空间温度场对平面反射镜面形影响研究

基于传热学基本理论,给出了潜望式激光通信终端二维转台在轨运行过程中的传 热控制方程,分析了二维转台的温度场分布,得出了不同材料反射镜在轨运行过程中温度场 随时间变化规律和升交点时刻的热形变分布。分析过程中二维转台外表面采取氧化处理,没 有采用其他温控措施,分析结果表明,对于四种不同材料反射镜,激光通信终端在轨运行一 个轨道周期的时间内,SiC材料温度波动范围最小,并且温度不均匀性也最小,因此SiC材料 是潜望式激光通信终端反射镜的可选材料。对于SiC反射镜,升交点时刻俯仰轴反射镜的温 度不均匀性最大,达到0.93℃。反射镜采用椭圆周上六点螺钉固定的方式时, 俯仰轴反射镜面形RMS值达到2.25μm,这将对光束指向产生影响,进而影响系统性能。 本文的研究内容对潜望式激光通信终端反射镜材料选择和温控措施的采取有一定参考价值。
     

面结构光在三维测量中的应用技术研究

结构光测量技术具有非接触、精度高、速度快、应用广等优点,是三维测量领域中重点发展的方向之一。对比3种不同形式的结构光,采用基于三角法原理的面结构光对待测物体进行三维测量,数据采集得到待测物体单幅点云,通过标志点自动拼接技术及基于ICP原理的拼接技术完成单幅点云数据的粗拼接和精拼接,将拼接后点云数据与理论模型对齐并创建彩图,得到待测物体误差彩图,直观反映待测零件实际状态。利用不同设备对同一零件进行测量,验证了结果的正确性以及测量的高效性,测量因素分析可以有效提高测量效率,减少噪点对测量结果的影响。     

实施卫星激光定轨的建议

随着卫星对地观测分辨率的不断提高 ,对卫星在轨位置精度的要求也越来越高。采用星载激光后向反射镜阵列与卫星激光测距定轨方法 ,可以获得厘米级的定轨精度。文中针对我国国情 ,建议我国的导航卫星和对地观测卫星采用激光定轨技术 ,并提出了创立卫星激光定轨条件的实施建议。     

基于Kalman滤波的激光陀螺捷联惯导自寻北技术研究

利用Kalman滤波技术对捷联惯导在准静基座条件下初始对准的失准角进行估计,进而实现惯导系统的自寻北。提出了对激光陀螺进行速率偏频的办法,解决了寻北的精度问题,并给出了实现导弹水平瞄准的方法。     

MEMS陀螺随机漂移误差系数的动态提取

针对传统Allan方差提取微机电系统（MEMS）陀螺随机误差系数仅得到近似均值,与实际中其随时间在均值附近波动不相符的缺点,提出一种动态提取MEMS陀螺随机误差系数的方法。该方法将窗函数引入Allan方差计算,不仅能够正确提取MEMS陀螺随机误差系数,而且还能得到MEMS陀螺随机误差系数的时间变化曲线,这将有利于MEMS陀螺的性能分析和误差补偿。实验证明该方法提取的MEMS陀螺随机误差系数的时间变化曲线在以传统Allan方差得到的近似均值附近波动。由此可见,该方法具有一定的可信度。     

半球谐振陀螺控制及补偿技术

首先介绍了半球谐振陀螺(HRG)发展历程,分析国内外研究现状并总结了现阶段半球谐振陀螺发展趋势;其次讨论了半球谐振陀螺控制技术,包括不同条件下驻波的激励检测方法、陀螺工作模式、驻波控制方案,以及一种全新的频率调制控制方案;另外,分别以驻波调制补偿、电极增益补偿、多陀螺补偿以及环境载荷补偿为例,分析了控制方案补偿、器件补偿、系统补偿以及场景补偿等四种半球谐振陀螺补偿技术;最后通过对现有技术和研究的分析,提出了半球谐振陀螺控制及补偿技术未来的发展方向。     

A mars communication constellation for human exploration and network science

This paper analyses the possibility of exploiting a small spacecrafts constellation around Mars to ensure a complete and continuous coverage of the planet, for the purpose of supporting future human and robotic operations and taking advantage of optical transmission techniques. The study foresees such a communications mission to be implemented at least after 2020 and a high data-rate requirement is imposed for the return of huge scientific data from massive robotic exploration or to allow video transmissions from a possible human outpost.     

The crustal dynamics data information system: A resource to support scientific analysis using space geodesy

Since 1982, the Crustal Dynamics Data Information System (CDDIS) has supported the archive and distribution of geodetic data products acquired by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) as well as national and international programs. The CDDIS provides easy, timely, and reliable access to a variety of data sets, products, and information about these data. These measurements, obtained from a global network of nearly 650 instruments at more than 400 distinct sites, include DORIS (Doppler Orbitography and Radiopositioning Integrated by Satellite), GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System), SLR and LLR (Satellite and Lunar Laser Ranging), and VLBI (Very Long Baseline Interferometry). The CDDIS data system and its archive have become increasingly important to many national and international science communities, particularly several of the operational services within the International Association of Geodesy (IAG) and its observing system the Global Geodetic Observing System (GGOS), including the International DORIS Service (IDS), the International GNSS Service (IGS), the International Laser Ranging Service (ILRS), the International VLBI Service for Geodesy and Astrometry (IVS), and the International Earth rotation and Reference frame Service (IERS). Investigations resulting from the data and products available through the CDDIS support research in many aspects of Earth system science and global change. Each month, the CDDIS archives more than one million data and derived product files totaling over 90 Gbytes in volume. In turn, the global user community downloads nearly 1.2 Tbytes (over 10.5 million files) of data and products from the CDDIS each month. The requirements of analysts have evolved since the start of the CDDIS; the specialized nature of the system accommodates the enhancements required to support diverse data sets and user needs. This paper discusses the CDDIS, including background information about the system and its user communities, archive contents, available metadata, and future plans.     

振动与冲击传感器的温度响应校准

振动与冲击传感器的灵敏度(校准系数)、阻尼比和谐振频率均为温度的函数。灵敏度随温度变化的特性称之为温度响应。从分析目前传感器温度响应测试方法存在的问题入手,着重介绍了将激光测振应用于温响校准的实施方法、原理和校准装置的技术性能。     

激光-GMAW复合热源焊接熔池-小孔行为分析

掌握和深入理解激光-GMAW复合热源焊接过程中的熔池与小孔行为,是实现复合热源焊接工艺参数优化并将其应用于实际工程的前提.综合考虑激光和电弧的热-力作用以及熔滴过渡带入熔池的质量、热量和动量,建立了激光-GMAW复合热源焊接过程的数值分析模型.定量分析了复合热源焊接过程中熔池流体流动与传热过程以及小孔的动态行为.数值分析结果表明,小孔壁面上各种力相互作用和影响,在小孔前/后壁上会周期性地出现微小凸台,小孔孔道处于短暂瞬间闭合与重新张开的瞬时演变状态.熔滴冲击造成的熔池凹陷与小孔周期性合并与分离,加剧了小孔的不稳定性.熔池内形成两个方向相反的涡流,并在电弧下方附近发生交汇.