Nonlinear quantum ion acoustic shock wave dynamics with exchange-correlation effects

The dynamics of linear and nonlinear electrostatic shock excitations is studied in homogeneous, unmagnetized, unbounded and dissipative quantum plasma consisting of electrons and ions. The dissipation in the system is taken into account by incorporating the ion kinematic viscosity. The system is modelled using the quantum hydrodynamic equations in which the electrons are significantly affected by the quantum forces, viz., the quantum statistical pressure, the quantum Bohm potential and electron exchange-correlations due to electron spin. In the weakly nonlinear limit, using reductive perturbation method deformed Korteweg-de Vries Burgers’s (KdVB) equation, which elegantly combines the effects of nonlinearity, dispersion and dissipation is derived. It is found that the present model predicts the existence of both nonlinear oscillatory and monotonic shock structures. The temporal evolution, stability and phase-space dynamics of nonlinear ion acoustic shocks are investigated numerically to elucidate the effects of quantum diffraction, electron exchange correlation and ion kinematic viscosity.     

Optimization design of chiral hexagonal honeycombs with prescribed elastic properties under large deformation

Flexible chiral honeycomb cores generally exhibit nonlinear elastic properties due to large geometric deformation. The effective elastic moduli and Poisson’s ratio typically vary with an increase in deformation. Here, the size and shape optimization of the chiral hexagonal honeycombs was performed to keep the Young’s moduli and Poisson's ratio unchanged under large deformations. The size of the honeycomb unit cell and the position coordinates of the key points were defined simultaneously as design variables. The equivalent Young's modulus and Poisson’s ratio of chiral honeycombs were calculated through geometric nonlinear analysis. The objective was to minimize the allowable tolerance between the prescribed and actual properties within the range of the target strain. A genetic algorithm was then adopted. The optimal results demonstrate that the chiral honeycombs can maintain effective elastic properties that do not vary under large deformation. These results are meaningful to morphing aircraft designs.     

Multifunctional Martian habitat composite material synthesized from in situ resources

The two primary requirements for a Martian habitat structure include effective radiation shielding against the Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR) environment and sufficient structural and thermal integrity. To significantly reduce the cost associated with transportation of such materials and structures from earth, it is imperative that such building materials should be synthesized primarily from Martian in situ resources. This paper illustrates the feasibility of such an approach. Experimental results are discussed to demonstrate the synthesis of polyethylene (PE) from a simulated Martian atmosphere and the fabrication of a composite material using simulated Martian regolith with PE as the binding material. The radiation shielding effectiveness of the proposed composites is analyzed using results from radiation transport codes and exposure of the samples to high-energy beams that serve as a terrestrial proxy for the GCR environment. Mechanical and ballistic impact resistance properties of the proposed composite as a function of composition, processing parameters, and thermal variations are also discussed to evaluate the multifunctionality of such in situ synthesized composite materials.     

大型伞绳帆和抽打现象连续模型及验证

文章主要推导了可用于描述大型降落伞绳帆和抽打现象的一般绳索三维动力学连续模型,及弦坐标系下可用于求解绳帆现象的两点边值问题(BVP)模型,并采用某型号大型降落伞的空投录像和杆件算例对模型进行验证对比,说明了模型的正确性,采用这一连续模型能够更直观地对大型伞的绳帆和抽打现象进行定性和定量分析。     

作大范围运动刚柔混合体的动力学建模与仿真

考虑耦合效应的柔性空间结构耦合动力学研究在航空航天领域具有重要的应用价值.用有限元法对柔性结构进行离散化处理,得到了柔性结构的模态阵.以模态展开方法以及Kane方程为理论基础,建立了作大范围运动刚柔混合体的动力学模型,并通过Matlab软件编写程序进行求解.为了检验该动力学模型及其程序的正确性,将Matlab仿真结果与商用软件仿真结果进行对照,进而验证了该仿真的正确性.本研究解决了中心刚体加柔性附件这一类航天器的动力学仿真问题.      

