介质阻挡放电等离子体的温度测量

在空气介质阻挡放电中,利用氮分子振动谱线和氮分子离子的转动谱线,研究了振动温度和转动温度在两极板间的分布情况。结果表明：越靠近极板振动温度越小,中间振动温度最高;而转动温度在两极板间基本保持不变。     

Space observations of comets during solar flares: A possible explanation for comet brightness outbursts

Problems connected with mechanisms for comet brightness outbursts as well as for gamma-ray bursts remain open. Meantime, calculations show that irradiation of a certain class of comet nuclei, having high specific electric resistance, by intense fluxes of energetic protons and positively charged ions with kinetic energies more than 1 MeV/nucleon, ejected from the Sun during strong solar flares, can produce a macroscopic high-voltage electric double layer with positive charge in the subsurface zone of the nucleus, during irradiation times of the order of 10–100 h at heliocentric distances around 1–10 AU. The maximum electric energy accumulated in such layer will be restricted by the electric discharge potential of the layer material. For comet nuclei with typical radii of the order of 1–10 km the accumulated energy of such natural electric capacitor is comparable to the energy of large comet outbursts that are estimated on the basis of ground based optical observations. The impulse gamma and X-ray radiation together with optical burst from the comet nucleus during solar flares, anticipated due to high-voltage electric discharge, may serve as an indicator of realization of the processes above considered. Multi-wavelength observations of comets and pseudo-asteroids of cometary origin, having brightness correlation with solar activity, using ground based optical telescopes as well as space gamma and X-ray observatories, during strong solar flares, are very interesting for the physics of comets as well as for high energy astrophysics.     

Flow separation control on swept wing with nanosecond pulse driven DBD plasma actuators

A 15° swept wing with dielectric barrier discharge plasma actuator is designed.Experimental study of flow separation control with nanosecond pulsed plasma actuation is performed at flow velocity up to 40 m/s. The effects of the actuation frequency and voltage on the aerodynamic performance of the swept wing are evaluated by the balanced force and pressure measurements in the wind tunnel. At last, the performances on separation flow control of the three types of actuators with plane and saw-toothed exposed electrodes are compared. The optimal actuation frequency for the flow separation control on the swept wing is detected, namely the reduced frequency is 0.775, which is different from 2-D airfoil separation control. There exists a threshold voltage for the low swept wing flow control. Before the threshold voltage, as the actuation voltage increases, the control effects become better. The maximum lift is increased by 23.1% with the drag decreased by 22.4% at 14°, compared with the base line. However, the best effects are obtained on actuator with plane exposed electrode in the low-speed experiment and the abilities of saw-toothed actuators are expected to be verified under high-speed conditions.     

热膜测试技术在涡轮叶栅边界层测量中的应用

为了更加精确地测量附面层流动状态,并验证表面热膜测试技术的可靠性,利用表面热膜测量了低雷诺数定常来流条件下高负荷涡轮叶栅通道内叶片吸力面附面层的流动状态,并与表面静压实验测得结果进行对比。结果表明,利用表面热膜测得的准壁面剪切力以及相关的统计参数能够准确捕捉到附面层分离泡和转捩的位置,对于高负荷低压涡轮叶型附面层流动测量是可靠有效的。     

One-to-one relationship between low latitude whistlers and conjugate source lightning discharges and their propagation characteristics

One-to-one relation with its causative lightning discharges and propagation features of night-time whistlers recorded at low-latitude station, Allahabad (geomag. lat. 16.05°N, L = 1.08), India, from continuous observations made during 1–7 April, 2011 have been studied. The whistler observations were made using the Automatic Whistler Detector (AWD) system and AWESOME VLF receiver. The causative lightning strikes of whistlers were checked in data provided by World-Wide Lightning Location Network (WWLLN). A total of 32 whistlers were observed out of which 23 were correlated with their causative lightnings in and around the conjugate location (geom. lat. 9.87°S) of Allahabad. A multi-flash whistler is also observed on 1 April with dispersions 15.3, 17.5 and 13.6 s^1/2. About 70% (23 out of 32) whistlers were correlated with the WWLLN detected causative lightnings in the conjugate region which supports the ducted mode of propagation at low latitude. The multi-flash and short whistlers also propagated most likely in the ducted mode to this station.     

