执行器故障下挠性航天器自适应边界容错控制

针对执行器故障下的挠性航天器的姿态控制及振动抑制问题,提出了基于模型变换的自适应边界容错控制方案,实现了挠性航天器的姿态跟踪及振动抑制。首先,为了准确刻画航天器刚体与挠性振动之间的强耦合特性,采用互联偏微分方程-常微分方程描述挠性航天器的混合动力学;其次,设计辅助信号建立边界条件与内部动力学之间的关系;进而,采用直接自适应控制技术设计边界容错控制律及参数更新律,保证挠性航天器闭环姿态控制系统的渐近跟踪性能;最后,仿真结果验证了所提出的边界容错控制算法的有效性。     

星座系统的信息网络设计

多星组网、编队飞行是小卫星应用领域的发展趋势。与之相适应,卫星信息系统正从单星向多星网络化发展,形成一个具有优化拓扑结构、完善通信协议和管理调度机制的统一天基信息网络系统,以实现对协同工作的多星系统的飞行任务管理。文章针对星座系统信息网络的技术特点、拓扑结构设计、网络模型设计、协议设计和一体化设计方法进行了论述,并从工程角度出发,分析了设计过程中应着重解决的关键技术问题。     

航天器测试控制语言设计与实现方法研究

提出以航天器测试系统监控管理软件为运行环境的结构化航天器测试控制语言的语句定义和采用专用编译器、解释器实现的一种方法,可作为研制测试语言和在测试系统监控管理运行软件环境中增强测试序列管理和功能的设计参考。     

对接过程中捕获锁质量和锁合面间隙影响分析

采用弹性接触动力学有限元和多刚体动力学方法分别对航天器对接接触碰撞过程和对接机构捕获、缓冲与校正过程进行了数值模拟,对比分析了捕获锁质量对捕获过程的影响及捕获锁锁合面间隙对捕获后对接过程的影响。从仿真结果可以看出,附加质量有利于主、被动对接环之间形成接触滑移,捕获后锁合面间隙引起两飞行器间相对速度震荡,并延迟了碰撞力和缓冲时间。     

航天器锂离子蓄电池组均衡电路研究

锂离子电池在长期充放电过程中,蓄电池组内各单体电压的离散性会逐渐变大,致使整组电池寿命下降甚至失效,为此航天应用长寿命锂离子电池组必须采用均衡电路。文章对几种常用的锂离子蓄电池组均衡电路作了分析与比较,包括能量耗散型均衡电路和能量非耗散型均衡电路,介绍了其均衡工作原理;从轨道特性的角度总结了航天器电源系统对均衡电路的需求特点,据此分析了恒定分流电阻均衡电路、开关控制分流电阻均衡电路、平均电池电压均衡电路、开关电容均衡电路、DC-DC变换器均衡电路等应用于航天器电源系统的适用性,并给出了各均衡电路的应用分析结论。     

Data-driven model-free adaptive attitude control of partially constrained combined spacecraft with external disturbances and input saturation

This study presents an improved data-driven Model-Free Adaptive Control(MFAC)strategy for attitude stabilization of a partially constrained combined spacecraft with external disturbances and input saturation. First, a novel dynamic linearization data model for the partially constrained combined spacecraft with external disturbances is established. The generalized disturbances composed of external disturbances and dynamic linearization errors are then reconstructed by a Discrete Extended State Observer(DESO). With the dynamic linearization data model and reconstructed information, a DESO-MFAC strategy for the combined spacecraft is proposed based only on input and output data. Next, the input saturation is overcome by introducing an antiwindup compensator. Finally, numerical simulations are carried out to demonstrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed controller when the dynamic properties of the partially constrained combined spacecraft are completely unknown.     

基于循环追踪控制的卫星编队构形调整控制律设计

卫星编队控制问题中，分布式控制优于主从式控制，在编队控制中应用日益广泛。提出了一种基于循环追踪算法的分布式控制策略，分析了该方法的优势。由于循环追踪算法存在编队中心由初始几何中心固定并与运动过程无关的弱点，引进了虚拟灯塔导引进行联合控制实现编队中心可变。建立了三维空间相对运动数学模型，设计非线性循环追踪算法与虚拟灯塔导引联合控制律，对全员联合控制与单星联合控制其余卫星采用非线性循环追踪控制两种方案的计算结果进行比较。结果表明，全员联合控制律的控制方案优于仅单星采用联合控制的方案，两种方案均可实现卫星编队按指定构形运动。     

多航天器反步滑模SO(3)协同控制

针对多航天器系统的姿态协同控制问题，基于特殊正交群(Special Orthogonal Group, SO(3))提出了滑模协同控制设计方法。结合有向通信拓扑，建立了多航天器SO(3)姿态模型。在此基础上研究了SO(3)上协同误差形式，提出了适用于协同控制器构造的SO(3)指令设计方法。为了解决姿态奇异问题，根据SO(3)姿态特性引入补偿项并设计了相应的滑模面，进一步采用反步法完成了SO(3)协同控制器设计，同时给出稳定性分析过程。提出的反步滑模方法保证了协同控制器在整个姿态空间内的适用性，使得多航天器系统能够实现稳定的姿态协同。文中采用两组多航天器系统仿真校验了所提协同方法的有效性。     

Sensitivity analyses of satellite propulsion components with their thermal modelling

Performing the sensitivity analyses of the contact conduction and the position of thermostat on the basis of the thermal model established, the study of thermal design is accomplished for the preparation of possible mechanical interface change of the satellite propulsion system depending on the satellite system design. A relatively simple thermal model is taken into consideration for the convenience of the analysis. A variety of the spacecraft bus voltages and the contact resistances are examined as well as the position of thermostat on propulsion components. As a consequence, even though the mechanical interface condition is changed on the same module, the successful thermal design could be achieved if we design the heater to have sufficiently large power with reference to the heritage value of contact resistance. Besides the reasonable performance on the thermal control is assured with the thermostat location errors, if the uncertainty in the position of thermostat is not quite large when assembling tank module.     

Cosmic ray modulation in the outer heliosphere: Predictions for cosmic ray intensities up to the heliopause along Voyager 1 and 2 trajectories

Time dependent cosmic ray modulation in the outer heliosphere is calculated and results are compared to Voyager 1 and 2 observations using a two-dimensional time-dependent cosmic ray transport model. We predict possible future 133–242 MeV proton observations along the Voyager 1 and 2 spacecraft trajectories. Recent theoretical advances in cosmic ray transport parameters are introduced in order to provide a time-dependence for the assumed transport parameters used in the model. This leads to results that are in general compatible with the spacecraft observations in the inner and outer heliosphere over multiple solar cycles. However, for the outer heliosphere, we find that the Voyager 1 and 2 spacecraft observations cannot be fitted with an identical set of parameters along both trajectories. This indicates a possible asymmetric heliosphere or a symmetric heliosphere but with different diffusion parameters in the northern and southern hemispheres, respectively. Furthermore, results indicate that Voyager 2 observations are still under the influence of solar cycle related changes because of the large modulation volume between the heliopause and spacecraft location in contrast to Voyager 1 which shows a steady increase in cosmic ray intensities.