增材制造钛合金微桁架夹芯板低速冲击响应

增材制造技术能够制造复杂点阵结构。相比于传统的加工工艺,可以一次成型,克服了低速冲击下传统工艺芯层与面层在连接点处易发生脱粘的问题。利用低速落锤试验装置对增材制造面心立方（FCC）夹芯板和体心立方（BCC）夹芯板进行了低速冲击试验,获得了两种微桁架点阵夹芯板的破坏模式和冲击响应曲线。低速冲击下,微桁架夹芯板上面层在冲击部位产生局部凹坑,并出现裂纹,其余部位没有大变形。试验结果表明在相同能量冲击下,BCC夹芯板的凹坑深度要小于FCC夹芯板,BCC夹芯板的抗冲击性能要优于FCC夹芯板;建立有限元模型,较好地表征了低速冲击过程中微桁架结构的损伤。发现在低速冲击过程中,对于两种微桁架点阵夹芯板,冲击能量主要由上面层和芯层吸收;冲击能量改变,夹芯板各部分吸能百分比变化较小。BCC夹芯板和FCC夹芯板结构稳定,整体性好;低速冲击下,FCC夹芯板最先发生破坏的部位是上面层与芯层连接处;而BCC夹芯板最先发生破坏的部位是中间竖直桁架。     

交会对接微波雷达大范围高精度测角算法

针对现有交会对接微波雷达测角算法不能同时满足远程与近程目标测量精度问题,提出了一种基于相差复矢量匹配的二维测角算法。在定义了目标函数基础上,利用相差复矢量的酉空间内积特性将二维角度估计问题等效为目标函数最大化的非线性优化过程,规避了线性算法近距离误差大的缺点。数值仿真、机载飞行试验和微波暗室试验都表明,该算法对近程、远程目标的测角精度优于0.12°,且易于实现,有较高的工程应用价值。     

基于分布式剪刀构型控制力矩陀螺的大尺寸空间结构振动抑制

针对柔性航天器上大尺寸柔性结构的振动抑制问题,提出在结构上分布安装剪刀构型的微型控制力矩陀螺(CMG),实现空间柔性结构的振动抑制.首先建立携带分布式剪刀构型CMG的约束边界大尺寸空间结构的动力学方程,然后基于Lyapunov方法设计剪刀构型CMG的框架轴操纵律,结合工程实际的"死区"现象,对所设计操纵律进行改进.最后...     

智能材料和结构在变体飞行器上的应用现状与前景展望

变体飞行器可以根据不同的飞行条件改变自身形状以获得最优的气动性能,大大提高飞行器的综合性能,是未来飞行器发展的重要方向之一。新型智能材料和结构具有驱动、变形、承载、传感等特点,为变体飞行器的设计提供了新的技术途径。本文根据不同可变形机翼结构分类,详细阐述了智能材料和结构在自适应结构、智能驱动器和变形蒙皮等方面的研究现状。变体飞行器的实现亟需解决变形/承载一体化蒙皮技术、轻质大输出力驱动器技术和自适应结构技术等关键技术,本文还对智能材料和结构未来在变体飞行器上的应用前景进行了展望。     

Morphing wing flaps for large civil aircraft: Evolution of a smart technology across the Clean Sky program

Morphing wing structures are widely considered among the most promising technologies for the improvement of aerodynamic performances in large civil aircraft. The controlled adaptation of the wing shape to external operative conditions naturally enables the maximization of aircraft aerodynamic efficiency, with positive fallouts on the amount of fuel burned and pollutant emissions. The benefits brought by morphing wings at aircraft level are accompanied by the criticalities of the enabling technologies, mainly involving weight penalties, overconsumption of electrical power, and safety issues. The attempt to solve such criticalities passes through the development of novel design approaches, ensuring the consolidation of reliable structural solutions that are adequately mature for certification and in-flight operations. In this work, the development phases of a multimodal camber morphing wing flap, tailored for large civil aircraft applications, are outlined with specific reference to the activities addressed by the author in the framework of the Clean Sky program.The flap is morphed according to target shapes depending on aircraft flight conditions and defined to enhance high-lift performances during takeoff and landing, as well as wing aerodynamic efficiency during cruise. An innovative system based on finger-like robotic ribs driven by electromechanical actuators is proposed as morphing-enabling technology; the maturation process of the device is then traced from the proof of concept to the consolidation of a true-scale demonstrator for pre-flight ground validation tests. A step-by-step approach involving the design and testing of intermediate demonstrators is then carried out to show the compliance of the adaptive system with industrial standards and safety requirements. The technical issues encountered during the development of each intermediate demonstrator are critically analyzed, and justifications are provided for all the adopted engineering solutions. Finally, the layout of the true-scale demonstrator is presented, with emphasis on the architectural strengths, enabling the forthcoming validation in real operative conditions.