A statistical study of the F2 layer stratification at the northern equatorial ionization anomaly

Ionograms recorded at Puer station (PUR, 22.7°N, 101.05°E, Dip Latitude 12.9°N) in the Southwest of China from January 2015 to December 2016 were used to study characteristics of the F2 layer stratification at the northern equatorial ionization anomaly. Ionosonde observations show that the development of the F2 layer stratification is different under different conditions. Both the upward and downward movement of the F2 layer stratification could be observed. The F2 layer stratification could occur both at daytime and nighttime. The new cusp could originate from different positions on ionograms. Moreover, statistical results indicate that the F2 layer stratification occurred later in the winter than in other seasons at daytime, it occurred frequently in the local spring, and most of ionograms with the F2 layer stratification at post-midnight occurred in March and April. Our results also show that the F2 layer stratification has a correlation with solar activity.     

Satellite availability and positioning performance of uncombined precise point positioning using BeiDou-2 and BeiDou-3 multi-frequency signals

To realize the smooth transition from regional BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS-2) to the global one (BDS-3), the integration of BDS-2 and BDS-3 is important for providing continuous, stable and reliable positioning, navigation and timing (PNT) services for global users. This work used 154 globally distributed multi-GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) experiment stations spanning 30 days to analyze the satellite availability and positioning performance of uncombined precise point positioning (UC-PPP) under current BDS-2 and BDS-3 constellations. We focused on three issues: the influence of BDS-3 receiver tracking abilities, the positioning performance among different areas, and the benefit of multi-frequency observations. The results show that the elliptical zone caused by poor BDS-2 satellite visibility is disappeared when the evenly distributed BDS-3 medium earth orbit satellites are introduced. When BDS-3 are integrated with BDS-2, the area with the Position Dilution of Precision (PDOP) less than 2 can be expanded to 75° S-75° N and 30° E-150° W. The positioning performance of BDS-3 and BDS-2/BDS-3 UC-PPP are seriously affected by the receiver tracking abilities of BDS-3 signals. When the maximum pseudo-random noise sequences (PRNs) of BDS-3 satellites tracked by stations are within 30 or 37, the positioning accuracy of static UC-PPP can be improved by 22.94% or 8.27% due to the integration of BDS-2 and BDS-3. Besides, the most improvement of BDS-2 and BDS-3 integration is achieved in Asia-Pacific regions, especially for the kinematic UC-PPP or the poor receiver tracking abilities of BDS-3. Similar to the multi-frequency BDS-2 UC-PPP, the benefit of multi-frequency signals for BDS-3 or BDS-2/BDS-3 UC-PPP is also non-vital. The three-dimensional positioning accuracy of BDS-2/BDS-3 multi-frequency UC-PPP in static mode and kinematic mode are 2.24 cm and 5.39 cm, while the corresponding convergence time are 49.62 min and 73.80 min, respectively. Compared with BDS-2, both the positioning accuracy and the convergence time of BDS-2/BDS-3 joint UC-PPP are improved by approximately over 50%, which indicates that BDS-3 has a great potential to provide high-quality PNT services as other global navigation satellite systems.     

SAMI2 model results for the quiet time low latitude ionosphere over India

Efficacy of SAMI2 model for the Indian low latitude region around 75°E longitudes has been tested for different levels of solar flux. With a slight modification of the plasma drift velocity the SAMI2 model has been successful in reproducing quiet time ionospheric low latitude features like Equatorial Ionization Anomaly. We have also showed the formation of electron hole in the topside equatorial ionosphere in the Indian sector. Simulation results show the formation of electron hole in the altitude range 800–2500?km over the magnetic equator. Indian zone results reveal marked differences with regard to the time of occurrence, seasonal appearances and strength of the electron hole vis-a-vis those reported for the American equatorial region.     

Orbital corrections by a single-input impulsive control applied along the geomagnetic field

This paper examines the possibility of regular orbital corrections for a satellite controlled by an impulsive force applied along the induction vector of the local geomagnetic field. The main purpose of the correcting considered in the paper is to eliminate the drift in secular variation of the relative orbital parameters over the orbital period. The obtained results are applied to the formation flying problem. The developed method is tested using numerical simulation.     

