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71.
S. M. Krimigis D. G. Mitchell D. C. Hamilton S. Livi J. Dandouras S. Jaskulek T. P. Armstrong J. D. Boldt A. F. Cheng G. Gloeckler J. R. Hayes K. C. Hsieh W.-H. Ip E. P. Keath E. Kirsch N. Krupp L. J. Lanzerotti R. Lundgren B. H. Mauk R. W. McEntire E. C. Roelof C. E. Schlemm B. E. Tossman B. Wilken D. J. Williams 《Space Science Reviews》2004,114(1-4):233-329
The magnetospheric imaging instrument (MIMI) is a neutral and charged particle detection system on the Cassini orbiter spacecraft designed to perform both global imaging and in-situ measurements to study the overall configuration and dynamics of Saturn’s magnetosphere and its interactions with the solar wind, Saturn’s atmosphere, Titan, and the icy satellites. The processes responsible for Saturn’s aurora will be investigated; a search will be performed for substorms at Saturn; and the origins of magnetospheric hot plasmas will be determined. Further, the Jovian magnetosphere and Io torus will be imaged during Jupiter flyby. The investigative approach is twofold. (1) Perform remote sensing of the magnetospheric energetic (E > 7 keV) ion plasmas by detecting and imaging charge-exchange neutrals, created when magnetospheric ions capture electrons from ambient neutral gas. Such escaping neutrals were detected by the Voyager l spacecraft outside Saturn’s magnetosphere and can be used like photons to form images of the emitting regions, as has been demonstrated at Earth. (2) Determine through in-situ measurements the 3-D particle distribution functions including ion composition and charge states (E > 3 keV/e). The combination of in-situ measurements with global images, together with analysis and interpretation techniques that include direct “forward modeling’’ and deconvolution by tomography, is expected to yield a global assessment of magnetospheric structure and dynamics, including (a) magnetospheric ring currents and hot plasma populations, (b) magnetic field distortions, (c) electric field configuration, (d) particle injection boundaries associated with magnetic storms and substorms, and (e) the connection of the magnetosphere to ionospheric altitudes. Titan and its torus will stand out in energetic neutral images throughout the Cassini orbit, and thus serve as a continuous remote probe of ion flux variations near 20R
S (e.g., magnetopause crossings and substorm plasma injections). The Titan exosphere and its cometary interaction with magnetospheric plasmas will be imaged in detail on each flyby. The three principal sensors of MIMI consists of an ion and neutral camera (INCA), a charge–energy–mass-spectrometer (CHEMS) essentially identical to our instrument flown on the ISTP/Geotail spacecraft, and the low energy magnetospheric measurements system (LEMMS), an advanced design of one of our sensors flown on the Galileo spacecraft. The INCA head is a large geometry factor (G ∼ 2.4 cm2 sr) foil time-of-flight (TOF) camera that separately registers the incident direction of either energetic neutral atoms (ENA) or ion species (≥5∘ full width half maximum) over the range 7 keV/nuc < E < 3 MeV/nuc. CHEMS uses electrostatic deflection, TOF, and energy measurement to determine ion energy, charge state, mass, and 3-D anisotropy in the range 3 ≤ E ≤ 220 keV/e with good (∼0.05 cm2 sr) sensitivity. LEMMS is a two-ended telescope that measures ions in the range 0.03 ≤ E ≤ 18 MeV and electrons 0.015 ≤ E≤ 0.884 MeV in the forward direction (G ∼ 0.02 cm2 sr), while high energy electrons (0.1–5 MeV) and ions (1.6–160 MeV) are measured from the back direction (G ∼ 0.4 cm2 sr). The latter are relevant to inner magnetosphere studies of diffusion processes and satellite microsignatures as well as cosmic ray albedo neutron decay (CRAND). Our analyses of Voyager energetic neutral particle and Lyman-α measurements show that INCA will provide statistically significant global magnetospheric images from a distance of ∼60 R
S every 2–3 h (every ∼10 min from ∼20 R
S). Moreover, during Titan flybys, INCA will provide images of the interaction of the Titan exosphere with the Saturn magnetosphere every 1.5 min. Time resolution for charged particle measurements can be < 0.1 s, which is more than adequate for microsignature studies. Data obtained during Venus-2 flyby and Earth swingby in June and August 1999, respectively, and Jupiter flyby in December 2000 to January 2001 show that the instrument is performing well, has made important and heretofore unobtainable measurements in interplanetary space at Jupiter, and will likely obtain high-quality data throughout each orbit of the Cassini mission at Saturn. Sample data from each of the three sensors during the August 18 Earth swingby are shown, including the first ENA image of part of the ring current obtained by an instrument specifically designed for this purpose. Similarily, measurements in cis-Jovian space include the first detailed charge state determination of Iogenic ions and several ENA images of that planet’s magnetosphere.This revised version was published online in July 2005 with a corrected cover date. 相似文献
72.
