航空发动机燃烧室火焰筒掺混区特性的研究

采用FLUENT6.2软件对某型航空发动机燃烧室火焰筒掺混区的典型工作状态进行了三维两相湍流燃烧温度场、速度场及油滴轨迹的数值计算。通过对计算结果的分析,得出掺混区的特性:掺混区的冷、热区决定出口温场的冷、热区;掺混区燃烧效率对燃烧室效率有一定的影响;高负荷状态的速度场均很相似;随着负荷的增加,油滴轨迹呈减小趋势,模拟计算结果与试验结果及燃烧室工作特点基本一致。     

计入纤维交叉影响的缠绕复合材料等效模量计算方法

本文提出一种用于分析纤维缠绕结构（宏观）的等效弹性模量方法,该方法具有较好的准确性。本文首先基于纤维缠绕微观结构的特点建立代表性体积单元（RVE）,并在此模型中计人纤维束交织现象的影响,对各个工艺参数（缠绕角、纤维束起伏区、交叉面积）的影响进行了计算分析;然后对经典层合板理论与等效模型计算结果进行了对比,指出经典层合板理论计算存在的误差与纤维束起伏区几何参数具有很大关系;最后利用等效均匀化理论得到缠绕结构的宏观弹性模量,并与试验值进行对比,验证了本计算模型和分析方法的准确性。     

Residual Strength of Stiffened LY12CZ Aluminum Alloy Panels with Widespread Fatigue Damage

Experimental and analytical investigations on the residual strength of the stiffened LY12CZ aluminum alloy panels with widespread fatigue damage （WFD） are conducted. Nine stiffened LY12CZ aluminum alloy panels with three different types of damage are tested for residual strength. Each specimen is pre-cracked at rivet holes by saw cuts and subjected to a monotonically increasing tensile load until failure is occurred and the failure load is recorded. The stress intensity factors at the tips of the lead crack and the adjacent WFD cracks of the stiffened aluminum alloy panels are calculated by compounding approach and finite element method （FEM） respectively. The residual strength of the stiffened panels with WFD is evaluated by the engineering method with plastic zone linkup criterion and the FEM with apparent fracture toughness criterion respectively. The predicted residual strength agrees well with the experiment results. It indicates that in engineering practice these methods can be used for residual strength evaluation with the acceptable accuracy. It can be seen from this research that WFD can significantly reduce the residual strength and the critical crack length of the stiffened panels with WFD. The effect of WFD crack length on residual strength is also studied.     

尾吊布局民机短舱防火区热影响计算分析

本文给出了尾吊布局的民机发动机短舱与机身组合体的三维空气流动与传热的物理和数学模型．根据发动机短舱和机身的组合模型特点,应用非结构化网格和柱状附面层网格对计算区域进行划分,采用k-ε湍流模型和相应的对流换热、辐射换热模型模拟了短舱风扇罩表面着火后对附近机身的热影响．分析认为采用CFD分析可在防火区选型设计阶段起到辅助作...     

根据损伤理论计算树脂材料的断裂性能

基于损伤理论,计及裂尖前方空穴和微裂纹等缺陷的影响,利用材料在性能实验中变形过程的损伤变化与含裂纹材料在裂纹扩展过程中的损伤变化的相似性,得到用材料的性能曲线计算材料断裂韧性的方法,并将计算结果与实验结果相比较,结论较为吻合。所提出的用材料的性能曲线直接计算其断裂韧性的方法有可能推广于其他高分子材料。     

轻型燃气轮机燃烧室NOx 排放估算

为了解决NOx排放预估问题,应用数值模拟方法研究轻型燃气轮机燃烧室NOx排放规律。将数值分析结果与文献中经验公式计算数据进行比较与分析,验证数值方法的准确性;基于进口压力、空气质量流量、主燃区温度3个参数拟合NOx排放预估公式。结果表明:数值模拟得到的NOx排放值与文献中经验公式计算出的符合度较高;结合数值计算结果得到的NOx排放预估公式;该公式能有效反映上述3个参数对NOx排放的影响;采用验证后的高精度数值模拟方法建立的NOx预估模型所得结果具有一定的科学性及可靠性,并可降低试验成本。     

