基于GA-PSO的低轨星座传感器资源优化调度方法

针对低轨星座目标跟踪传感器资源调度,基于函数优化和组合优化理论,建立了传感器资源优化调度模型,并设计了基于遗传算法-粒子群优化(GA-PSO)的优化调度算法。仿真结果表明,与现有的构造优化调度算法相比,该算法的性能更优,但运算量有所增加。     

中轨道Walker导航星座在轨备份方案优化设计

针对中轨道Walker导航星座在轨备份方案的优化问题,首先提出了在轨备份星轨位优化设计方法,考虑星座运行期间在轨备份星与工作卫星存在共同提供服务的情况,选取PDOP值和可见卫星数作为轨位优化指标,建立了轨位优化模型,并基于NSGA-Ⅱ算法对不同轨位下在轨备份星对导航星座服务性能的提升效果进行仿真分析;然后,基于在轨备份星轨位的优化结果,建立在轨备份星替换的轨道机动模型,并综合考虑速度增量和替换时间,确定了以替换时间最少为优化目标的在轨备份星替换方案。结果表明,提出的在轨备份方案能有效满足备份星的设计需求,增强导航星座的服务性能,实现故障卫星的快速替换,可为导航星座备份星的建设提供借鉴。     

低树代价的低轨卫星网络组播算法

为了解决低轨卫星网络中现有典型源组播算法的信道资源浪费问题,提出了一套单核共享树组播算法,即核心群合并共享树(CCST)和加权核心群合并共享树(w-CCST)算法.CCST算法包括动态近似中心(DAC)选核方法和核心群合并组播路径构建方法.在核心群合并方法中,以核节点作为初始核心群,通过核心群和剩余组成员的最短路径方法逐步扩展直至整棵组播树构建完成,从而大大提高了网络带宽利用率.在w-CCST算法中,通过调整加权因子可以适度增大树代价、降低端到端传播时延,以支持某些时延性能要求严格的实时业务.仿真结果说明,CCST算法的树代价性能比其它算法有显著改善,w-CCST算法的端到端传播时延性能好于CCST算法.      

Single event upset investigations on the “Flying Laptop” satellite mission

The radiation effects in electronic parts are called single-event effects, which are deemed to be critical for space missions. This paper presents the Single Event Upsets that were observed in an onboard memory device of the Low Earth Orbit “Flying Laptop” satellite mission during its in-orbit operation. The Single Event Upsets were carefully mapped on the satellite orbital space itself and their root causes were investigated together with their rates of occurrence. Subsequently, the events were traced to show several root cause sources such as (i) trapped energetic protons leaking to low altitudes within the South Atlantic Anomaly, (ii) Solar Energetic Particles emitted by an impulsive event on 10 September 2017, and (iii) Galactic Cosmic Rays. A profound analysis was carried out on the observed flight data, and its corresponding results are actually in agreement with the standard energetic particle models. The presented results provide another important insight on the Single Event Upsets for future Low Earth Orbit satellite missions.     

Orbit insertion error analysis for a space-based gravitational wave observatory

Constellation is required to be highly stable over several years for a space-based gravitational wave observatory. However, the stability of the constellation can be affected by orbit insertion errors. The effects of orbit insertion errors on the constellation are mainly studied in this paper. Firstly, Monte-Carlo, Unscented Transformation Covariance Analysis Method (UTCAM) and Spherical Simplex Unscented Transformation Covariance Analysis Method (SSUTCAM) are used for simulation. The results indicate that UTCAM and SSUTCAM are highly efficient in calculating, with a relative error of less than 6%. Therefore, it is concluded that because of their accuracy and high efficiency, UTCAM and SSUTCAM can be adequately used in orbit insertion error analysis for a space-based gravitational wave observatory. Secondly, SSUTCAM is used to study the effects of position and velocity errors on the constellation. For the case in this paper, when the position error does not exceed 300 km, and the velocity error does not exceed 4 cm/s, the constellation remains stable.     