新时期高校学生党建工作的思考 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
薛如珍 《西安航空技术高等专科学校学报》2003,21(4):9-11
文章以学生党建工作的实践角度,从认识学生党员发展工作的重要性,学生党员发展基本途径和教育培养过程做了探讨。 相似文献
73.
亚,超声速旋涡流动特征的定性分析研究 总被引:2,自引:4,他引:2
本文研究了沿其轴向运动的亚声速和超声速旋涡的性状,指出两者完全不同。在加速区,于涡轴附近,亚声速旋涡的横截面流线即横截面上的速度场的向量线为由外向内转的稳定螺旋点形态,空间流线沿其轴向是收缩的,而超声速旋涡的横截面流线为由内向外转的不稳定螺旋点形态,空间流线沿其轴向是散开的。在减速区,两者的情况也恰好相反,此外,当旋涡由加速区过渡到减速区时,两者横截面流线方程在涡轴附近的Hopf分叉情况也不同,亚 相似文献
74.
飞行任务对卫星轨道提出指标要求,这些指标决定了卫星轨道参数的容许偏差范围。结合太阳同步(准)回归轨道卫星的轨道特性,针对覆盖重叠率、太阳同步等指标,使用解析方法讨论了大气阻力摄动影响下轨道参数的容许偏差,通过分析可以初步确定轨道控制策略及能量需求,最终为轨道保持方法的设计提供参考和依据。 相似文献
75.
小卫星编队飞行的相对运动学方程研究 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
以运动学方法为基础研究了编队卫星相对运动的一种更直接方法,利用不同天体力学特性,将相对位置和速度与相对轨道参数建立了联系,首先,详细推导了以运动学方法为基础的相对运动方程,据此可直接得出环绕卫星的轨道根数,其次,为有利于相对轨道分析和设计,对相对运动方程进行了简化,最后,通过例子验证了该方法的正确性,仿真结果表明该方法是有效可行的。 相似文献
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78.
空调车出口风温的自动调节 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
空调车的出口风温是一个重要的调节参数。本文建立了空调车的出口风温自动化系统的模型。简述了热惯性较大的温度传感器模型在线辨识和动态补偿方法。根据实际工况,文章对控制系统的模型进行了抽象并简化为典型非线性控制系统。针对系统中使用的电机实际情况,文章又对系统最简模型的相轨迹运动状况进行了分析,同时给出了相轨迹图。 相似文献
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80.
光纤通信线路检测到的电功率随差分群延迟变化,可作为PMD补偿的反馈控制信号。给出了这一变化关系的理论计算和曲线并通过实验验证这一关系,确定电压信号与DGD的变化关系。建立了一套完整的实验系统,并考虑了影响反馈电压信号的多种因素以及减小这些影响的措施。通过眼图给出的实验结果说明了补偿的效果,还通过误码测试仪测量了补偿前后的接收灵敏度的改变以定量说明补偿的效果,最后比较了不同情况下的补偿结果。 相似文献