦合紧密、参与人员众多、设计信息庞杂,以文档为中心的需求管理等传统研发方法突显出一定的困难,亟需探索新的飞机设计研发方法。以副翼及其操纵系统为研究对象,对基于模型的系统工程(Model Based System Engineering,以下简称MBSE)方法进行了探索研究:采用达索MBSE方法论-MMS(Modeling Methodology for Systems,以下简称MMS),从使命、服务、功能和组件不同视角对副翼及其操纵系统研发的各个方面进行解析,进而完整定义系统;利用达索3D Experience平台,通过RFLP系统工程架构,进行了副翼及其操纵系统的需求开发、功能分析及逻辑架构设计,完成了需求、功能、逻辑架构、系统仿真、物理设计等模型的关联追溯,实现了以达索MBSE方法论为核心的研发技术的有效应用。     

运输类飞机疲劳寿命分析的一种新方法

为了使DFR法能够适用于一般运输类飞机的疲劳分析,对DFR法进行了改进。从飞机各典型飞行任务剖面的使用比例(飞行次数比例)导出其在整个寿命期内所占的损伤比例,进而获得了当量剖面的损伤;然后再以当量剖面的损伤为基准,计算地-空-地(G-A-G)损伤比,再导出当量地-空-地循环数,最后确定出地-空-地循环许用应力和疲劳裕度。改进后的DFR法已应用于实际的工程设计。     

过载约束下的探月飞船再入轨迹的在线设计

研究了以第二宇宙速度返回地球的载人探月飞船的再入制导律设计问题.针对基于落点分析的数值预测-校正算法不能有效满足再入过程的气动过载约束条件的问题,提出一种基于解析计算的常值气动过载算法与基于数值积分的预测-校正技术相结合的融合再入制导方案,在线生成了同时满足过载约束和落点精度要求的再入轨迹.数值仿真表明提出的制导算法不仅能满足达到高精度着陆的要求,还能满足气动过载约束要求.在一定的再入初始条件下,探月返回飞船可以不必采用逻辑复杂的阿波罗式跳跃再入方案.这一方案可为即将展开的载人探月活动制定月-地返回轨道和再入策略提供参考.     

载人登月舱下降发动机技术研究

通过对国内外登月舱下降发动机的研究历史及最新进展的综合分析,提出了我国登月舱下降发动机初步方案:挤压式系统方案,重点考虑N₂O₄/MMH组合,也可以考虑LOX/煤油组合;泵压式系统方案,重点开展LOX/LCH₄膨胀循环变推力发动机技术研究。开展载人登月舱下降发动机的技术研究将对我国月球探测、火星探测等工程提供坚实的技术保障。     

多任务使命平台上电子设备发展趋势研究

通过对侦察、对抗和打击一体化系统在现代战争中的地位与作用的介绍,分析了多任务使命平台上各种电子设备之间的冲突,提出了在多任务使命平台上综合电子设备的发展趋势,在此基础上得出几点启示.     

一种空间相机指向机构构型设计及分析

通过分析比较不同构型的指向机构特点,提出一种轻小型月球着陆器相机三自由度指向机构设计方案,研制出原理样机.建立了相机指向机构运动学模型,对不同工况的相机指向机构的力矩裕度及冲击进行了分析,基于有限元分析对相机指向机构进行模态分析,得到机构主要频率及对应振型,可为相机指向机构优化设计提供重要依据.     

战斗机航迹可飞性过载检验算法

生成满足战斗机过载约束条件的三维航迹以及对航迹进行可飞性过载检验是战斗机航迹规划的重要内容。利用B样条曲线拟合战斗机航迹并计算航迹曲率,给出了航迹可飞性过载判断准则以及相应的保证措施,即降低速度与调整导航点。通过对某型战斗机按拟合航迹飞行的需用过载进行仿真并对航迹可飞性进行过载约束检验,有效地验证了调整导航点位置的两条可用原则:防撞优先与规避优先。该算法对于实现战斗机三维航迹规划生成以及航迹可飞性过载检验具有一定的实用价值。     

Modified gradiometer technique applied to Double Star (TC-1)

On TC-1 (Tan Ce 1), the equatorial spacecraft of the Double Star mission, a strong spin-synchronized magnetic interference from the solar panels was observed. In-flight correction techniques for spinning spacecraft that are based on minimizing spin tones in the spin-aligned component and in the magnitude of the ambient magnetic field are therefore not possible in this case. However, due to the fortunate situation that the spacecraft carries two flux-gate magnetometers on the same boom (at 0.5 m distance from each other), the spacecraft field effects could be removed from the spin-averaged data to achieve 0.2 nT relative accuracy, by using a gradiometer technique. Methodology and results are presented. The obtained accuracy allows the use of the data in multi-spacecraft studies together with the Cluster satellites.     

飞船测控跟踪功能备份方案设计与实现

针对＂神舟＂飞船测控跟踪功能没有备份的难题,首次提出利用FM（调频）跟踪接收机跟踪接收数传信号来实现跟踪功能备份。从数传信号调制特性、FM跟踪接收机组成及载波接收解调3个方面进行了理论分析,并通过FM跟踪接收机的数传信号接收解调、静态跟踪和动态跟踪试验验证了该方案的可行性和有效性。该技术在不增加辅助设备功能的基础上,通过船载测控设备中FM跟踪接收机来实现对飞船跟踪功能的备份,显著降低对飞船目标跟踪失效的风险。