Predicting the vulnerability of spacecraft components: Modelling debris impact effects through vulnerable-zones

The space environment around the Earth is populated by more than 130 million objects of 1 mm in size and larger, and future predictions shows that this amount is destined to increase, even if mitigation measures are implemented at a far better rate than today. These objects can hit and damage a spacecraft or its components. It is thus necessary to assess the risk level for a satellite during its mission lifetime. Few software packages perform this analysis, and most of them employ time-consuming ray-tracing methodology, where particles are randomly sampled from relevant distributions. In addition, they tend not to consider the risk associated with the secondary debris clouds. The paper presents the development of a vulnerability assessment model, which relies on a fully statistical procedure: the debris fluxes are directly used combining them with the concept of vulnerable zone, avoiding the random sampling the debris fluxes. A novel methodology is presented to predict damage on internal components. It models the interaction between the components and the secondary debris cloud through basic geometrical operations, considering mutual shielding and shadowing between internal components. The methodologies are tested against state-of-the-art software for relevant test cases, comparing results on external structures and internal components.     

充分发挥郑州航空港区扩散辐射作用的构想——基于增长极视角

2013年国务院批复了《郑州航空港经济综合实验区发展规划》（简称为郑州航空港区规划）之后,学界和政界开始更多地关注郑州航空港区这一增长极自身的集聚功能和经济增长,但怎样正确理解增长极的极化和扩散效应机理以及如何弱化它的负面影响、强化其扩散带动作用的研究成果并不多见。文章在研究增长极的极化扩散效应机理的基础上,提出以下强化郑州航空港区扩散辐射效应的建议：（1）以提高经济效率为主线,预防增长极过度膨胀;（2）掌握增长极辐射力衰减规律,边缘地区不能等着送“货”上门;（3）相对均衡的政策制度安排,有利于整个区域经济的协调发展;（4）加快腹地和落后地区的发展,为承接产业转移提供条件;（5）健全市场经济体制,畅通要素自由流动渠道;（6）调整产业结构趋同化,强化增长极的辐射带动效应。     

三维体心立方晶体声子谱的解析解

考虑到第三近邻相互作用情况下,利用晶格动力学方法,确定晶格振动的动力学矩阵及其本征方程,求解三维体心立方晶体声子谱,给出了非简并情况下声子谱的能量及与其对应的极化向量的解析解。并在第一布里渊区的全空间讨论了声子谱的特性,指出了声子谱能量只在第一布里渊区的主要对称点线面上具有简并现象,并按其极化向量判断了纵向声子与横向声子的特性。     

Reentry trajectory optimization for hypersonic vehicle satisfying complex constraints

The reentry trajectory optimization for hypersonic vehicle（HV）is a current problem of great interest.Some complex constraints,such as waypoints for reconnaissance and no-fly zones for threat avoidance,are inevitably involved in a global strike mission.Of the many direct methods,Gauss pseudospectral method（GPM）has been demonstrated as an effective tool to solve the trajectory optimization problem with typical constraints.However,a series of diffculties arises for complex constraints,such as the uncertainty of passage time for waypoints and the inaccuracy of approximate trajectory near no-fly zones.The research herein proposes a multi-phase technique based on the GPM to generate an optimal reentry trajectory for HV satisfying waypoint and nofly zone constraints.Three kinds of specifc breaks are introduced to divide the full trajectory into multiple phases.The continuity conditions are presented to ensure a smooth connection between each pair of phases.Numerical examples for reentry trajectory optimization in free-space flight and with complex constraints are used to demonstrate the proposed technique.Simulation results show the feasible application of multi-phase technique in reentry trajectory optimization with waypoint and no-fly zone constraints.