载人航天器空气环境参数控制非定常仿真分析

为支持乘员在轨驻留,载人航天器需通过空气环境控制系统将众多设计参数和空气环境参数控制在指标范围内。文章建立了一种载人航天器空气环境非定常控制仿真分析模型,包括舱体模块、航天员模块、舱压控制模块、温湿度控制模块以及CO2净化模块。利用该模型分析了载人航天器空气环境参数随乘员代谢水平的非定常变化趋势,并评估了控制系统的工作性能。结果表明:乘员代谢水平变化对空气环境参数有显著影响,通过调节控制系统运行参数可将各空气参数控制在有效指标范围内。人区温度与O2分压、CO2分压和人区湿度有密切的影响关系,不可孤立地进行分析。为载人航天器空气环境参数控制系统的设计和流程改进提供了依据。     

基于LBM-LES方法的多段翼型流场数值模拟

运用Lattice Boltzmann(LB)方法与Large Eddy Simulation(LES)结合的方法数值模拟研究了二维翼型绕流流场,其中,粒子速度模型采用D2Q9模型,松弛时间中对应的湍流粘性系数由Smagorinsky模型计算,网格生成方法采用无网格技术。对NACA0012翼型进行数值模拟,验证其有效性;为进一步研究其模拟复杂物体绕流的能力,以三段翼型30P30N为研究对象进行数值研究,计算出了给定攻角条件下的气动特性,并与实验值进行比较。计算结果表明,LBM-LES方法的计算结果能够与实验值一致,是一种可行、有效且较新的数值模拟方法。     

数字多媒体音频新技术的发展研究——MPEG标准音频编码系统

声音信号的存储与传输,从模拟信号到数字信号经历了迅速的发展。随着多媒体处理技术的发展,数字音频压缩编码技术得到了广泛的应用。运动图像专家组—MPEG（Moving Picture Expert Group）,该组织自1988年以来制定了一系列国际标准,其中MPEG-1、MPEG-2已为人们所熟知。从1999年开始,他们...     

电离层顶部电子含量对GNSS电离层层析的影响分析

卫星信号射线上的总电子含量(slant total electron content, STEC)是像素基全球卫星导航系统电离层层析(computerized ionospheric tomography, CIT)建模的必要数据来源，但电离层层析通常忽略1 000 km以上的顶部电子含量，为弄清这部分电子含量对层析结果的影响，利用NeQuick2模型计算站星视线上的STEC与其在电离层区域内的STEC比值来改正原始数据，并分别利用改正前后的STEC进行电离层层析。结果显示，电离层顶部电子含量占比约为10%，白天占比略大于黑夜，与测高仪站的数据相比，改正后的均方根值比改正前提高了20%以上；与Swarm卫星提供的电子剖面数据对比，改正后的层析结果精度较改正前提升了19.6%左右，且该方法受地磁扰动影响较为明显。总的来说，利用CIT进行小尺度电离层探测，可较直观地看出，顶部电子含量对层析结果的影响较大，需要采取相应手段予以剔除。     

推广使用REM37BY电嘴

在我院使用的活塞发动机飞机中,点火系统故障率居高不下,其中又以电嘴积铅带来的发动机抖动故障居多。本文通过对比分析,以及实际监控使用的具体情况,证明了REM37BY电嘴能使这一故障大大减少,并且能节约成本,缩短工时,具有较大的推广价值。     

The BOSS and BIOMEX space experiments on the EXPOSE-R2 mission: Endurance of the desert cyanobacterium Chroococcidiopsis under simulated space vacuum,Martian atmosphere,UVC radiation and temperature extremes.

The proposed space experiments BOSS (Biofilm Organisms Surfing Space) and BIOMEX (BIOlogy and Mars experiment) will take place on the space exposure facility EXPOSE-R2 on the International Space Station (ISS), which is set to be launched in 2014. In BOSS the hypothesis to be tested is that microorganisms grown as biofilms, hence embedded in self-produced extracellular polymeric substances, are more tolerant to space and Martian conditions compared to their planktonic counterparts. Various microbial biofilms have been developed including those obtained from the cyanobacterium Chroococcidiopsis isolated from hot and cold deserts. The prime objective of BIOMEX is to evaluate to what extent biomolecules are resistant to, and can maintain their stability under, space and Mars-like conditions; therefore a variety of pigments and cell components are under investigation to establish a biosignature data base; e.g. a Raman spectral library to be used for extraterrestrial life biosignatures. The secondary objective of BIOMEX is to investigate the endurance of extremophiles, focusing on their interactions with Lunar and Martian mineral analogues. Ground-based studies are currently being carried out in the framework of EVTs (Experiment Verification Tests) by exposing selected organisms to space and Martian simulations. Results on a desert strain of Chroococcidiopsis obtained from the first set of EVT, e.g. space vacuum, Mars atmosphere, UVC radiation, temperature cycles and extremes, suggested that dried biofilms exhibited an enhanced survival compared to planktonic lifestyle. Moreover the protection provided by a Martian mineral analogue (S-MRS) to the sub-cellular integrities of Chroococcidiopsis against UVC radiation supports the endurance of this cyanobacterium under extraterrestrial conditions and its relevance in the development of life detection strategies.     

