类Clipper再入返回飞行器气动特性分析

针对类Clipper再入返回飞行器的气动特性,采用近似反设计的方法,在飞行器外包络等约束条件下,通过形状控制函数,计算出类Clipper飞船的气动外形。基于计算流体动力学(CFD)数值模拟方法,研究分析类Clipper再入返回飞行器在不同高度、不同马赫数和不同攻角下的全空域/速域气动特性变化规律,并结合不同飞行状态下的压心位置探讨飞行器的稳定性。结果表明:类Clipper再入返回飞行器在不同飞行状态下能够具有良好的气动特性,最大升阻比可达1.1以上,属于中等升阻比再入,总体呈现出良好的静稳定性,可在未来作为具有可重复使用再入返回飞行器的方案之一。     

目标机动条件下的定点伴飞控制方法研究

对目标机动条件下的定点伴飞控制进行了研究。根据相对运动关系,建立适于伴飞模式的相对运动方程,将目标机动大小作为未知量加入相对运动方程,构建不确定系统。用LQR和Lyapunov法结合的方式设计相应定点伴飞控制律。理论证明了在目标机动时该控制律仍能实现系统的渐近稳定。仿真结果验证了该控制律的有效性。     

空间站梦天载荷舱结构设计与验证

针对天宫空间站梦天载荷舱提出了采用一种含大开口的半硬壳铆接结构,实现了结构承载、载荷进出舱及载荷试验平台一体化设计。采用数值仿真的方法,考虑主动段飞行及地面整器起吊载荷等因素的影响,进行了结构强度迭代分析,识别结构的潜在薄弱环节,并开展针对性的局部结构验证试验。最后,设计并建立大开口结构的全工况静力试验平台,开展载荷舱整舱静力试验。数值计算与试验所得结果吻合较好,验证了载荷舱大开口结构设计的正确性。载荷舱结构的设计方法及验证思路可为其他飞行器结构提供参考。     

Periodic atomization characteristics of an impinging jet injector element modulated by Klystron effect

An experimental study on the Klystron effect of periodic injection modulated by pressure drop fluctuations on subsequent atomization is conducted. Time-resolved atomization backlit images and atomization Mie scatter images are captured by using the high speed camera. It is found that periodicity of forced atomization relies on pressure drop fluctuation amplitude and phase differences between atomization and pressure drop fluctuations relate to fluctuation frequencies. This feature of periodic atomization induced by Klystron effect corresponds to periodicities and high amplitudes of pressure fluctuations in unstable combustion chambers and chaos and low amplitudes of pressure fluctuations in stable combustions chambers. Drastically periodic varying of gross surface area of droplets with time was shown in Mie scatter images. The importance of periodic impinging jet atomization modulated by pressure drop fluctuations for acoustic liquid propellant combustion instabilities is illustrated.     

Modeling and control for cooperative transport of a slung fluid container using quadrotors

In this paper, dynamic modeling and control problem for transfer of a sloshing liquid container suspended through rigid massless links from a team of quadrotors are investigated. By the proposed solution, pose of the slung container and fluid sloshing modes are stabilized appropriately. Dynamics of the container-liquid-quadrotors system is modeled by Euler-Lagrange method. Fluid slosh dynamics is included using multi-mass-spring model. According to derived model, a proper control law is designed for a system with three or more quadrotors. Implementing the proposed control law, quadrotors can control pose of the container, directions of the links and liquid sloshing modes simultaneously. Stability of closed loop system of tracking errors and sloshing modes are demonstrated using a theory of singularly perturbed systems and Lyapunov stability theorem. Also, the capability of the proposed feedback control laws in solving a formerly organized transport problem of a liquid filled container has been demonstrated in simulations. Moreover, priority of the proposed control scheme to an existing slung load controller in the literature is demonstrated.     

A multi-order method for predicting stability of a multi-delay milling system considering helix angle and run-out effects

In this paper, a multi-delay milling system considering helix angle and run-out effects is firstly established. An exponential cutting force model is used to model the interaction between a work-piece and a cutting tool, and a new approach is presented for accurately calibrating exponential cutting force coefficients and cutter run-out parameters. Furthermore, based on an implicit multi-step Adams formula and an improved precise time-integration algorithm, a novel stability prediction method is proposed to predict the stability of the system. The involved time delay term and periodic coefficient term are integrated as a comprehensive state term in the integral response which is approximated by the Adams formula. Then, a Floquet transition matrix with an arbitrary-order form is constructed by using a series of matrix multiplication, and the stability of the system is determined by the Floquet theory. Compared to classical semi-discretization methods and full-discretization methods, the developed method shows a good performance in convergence, efficiency, accuracy, and multi-order complexity. A series of cutting tests is further carried out to validate the practicability and effectiveness of the proposed method. The results show that the calibration process needs a time of less than 5 min, and the stability prediction method is effective.     

Kink mode m = 1 in magnetic tube with discontinuous magnetic field

In this paper, we study conditions of realization and stability of kink modes with azimuthal wave numbers $m=\pm 1$ in cylindrical plasma flex with twisted magnetic field and homogeneous current along its axis. We assume permanent axial magnetic field both inside and outside the flex, surrounded by currentless plasma. Azimuthal magnetic field decreases inversely proportional to the distance from the boundary beyond the flex. We derived dispersion equations for stable and unstable modes in approximation of “thin” plasma flex. The analysis of equations has been provided for the case of discontinuous axial magnetic field on flex’s boundary. Conditions of propagation of wave modes have been defined. It was shown, that unstable modes can be implemented in certain interval of longitudinal wavenumbers. Results can be applied for the interpretation of solar magnetic tubes behavior, using measurements, provided by spacecrafts.     

轴向间距对转子叶片颤振特性的影响机理

使用自行开发的非定常流固耦合数值模拟程序,研究了上游叶排影响转子叶片颤振特性的机理,采用影响系数法分析轴向间距影响转子气动弹性稳定性的规律。结果表明:在协调叶栅中,叶片吸力面相邻的叶片振动对转子叶片气动阻尼的大小起决定性作用,其影响甚至超过振动叶片本身的影响;多排环境中,导叶（IGV）对转子叶片气动阻尼最小值的影响最大,并使其对应的节径增大;相邻叶片振动引起的通道变化抑制了导叶对非定常压力波的反射作用;随着轴向间距的减小,导叶对非定常压力波的反射作用减弱了非定常压力波的周向衰减,从而增大了叶片振动的非定常影响范围;在多排环境中使用影响系数法需要测量更多的叶片才能得到较为准确的气动阻尼。      

微藻航空燃料的热氧化安定性与热沉

航空燃料安定性和热沉对飞机和发动机工作可靠性、飞机飞行安全及战术性能的发挥有重要作用。利用热重-差热分析联用仪研究了2种典型微藻航油的热氧化安定性和热沉,并与标准航空喷气燃料RP-3进行了对比。结果表明:混合生物油的失重终点温度和最大失重点的温度与标准航空喷气燃料RP-3相比均向高温区移动。在失重区间内,除了物理热沉还有化学热沉的贡献。在热重曲线中定义了2个无量纲参数:引发温度和燃尽指数,引发温度表征起始裂解温度,燃尽指数表征沉积特性。2个参数结合可以较好地诠释燃料的热安定性和热沉。球等鞭金藻油高碳数烷烃在提高热沉基础上导致碳沉积的形成,但小球藻油在热沉提高的基础上,并没有形成碳沉积。说明通过有效控制高碳数烷烃分配比例增加其热沉并控制其积碳在理论和技术上是可行的。