影响石墨材料浸泡N2O4后密封性的研究分析

为验证石墨材料与N2O4介质的相容性,对4种不同石墨材料进行了N2O4介质浸泡试验。针对试验结果,从石墨材料气孔率、浸渍树脂、石墨基材、石墨元素分析及石墨微观结构等方面,研究分析了石墨材料介质浸泡后影响其密封性能的原因。分析认为石墨杂质和微观组织结构对石墨材料耐N2O4介质有重要影响。     

CE5T拓展试验轨道精度分析

针对嫦娥5T服务舱(CE5T)拓展试验中的绕地大椭圆轨道,分析了轨道动力学演化趋势,通过测轨数据类型组合策略分析了统一S频段测量(USB)和甚长基线干涉测量(VLBI)在定轨中的贡献,得到了百米级的精密定轨精度;针对地月第二平动点(L2)绕飞轨道,分析了地心和月心积分的轨道动力学差异,制定了精密定轨的参数求解策略,得到了百米级的精密定轨精度;针对月球交会对接轨道的特点,选取三种不同的重力场模型定轨,比较了三者在轨道预报和数据拟合的差异,并与嫦娥3号(CE3)环月轨道的定轨精度进行比对,验证了不同重力场的适用范围,从计算精度和效率两方面制定了优化的定轨策略。     

火星探测用金属/CO2燃烧技术研究进展与展望

火星原位资源利用指利用火星当地资源生产火星探测所需原料和能源,减少任务载荷,降低发射成本,是火星探测不可或缺的关键技术。金属和二氧化碳是火星重要的原位资源,部分金属可以在二氧化碳气氛中燃烧,使得金属/CO_2燃烧体系在火星上扮演地球上化石燃料/空气燃烧体系的角色成为可能。从拓展金属/CO_2燃烧技术在火星探测中应用的角度出发,梳理了火星二氧化碳收集方式、火星矿物分布和冶炼、金属/CO_2燃烧技术的主要应用方式(Mg/CO_2火箭发动机和Mg/CO_2金属燃烧器)的研究进展,并对今后的研究进行了展望。     

低温变形对2A14铝合金组织性能影响

提出了低温变形与热处理协同的2A14铝合金强韧化新方法,借助透射电镜、扫描电镜、金相显微镜、拉伸试验机等测试手段对比分析了室温和超低温变形工艺对2A14铝合金组织性能的影响。结果显示:与室温变形相比,超低温变形与热处理协同能够大幅提升合金综合力学性能。当超低温变形量达到20%,合金内部位错密度上升,第二相粒子尺寸更小,分布更为均匀,晶粒细化显著,合金综合力学性能达到最高,抗拉强度为474.5 MPa,屈服强度为426.5 MPa,延伸率为11.6%。     

基于开普勒二体运动修正地球扁率J2摄动项算法

为了解决远程飞行器虚拟目标点的地球扁率J2摄动项修正的技术难点,提出一种基于开普勒二体运动推算地球引力模型J2摄动项的间接补偿的方法.该算法由基于二体运动时间推算J2摄动项飞行时间的计算模块和基于二体运动J2摄动落点修正2个计算模块构成.通过算法设计和数学仿真验证了算法的正确性,其中仿真结果表明,该算法有效解决地球扁率造成的虚拟目标点计算精度不足的问题,在算法层面与传统的地球扁率修正方法相比具有计算简单和计算速度快等优点,同时保证虚拟目标点计算达到精度要求.     

地月系L2平动点卫星月掩规避问题分析

针对地月系L2平动点附近的月掩现象,研究了地月系L2点绕飞卫星规避月掩的问题。依据采用设计李萨茹(Lissajous)轨道规避月掩的策略,首先研究了Lissajous轨道初始位置方向和轨道振幅对规避月掩持续时间的影响,进而对月掩规避轨道进行了设计与验证,最后定量分析了长时间规避月掩进行星地持续通信的效果。所设计的L2点绕飞轨道满足规避月掩的基本需求,研究结果对月掩规避轨道的工程设计和与"三体问题"相关的掩星研究具有参考意义。