Diurnal and seasonal variations of F2 layer characteristics over Irkutsk during the decrease in solar activity in 2003–2006: Observations and IRI-2001 model predictions

The diurnal and seasonal variations of F2 layer characteristics (critical frequency, peak height and bottomside thickness) over Irkutsk, Russia (52.3 N and 104.3 E) are studied by the method of running medians. The comparison with the IRI-2001 model during the decrease in solar activity in 2003–2006 revealed cases of both close agreement and systematic differences between predictions and observations. The systematic difference is not the only reason for disagreement between IRI and observations; there are also intrayear variations which are not associated with seasonal behavior. The period of observation was too short to make conclusions about solar activity dependence of the noon bottomside thickness and the modification of its diurnal behavior with decreasing solar activity.     

Modeling of ionospheric parameter variations in East Asia during the moderate geomagnetic disturbances

The results of modeling of ionospheric disturbances observed in the East Asian region during moderate storms are presented. The numerical model for ionosphere–plasmasphere coupling developed at the ISTP SB RAS is used to interpret the data of observations at ionospheric stations located in the longitudinal sector of 90–130°E at latitudes from auroral zone to equator. There is obtained a reasonable agreement between measurements and modeling results for winter and equinox. In the summer ionosphere, at the background of high ionization by the solar EUV radiation in the quiet geomagnetic period the meridional thermospheric wind strongly impacts the electron concentration in the middle and auroral ionosphere. The consistent calculations of the thermospheric wind permit to obtain the model results which are closer to summer observations. The actual information about the space-time variations of thermosphere and magnetosphere parameters should be taken into account during storms.     

二维计算机图象检测系统

目前,利用机器视觉系统监测生产过程和进行质量控制是一个非常活跃的研究领域。当把视觉系统用于几何量测量时,必须解决其硬件的分辨力极限所带来的问题:测量精度高意味着测量范围小,或者,测量范围大意味着测量精度低。提出了解决上述问题的方法:一个由步进电机驱动的XY工作台与图象处理系统相结合。产生出一个多坐标系统结构。测量参数在两个坐标系之间传送,并在100mm×100mm范围内,在X和Y两个方向,达到的测量精度为0.02mm。     

GaInP2外延膜中施主—受主对复合发光带的能量关量

通过变温与变激发强度的近红外光致发光研究了用ＭＯＣＶＤ方法、生长在ＧａＡｓ衬底上的Ｇａ０．５Ｉｎ０．５Ｐ（ＧａＩｎＰ２）外延薄膜的１．１７ｅＶ发射带的发光特性。１．１７ｅＶ发光带性质与０．９９ｅＶ及０．８５ｅＶ发光带的性质有着明显的差别。１．１７ｅＶ发光带的机理可用施主－受主对的复合发光来解释，其中施主－受主对系白处在Ｇａ格位上的Ｓｉ（ＳｉＧａ）及其最邻近的Ｇａ空位（ＶＧａ）所组成，记作ＳｉＧａ－ＶＧａ。考虑到ＧａＩｎＰ２中存在着很强的电子－格子耦合作用及其Ⅲ族子格子为部分有序，所以在施主－受主对复合发光中应计及Ｆｒａｎｃｋ－Ｃｏｎｄｏｎ位移△ＦＣ及该对在等效的部分有序势场中的相互作用能Ｅｓ（ＤＡＰ）。Ｘ—射线衍射实验表明，部分有序结构相当于成分调制，因而可用Ｋｒｏｎｉｇ－Ｐｅｎｎｅｙ模型来计算Ｅｓ（ＤＡＰ）值。这样，我们就导出了施主－受主对复合发光的新的能量表示式。