尾缘锯齿结构对低压涡轮动静干涉噪声的影响

为满足现代航空发动机"更紧凑的级间距、更高的经济性和更低的噪声"的设计目标,低压涡轮轴向间距设计得越来越小.然而,较小的轴向间距将严重影响涡轮的气动性能及动静干涉噪声,这对流动及噪声控制方法提出了更高的要求与挑战.为此,采用大涡模拟结合FW-H方程研究了不同轴向间距情况下,上游静叶尾缘采用短、长锯齿结构时,一级低压涡轮...     

电机绝缘系统在高频冲击下局部放电试验研究

高频冲击局部放电(PD)测试可以有效的检测电机绝缘系统的绝缘状态。根据传感器的不同,电机绝缘系统在高频冲击下PD测试方法主要有两种:高频电流传感器法和超高频天线法。试验表明:在高频冲击电压下,PD主要发生在冲击的上升沿和下降沿,在同一放电电压下,上升沿和下降沿的PD幅值较大;在风力发电机定子绝缘系统鉴别试验中,随着老化试验的进行,线圈的PD起始电压总体呈下降趋势。通过鉴别试验,可以确定绝缘系统的冲击电压绝缘等级及类型。     

地面燃气轮机单管燃烧室流量分配试验

对设计的100kW地面燃气轮机单管燃烧室空气流量分配进行了试验研究。在常压环境下采用堵孔法分别得到了旋流器、主燃孔和掺混孔的流量特性曲线,分析得到燃烧室不同结构的流量系数;试验研究了不同进口流量条件下燃烧室的流量分配,测量得到了燃烧室总压损失。研究发现:随着进口空气流量的增加,燃烧室的流量分配比例基本保持稳定,并且与燃烧室的设计空气比例基本吻合;随着燃烧室进口流量（雷诺数）的增加,旋流器、主燃孔和掺混孔的流量系数呈线性降低;随着进口流量（雷诺数）的增加,燃烧室总压损失逐渐增大;对主燃孔和掺混孔的流量特性测量中,两种测量方法得到的试验结果稍有差别,总体上看两种测量方法的试验结果较为接近。通过对比分析证明两种试验测量方法真实可靠,该研究结果可为100kW地面燃气轮机燃烧室的设计与优化提供依据。      

高空低气压下电晕放电电磁脉冲辐射特性模拟实验

为研究高空低气压下飞行器表面电晕放电电磁脉冲辐射特性,以尖端导体电晕放电为研究对象,进行了低气压下电晕放电电磁脉冲辐射特性模拟实验,给出了辐射电场幅值与气压的关系表达式,并基于气体放电和电磁场理论总结了电晕放电电磁脉冲辐射特性随电压极性、气压以及测试距离的变化规律。结果表明:电晕放电电磁脉冲辐射电场时域波形呈衰减振荡形式,持续时间约为600 ns,首脉冲方向随电压极性的不同而不同,且辐射电场分量主要集中在与放电针相同的极化方向;辐射电场频谱主要分布在500 MHz以内,在35 MHz和170 MHz处出现稳定的波峰;在气压为4~30 kPa范围内,随着气压的降低,放电电磁脉冲辐射电场增强;随着测试距离的增加,电晕放电电磁脉冲辐射电场逐渐衰减。该研究结论可为低气压下飞行器电晕放电电磁脉冲辐射特性研究提供有益参考。     

主流压力梯度对气膜孔流量系数影响机理

测量了主流零压力梯度、正压力梯度及负压力梯度条件下气膜孔流量系数,分析了主流压力梯度对气膜孔流量系数的影响机理.结果显示:正、负压力梯度的存在对气膜孔流量系数的影响幅度最大值分别为22%及26%.主流压力梯度会对喷出气流施加弯转作用及挤压作用,同时也会改变喷出气流与近壁面主流的掺混作用,从而影响气膜孔流量系数.挤压作用使喷出气流管变细而增加喷出气流的流动损失;弯转作用主要影响喷出气流的流动轨迹,正压力梯度下弯转作用使喷出气流的轨迹靠近壁面而远离其自由喷射方向增加流动损失,负压力梯度的作用则相反;掺混作用会增加喷出气流的动量消耗,正压力梯度对掺混有抑制作用,从而减少喷出气流用于掺混的动量损失,负压力梯度则相反.