UMR: A utility-maximizing routing algorithm for delay-sensitive service in LEO satellite networks

This paper develops a routing algorithm for delay-sensitive packet transmission in a low earth orbit multi-hop satellite network consists of micro-satellites. The micro-satellite low earth orbit(MS-LEO) network endures unstable link connection and frequent link congestion due to the uneven user distribution and the link capacity variations. The proposed routing algorithm,referred to as the utility maximizing routing(UMR) algorithm, improve the network utility of the MS-LEO network for carrying flows with strict end-to-end delay bound requirement. In UMR, first, a link state parameter is defined to capture the link reliability on continuing to keep the end-to-end delay into constraint; then, on the basis of this parameter, a routing metric is formulated and a routing scheme is designed for balancing the reliability in delay bound guarantee among paths and building a path maximizing the network utility expectation. While the UMR algorithm has many advantages, it may result in a higher blocking rate of new calls. This phenomenon is discussed and a weight factor is introduced into UMR to provide a flexible performance option for network operator. A set of simulations are conducted to verify the good performance of UMR, in terms of balancing the traffic distribution on inter-satellite links, reducing the flow interruption rate,and improving the network utility.     

基于汇聚点观测的天基光学监视星座设计

针对地球静止轨道目标监视问题,提出了一种基于汇聚点观测的天基光学监视星座设计方法.研究分析了地球静止轨道目标分布特性,针对静止轨道目标在特定位置分布密度较大的特点,设计了监视星座对汇聚点区域进行重点观测的策略.分析了监视星座的轨道类型和传感器观测策略,提出采用太阳同步轨道设计监视星座和相应的汇聚点区域观测的方法.在满足对汇聚点观测要求及同步带重访周期为1d的条件下,对星座进行了设计.仿真结果表明：设计的4颗卫星组成的观测星座,对同步带目标的重访周期小于1d,24 h内的平均观测时间约为900 s,且能观测到更多的同步带目标.该方法可供工程应用参考.     

Impact of covariance information of kinematic positions on orbit reconstruction and gravity field recovery

Gravity missions are equipped with onboard Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers for precise orbit determination (POD) and for the extraction of the long wavelength part of the Earth’s gravity field. As positions of low Earth orbiters (LEOs) may be determined from GPS measurements at each observation epoch by geometric means only, it is attractive to derive such kinematic positions in a first step and to use them in a second step as pseudo-observations for gravity field determination. The drawback of not directly using the original GPS measurements is, however, that kinematic positions are correlated due to the ambiguities in the GPS carrier phase observations, which in principle requires covariance information be taken into account. We use GRACE data to show that dynamic or reduced-dynamic orbit parameters are not optimally reconstructed from kinematic positions when only taking epoch-wise covariance information into account, but that essentially the same orbit quality can be achieved as when directly using the GPS measurements, if correlations in time are taken into account over sufficiently long intervals. For orbit reconstruction covariances have to be considered up to one revolution period to avoid ambiguity-induced variations of kinematic positions being erroneously interpreted as orbital variations. For gravity field recovery the advantage is, however, not very pronounced.     

原子氧和石墨在近地轨道环境中反应概率的数值估算

本文提出估算近地轨道环境中原子氧对高度规则材料的反应概率的分子动力学模型。该模型通过对所导出的随机微分方程组的数值求解估算出原子氧与材料表面相互作用的经典轨迹系统，并根据所提出的反应性与非反应性碰撞准则估算出相互作用的反应概率。作为算例，本文给出了原子戌石墨材料表面的反应概率数值计算并与航天飞机ＳＴＳ－４６所测出的实际反应概率进行了对比，表明所建立的模型在一定程度上中可靠的。     

星载ADS-B相关研究进展及展望

星载ADS-B技术作为未来空中交通管制的重要技术,可以克服地面设备难以在荒漠、远洋、极地等地部署的难题.星载ADS-B具有侦收范围广、可全球覆盖的特点,由此各国纷纷展开相关研究.针对星载ADS-B技术特点,进行了星载ADS-B相关研究进展的调查.首先综述了星载ADS-B原理及相关卫星研究情况;其次围绕天线技术、射频电路...