激光推力器材料耐热性能的数值分析

推力器是激光推进的重要部件,推力器材料的选择需要充分考虑其承受强激光辐射后的耐热性能,避免被熔化破坏。基于激光辐照一维加热熔化模型,提出了高精度和快速的温度场计算方法,研究了强激光辐照推力器材料时的熔化时间,材料表面及内部温度场分布,进一步提出了材料优选的原则:低激光吸收率、高热传导率。以部分典型材料为实例,对耐热性能进行了对比分析,并给出了较好的推力器材料。     

位标器陀螺电磁场有限元分析及电磁环境设计

本文针对位标器陀螺的基本工作原理和使用环境,利用ANSOFT软件,对陀螺电磁场进行了有限元分析,并根据电磁场分布的特点及陀螺对电磁环境的特殊要求,在红外探测器和陀螺主轴承外围分别设计了屏蔽罩和屏蔽环,使陀螺内外部的电磁环境得到了优化,最终的分析验证取得了满意的结果,表明该优化方案有效可行。     

热处理对激光快速成形TC21钛合金组织和硬度的影响

采用激光快速成形技术制备出TC21钛合金块状坯料,研究了去应力退火及固溶时效热处理对成形件组织和硬度的影响。结果表明:去应力退火后,成形件组织和显微硬度基本无变化;固溶+时效热处理后,原沉积态明暗两区统一,硬度基本无差别,表明组织已均匀化。随着固溶温度的升高,网篮组织中的α片变宽,球状α相的数量增多,晶界α相发生粗化。当固溶温度为932℃时,成形件沉积态中粗大的柱状晶发生再结晶,转变为较细小的等轴晶。     

大量程高精度光纤陀螺的设计与实现

采用增强Sagnac效应的方式提高干涉式光纤陀螺精度时,往往会减小陀螺的量程。从理论角度分析了高精度光纤陀螺实现量程扩展的可能性,完成了相关的算法设计,实现了跨条纹工作的平滑过渡,搭建了实验平台,成功将高精度光纤陀螺的量程从[Ω-π]~[Ω-π]扩展到[Ω-7π]~[Ω7π]。通过对量程扩展前后陀螺标度因数、零偏稳定性等参数的对比,得到了陀螺在量程扩展后不影响其基本参数的结论,进一步验证了高精度光纤陀螺的大量程设计的正确性和可靠性。     

Brazing diamond grits onto AA7075 aluminium alloy substrate with Ag–Cu–Ti filler alloy by laser heating

The brazing of diamond is a promising way to fabricate grinding wheels for efficient machining and precision grinding. This work investigated the feasibility of bonding diamond grits onto Aluminium Alloy 7075 (AA7075) substrate with a Ag–Cu–Ti filler alloy via laser fusion brazing. The interfacial microstructures and the strength of the brazed diamond joints were studied. The cross-section of the brazed diamond joint consists of a molten filler alloy layer, a molten pool, a heat effect zone, a columnar crystal zone and an equiaxed crystal zone. Within the interface of the filler alloy/substrate metal, microstructures observed possibly were Ag(s.s), Al(s.s), TixAl, Al2Cu and Mg intermetallic compounds. A layer of TiC with a thickness of about 30–50 nm was found at the bonding interface of the diamond/filler alloy. The averaged peak shear force of the brazed joints was found to be approximately 39.8 N. The abrasion grinding test indicated that the diamond/AA7075 brazed joint was adequate for grinding. However, the pulled-off of grit was found to be the primary failure of this type of brazed joint. This work broadened the brazing diamond technique and the range of applications of brazed diamond wheels for efficient grinding.     

Hot deformation behavior and microstructure evolution of the laser solid formed TC4 titanium alloy

Hot compressive experiments of the laser solid formed (LSFed) TC4 titanium alloy were conducted at a wide temperature range of 650–950 °C and strain rate of 0.01–10 s⁻¹. The Arrhenius-type constitutive models of the LSFed TC4 alloy were established at the temperature range of 800–950 °C and of 650–800 °C, respectively. The average relative error between the predicted stresses and experimental values in those two temperature ranges are 10.4% and 8.3%, respectively, indicating that the prediction models constructed in this paper are in a good agreement with experimental data. Processing maps were established by the principle of dynamic materials modeling on the basis of the data achieved from the hot compression experiments. The processing parameters corresponding to the stable and unstable regions of material deformation can be determined from the processing maps. The microstructure evolution of the stable and unstable regions of the samples after tests were observed. Finally, the effect of hot compressive parameters on the microstructure were investigated to research the dynamic recrystallization and the texture of the deformed LSFed TC4 alloy.     

Surface micro-texture on sapphire fabricated by laser ablation trajectory regulation

Fabrication of the surface micro-texture on the C-plane sapphire is undertaken by a355 nm Ultraviolet(UV) pulsed laser. The surface micro-textures of sapphire with different laser scanning line spacing ranging from 10 lm to 100 lm are obtained, where the selection range of scanning line spacing is controlled in the range of the groove width and plasma width to obtain a surface of high Peak-Valley(PV) value. A reasonable processing order is proposed to manufacture different types of surface micro...     

事件时间测量系统及其在绝对重力仪中的应用

绝对重力仪通常采用真空腔中自由落体的方法,通过测量激光干涉条纹信号的过零时间来计算绝对重力加速度(g)。针对绝对重力仪的使用,依托电子计数法的基本原理,基于数字信号处理器(Digital Signal Processor,DSP)设计实现了事件时间测量系统,精确测量干涉条纹过零时间。首先介绍了事件时间测量的基本原理,然后具体介绍在以DSP为核心的硬件上的实现方法。根据理论计算和MATLAB~?数值仿真实验,评价系统测时误差以及对重力加速度测值的影响。最后分别通过硬件模拟实验和FG5X型高精度绝对重力仪上的对比实验进行验证。实验证明,该系统对重力加速度测量真值影响小于1μGal(1μGal=1×10~(-8) m/s~2),标准差影响小于5μGal。该系统体积小、成本低,尤其对于小型化、野外使用的绝对重力仪,完全符合其使用需求。     

基于激光雷达的数字化装配检测技术研究

为提高新型飞机装配检测需求,提出了基于激光雷达的装配检测方法,使用激光雷达对装配零部件定位基准进行测量,并对测量数据进行分析,提取出关键尺寸信息,从根本上解决装配问题。结合飞机某部件装配检测实例,对其装配问题进行检测及分析,解决了飞机装配过程中配合尺寸超差问题。结果证明基于激光雷达的装配检测技术可高效准确地检测出飞机装配问题,对实现飞机数字化自动装配具有重要意义。     

MEMS梳齿音叉陀螺温度漂移特性研究

由于MEMS音叉陀螺多用于车载及无人机导航等应用场合,而外界温度环境因素对其零偏性能有着很大的影响,因此其温度引起的零偏漂移的大小直接影响着最终导航的性能。研究了全温范围传感器漂移特性,旨在提升陀螺温度漂移特性。通过改进电路设计以及采用实时补偿算法对其全温范围温度引起的零偏漂移进行补偿,将零偏稳定性提升了一个数量级。