中-大迎角下圆锥前体流场的等离子体控制

在圆锥一圆柱组合体圆锥段的尖端区域布置一对单个介质阻挡放电激励器（SDBD）,通过风洞实验对圆锥前体分离涡流场的等离子体控制特性进行了研究。实验风速5m／s,迎角为25°和30°,采用表面压力测量技术,并通过对压力的积分得到侧向力系数。实验结果表明：通过控制激励器的开、关可以改变圆锥两侧压力分布不对称的模式,从而使得侧向力的大小和方向发生改变。研究表明：等离子体激励器可以对非双稳态下的圆锥前体分离涡流场进行有效的控制。     

Preparation of Porous Silica Ceramics with Low Dielectric Constant

Porous silica ceramics has been prepared with the starch consolidation casting method. Slurries with various fractions of starch added in were prepared by ball-milling. The evaluation of the microstructures was done through two techniques: Hg porosimetry and SEM investigation. The bending strength of the sintered samples varied within the range of 10 MPa-20 MPa and the low dielectric con-stant within the range of 2.0-2.4 correspondent with the porosity of 42%-56%. The ceramics holds a brilliant promise of being a kind of core material used in sandwich-like electromagnetic windows.     

纳米二氧化锰掺杂炭黑复合材料电磁特性的研究

基于单一吸收剂无法达到良好的微波吸收效果,利用纳米二氧化锰掺杂炭黑颗粒制备了一种新型的复合吸收剂,并进行TEM形貌表征,介电性能分析以及微波吸收性能的测试.结果表明,炭黑属于电阻型损耗介质,主要呈球形多孔状;二氧化锰属于介电损耗介质,特殊的条形片状结构增加了电磁波在机体内的反射次数和散射截面,高电阻特性有效改善了吸波平板材料的输入波阻抗匹配程度,从而大大改善炭黑的微波吸收性能.     

An inversion approach for lunar regolith layer thickness using optical albedo data and microwave emission simulation

An approach to inversion of the lunar regolith layer thickness by using multi-channel brightness temperature observation in passive microwave remote sensing is developed. To first make simulation of brightness temperature from the lunar layered media, the lunar regolith layer thickness (d) is proposed being constructed by available lunar DEM (digital elevation mapping) and on site measurements. The physical temperature distribution (T) over the lunar surface is also empirically assumed as a monotonic function of the latitude. Optical albedo of the lunar nearside from the telescopic observation is employed to construct the spatial distribution of the FeO+TiO₂ content (S) in the lunar regolith layer. A statistic relationship between the DEM and S of the lunar nearside is further extended to construction of S of the lunar farside. Thus, the dielectric permittivity (ε) of global lunar regolith layer can then be determined. Based on all these conditions (d,T,ε), brightness temperature of the lunar regolith layer in passive microwave remote sensing, which is planned for China's Chang-E lunar project, is numerically simulated by a parallel layering model using the strong fluctuation theory of random media.Then, taking these simulations with random noise as observations, an inversion method of the lunar regolith layer thickness is developed by using three- or two-channels brightness temperatures. When the S is low, and the four channels brightness temperatures in China's Chang-E project are well distinguishable, the regolith layer thickness and physical temperature of the underlying lunar rock media can be inverted by the three-channels approach. When the S becomes high that the brightness temperature at high frequency channels such as 19.35, 37 GHz are saturated, the regolith layer thickness is alternatively inverted only by the two-channels approach.Numerical simulation and inversion approach in this paper make an evaluation of the performance for lunar passive microwave remote sensing, and for future data calibration and validation.     

高硅氧/有机硅透波材料介电性能实验分析

对所研制的低残炭率甲基硅树脂基透波复合材料的介电性能进行了实验分析。结果表明,用甲基硅树脂作为基体的透波复合材料介电性能优良,在800℃和1 200℃高温处理后,采用电磁波频率9.30 GHz测试介电常数小于3.5,材料透波率高达90%以上;在700~1 200℃范围内介电常数随温度的升高变化不明显,温度每升高100℃,介电常数变化小于1%;在一定范围内,增加添加剂含量对透波材料的介电性能影响不大;采用浸渍有机硅树脂和表面涂覆有机涂层的防潮处理方法,可有效抑制材料介电性能的变化。     

星用FR-4材料本征介电性能随温度的变化研究

卫星内带电效应是引起航天器故障的重要原因之一。地面试验模拟和分析评估是内带电效应研究的主要手段,而介质材料的介电性能参数是分析评估的必要输入条件。文章系统介绍了FR-4材料的电导率、介电常数、介电强度3种本征介电参数的测量方法,并通过试验测量了不同温度下FR-4的介电参数。研究发现,FR-4本征介电参数并非固定值,而会随温度发生规律性的变化。     

一种微带左手传输线的精确分析方法

根据微带线的基本理论,结合微波集成电路中集总元件的设计思想,充分考虑电路的各种寄生参数,在此基础上建立了更为准确的微带左手传输线等效电路和参数表达式。分析结果能够很好地与全波仿真吻合。该研究对于微带左手传输线的构造及其在微波电路和器件以及空间通信等高频段的应用提供一套新颖的分析与设计方法。     

电子辐照下聚酰亚胺薄膜的深层充电现象研究

空间辐射环境下聚合物绝缘材料的深层充放电效应是威胁航天器安全的重要因素之一。文章利用能量为5～100keV的单能电子枪,研究了不同束流强度电子辐照下聚酰亚胺薄膜样品的深层充电过程。实验表明,在102pA量级的电子束辐照下,聚酰亚胺薄膜样品的表面电位迅速上升后缓慢变化,最终可以达到几kV。在一定条件下,样品表面电位随着辐照电子束流密度和样品厚度的增加而增大;充电达到平衡所需的时间随着辐照电子束流密度和样品厚度的增加而减少。辐照截止后聚酰亚胺薄膜样品内部电荷的泄放需经历较长时间,由衰减时间常数推测出的样品电阻率要比采用传统测量方法得到的结果高一个量级。     

转移轨道航天器深层充放电效应仿真分析

为研究转移轨道卫星介质深层动态充电规律特征,针对卫星动态辐射环境的特点,基于FLUMIC思想,建立辐射带动态电子环境模式。针对动态辐射环境下星上介质深层充电的特征,使用辐射诱导电导率(RIC)模型和Geant4建立了适用于转移轨道卫星动态环境下的介质深层充电应用模型。首次对地球同步转移轨道(GTO)和嫦娥一号卫星调相轨道运行过程中介质深层充电情况进行了仿真分析。结果表明:转移轨道卫星在运行时会多次穿越辐射带区域,电子通量存在明显波动,这种波动性反映在材料的充电电位变化中。材料峰值充电电位分别为-2 846V和-4 110V,介质内部平衡电场均超过106 V/m,存在内放电风险,需要在工程设计中进行针对性防护。     

大椭圆轨道航天器介质材料深层充电仿真分析

为研究大椭圆轨道(HEO)航天器介质深层充电规律特征,基于FLUMIC模型建立辐射带电子环境模式,初步分析了诱发HEO深层充电的高能电子环境,计算了介质材料在HEO环境下的充电特征,并与地球同步轨道(GEO)下的情况进行对比。结果表明,HEO电子平均积分通量与GEO的相比处于同一量级,但存在明显波动,这将导致卫星在轨运行时,其上介质平均充电电位上升,增加内带电的风险。HEO介质平均充电电位为GEO的1.3倍,瞬时电位以12 h周期波动,电位最大值较环境电子通量最大值有数十min延时。增加屏蔽层厚度和减小介质厚度均能有效减缓HEO卫星介质电位波动,并降低内带电的风险。