几种热控涂层的真空-紫外辐照试验

无机热控涂层是航天器常用的一类热控涂层.文章采用上海硅酸盐研究所研制的真空-紫外辐照装置,选用合适的加速倍率,对国内几种常用的热控涂层进行了10000ESH以上的辐照试验,原位测量了各阶段试验样品的太阳吸收比,获得了这些热控涂层的太阳吸收比变化曲线,验证了热控涂层的"漂白效应".相关研究结果可以为热控制专家进行热设计时...     

基于多幅图像的三维形状恢复新算法研究

提出了基于多幅图像的由明暗恢复三维形状的新算法.传统的SFS是基于一幅图像,而反射图方程是含有两个自由度的PDE,因此SFS是一个病态问题.本文提出了一种基于三幅图像的SFS新算法,克服了SFS的病态性.首先在图像的Lambertian反射模型的基础上,由三幅图像的逐个象素点的图像灰度值,建立物体表面方向的一次代数方程组,得到表示物体表面方向的唯一梯度向量.然后经过梯度恢复高度的算法,得到物体表面的形状.最后给出的仿真实例表明算法的有效性.     

铝膜反射镜60 keV质子辐照效应

文章研究了在真空和热沉环境下,铝膜反射镜经质子辐照后的光学反射率变化。试验结果表明:60 keV质子辐照后,铝膜反射镜反射率发生了明显的变化。随辐照注量的增加,反射率呈单调减少趋势。当辐照注量达到1×1016 cm-2时,反射率略有下降,且这种变化首先发生在紫外区。随着辐照剂量进一步增加,反射率明显下降,特别是在波长为250~800 nm范围内。经表面形貌分析和机理分析,铝膜反射镜反射率的降低可归结为经质子辐照后铝镜面表面产生了波纹和小丘形貌。     

一种新的基于从明暗恢复形状的月球表面三维形状恢复算法

提出了一种新的基于从明暗恢复形状的月球表面三维形状恢复算法。首先 ,分析了在太阳光照条件下月球表面的成像模型,建立了基于Lunar\|Lambert反射模型的 图像辐照度方程。然后由图像辐照度方程建立相应的静态Hamilton\|Jacobi方程,使用
Lax\|Friedrichs sweeping方法逼近其粘性解,得到表面三维高度。最后通过对合成图像和 实际月球图像进行三维形状恢复,实验结果表明提出的新算法可以有效地应用于月球表面的 三维形状恢复。     

微波谐振腔品质因数测量方法改进研究

提出一种用于测量微波谐振腔品质因数的标量反射系数平均法。建立简化的等效电路模型,对不同算法进行研究,发现修正标量反射系数法不受离散误差影响但比矢量法误差大,得到标量反射系数平均法,并利用矢量网络分析仪实测了底置式谐振腔,实验结果表明,标量发射系数平均法在准确性和稳定性方面均有一定的优越性。     

Assessment of plant vitality detection through fluorescence and reflectance imagery

Recent studies of the vegetation fluorescence show that it can be successfully used as an intrinsic indicator of plant photosynthetic activity. With respect to the vegetation spectral reflectance, the chlorophyll (Chl) fluorescence is more specific as an observable of basic biophysical processes in the plant cells. Laser induced fluorescence is widely used in near range remote sensing, but it is not suitable for the global monitoring of vegetation. Decades of active fluorometry studies have collected useful information of leaf reaction to natural and anthropogenic stress. Still the passive fluorescence, the one that could be registered from satellite orbit has still to prove its advantage over widely used reflectance signature. The weakness of the signal and the lack of experience with passive fluorescence measurements require extensive technical, theoretical and experimental studies. New imaging fluorometres are to be designed for measuring steady state fluorescence in controlled and natural conditions.

In order to compare reflectance and steady state fluorescence sensitivity to stress impact, a set of experiments have been conducted under controlled illumination conditions in a bio-chamber, designed by the author’s team. The equipment allows plant vitality to be monitored both by passive fluorescence and spectral reflectance imaging. Different types of stress factors (heat and drought stress, acid impact) were investigated to demonstrate equipments ability in monitoring changes of fluorescence signal. Selected fluorescence images of foliage illustrate an early detection of plant dysfunction and the temporal and spatial spreading of the stress impact. Analysis shows that fluorescence imaging of green plants can be developed as a highly effective early warning remote sensing method, which could have application for an ecosystems’ monitoring along with high-spectral reflectance imagery.     

基于BRDF的排气系统红外辐射特征计算研究

为了提高涡扇发动机排气系统红外辐射强度的计算精度,研究了壁面反射特性对计算结果的影响。红外辐射特征的计算采用反向蒙特卡罗(RMC)法,壁面反射采用双向反射分布函数(BRDF)和漫反射两种模型,并将计算得到的红外辐射强度与模型试验测试结果进行了对比。通过研究BRDF模型参数的变化对计算结果的影响确定了所采用模型中参数的取值。结果表明:壁面反射采用BRDF模型是提高红外辐射计算精度的有效途径。对于本文的试验模型,采用BRDF模型后,明显减小了以低发射高反射部件辐射为主的方向上红外辐射强度的计算误差。     

A study of backscattered spectra dynamics of agricultural crops during growth period on the territory of the Krasnoyarskii Krai (Russia)

The work presents the results of the study aimed at determining the seasonal dynamics of the spectral brightness and reflectance of agricultural crops (wheat, barley and oats) in the Krasnoyarskii Krai (Russia). The analysis of spectral curves obtained through field ground measurements and from satellite data showed that fine spectral differences can be used to study the spatial distribution of various types of vegetation and their ecological state. Based on the created electronic spectral brightness data base, the possibilities are shown of using spectrophotometric information for determining morphophysiological changes occurring in the plants and their species composition. The determined contrasts can be effectively used to obtain necessary information while processing space images, which suffer from natural interferences (varying optical thickness of the atmosphere, cloudiness, alterations in the scanner’s angle of view, varying solar height, and highly inhomogeneous underlying surface).